Aculeacin A

Aculeacin A (0.05-0.5 μg/mL; up to 20 hours) completely inhibits the growth of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Hansen 0209 strain at a concentration of 0.5 μg/mL, and partially inhibits its growth at 0.2 μg/mL, when incubated in glucose-peptone medium for up to 20 hours^[2].
Aculeacin A (0.5-50 μg/mL; up to 4 h) exhibits fungicidal activity against actively growing cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Hansen 0209 strain, and reduces cell viability within 2 h of incubation, but has no effect on the viability of non-growing resting cells even at the highest concentration of 50 μg/mL^[2].
Aculeacin A (5 μg/mL; 1 hour) causes cell lysis at the budding tips of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Hansen 0209 strain within 1 hour of incubation in glucose-peptone medium^[2].
Aculeacin A (5 μg/mL; 10 minutes pre-incubation, followed by incubation for up to 90 minutes) inhibits the incorporation of [U-¹⁴C]glucose into acid-insoluble fractions of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Hansen 0209 cells, but exerts no effect on the incorporation of [1-¹⁴C]leucine or [2-¹⁴C]uridine after up to 90 minutes of incubation with the radioactive precursors^[2].
Aculeacin A (5 μg/mL; 10 minutes pre-incubation followed by 30 minutes treatment) selectively inhibits the incorporation of [U-¹⁴C] glucose into the glucan component of the cell wall of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Hansen 0209 strain, reducing the incorporation level to 45.7% of that in the control group, while exerting minimal effects on mannan synthesis^[2].
Aculeacin A (10-100 μg/mL) weakly induces protoplast lysis of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Hansen 0209 only at the relatively high concentration of 100 μg/mL, while no effect is observed at 10 μg/mL^[2].
Aculeacin A (5 μg/mL; 1 hour) induces membrane invagination and the formation of membranous spherical bodies in the gap between the cell wall and cytoplasm in intact Saccharomyces cerevisiae Hansen 0209 strain cells after 1 hour of incubation^[2].
The inhibitory activity of Aculeacin A against 6 strains of Candida albicans is almost unaffected by variations in medium pH within the range of 3.0 to 8.0^[3].
Aculeacin A (0.02-20 μg/mL; 6 hours) exhibits fungicidal activity against actively growing Candida albicans, Candida tropicalis, and Torulopsis glabrata, with its lethal activity peaking at concentrations ranging from 0.08 to 0.31 μg/mL, while higher concentrations reduce its fungicidal effect^[3].
Aculeacin A (0.02-20 μg/mL; up to 6 hours) exerts paradoxical fungicidal and growth-inhibitory effects on exponentially growing Candida albicans MTU 12077 cells, with activity peaking at 0.08~1.25 μg/mL and decreasing at higher concentrations^[4].
Studies show that Aculeacin A (0.31 μg/mL; 0-6 hours) exerts no effect on non-proliferating Candida albicans cells, but significantly reduces the viability of proliferating cells at the same concentration^[4].
Aculeacin A (0.08-1.25 μg/mL; 30 minutes) induces visible aggregates in exponentially growing susceptible yeast cells, including Candida albicans, but does not induce aggregation in non-susceptible yeast strains^[4].
Aculeacin A (0.08-20 μg/mL; 6 hours) induces concentration-dependent morphological changes in exponentially growing Candida albicans MTU 12077 cells. It causes cell lysis at concentrations ranging from 0.08 to 0.31 μg/mL, and induces abnormally large cell morphology at a concentration of 20 μg/mL^[4].
Aculeacin A (0.31-20 μg/mL; 3 hours) induces osmotically sensitive cells in Candida albicans MTU 12077, with lower concentrations resulting in greater sensitivity, while osmotic stabilization inhibits the drug-induced cell aggregation^[4].
Aculeacin A (0.01-100 μg/mL; 20 minutes pre-incubation) preferentially inhibits the synthesis of alkali-insoluble glucan in osmotically stabilized exponential-phase Candida albicans MTU 12077 cells (with an inhibition rate of approximately 80% at 0.31 μg/mL), and exhibits an anomalous dose-response: the inhibitory effect reaches a peak at 0.31 μg/mL, while the inhibition weakens at higher concentrations^[4].
Aculeacin A (0.31-20 μg/mL; 3 hours) induces alkali-insoluble glucan-deficient Candida albicans MTU 12077 cells, with their glucan content reduced to ~20-23% of that in the control group, while other cellular components are minimally affected^[4].
Aculeacin A (0.08-80 μg/mL; 60 minutes) inhibits β-(1,3)-glucan synthase activity in cell-free extracts of Candida albicans MTU 12077 and Saccharomyces cerevisiae MTU 09018 (with maximum inhibition rates of up to 64% at 8 μg/mL and up to 75% at 0.8 μg/mL), and the inhibitory effect weakens at higher concentrations^[4].

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