Isotope-Labeled Nucleic Acids

5-Fluorouracil-d is the deuterium labeled 5-Fluorouracil. 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is an analogue of uracil and a potent antitumor agent. 5-Fluorouracil affects pyrimidine synthesis by inhibiting thymidylate synthetase thus depleting intracellular dTTP pools. 5-Fluorouracil induces apoptosis and can be used as a chemical sensitizer. 5-Fluorouracil also inhibits HIV.

Puromycin-d₃ is the deuterium labeled Puromycin. Puromycin dihydrochloride is the dihydrochloride salt of puromycin. Puromycin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic that inhibits protein synthesis.

Adenosine 5'-triphosphate(ATP)-d₄ (ammonium salt) is the deuterium labeled Adenosine 5'-triphosphate(ATP) ammonium salt.

Guanine-¹³C,¹⁵N₂ is the ¹³C and ¹⁵N labeled Guanine (HY-Y1055). Guanine is one of the fundamental components of nucleic acids (DNA and RNA). Guanine is a purine derivative, consisting of a fused pyrimidine-imidazole ring system with conjugated double bonds. Guanine has the potential to serve as a large-capacity N pool. Guanine has cytotoxic, antinociceptive and neuroprotective effects.

Adenosine monophosphate-¹³C₁₀,¹⁵N₅(AMP-¹³C₁₀,¹⁵N₅) is the ¹³C-labeled and ¹⁵N-labeled Adenosine monophosphate (HY-A0181). Adenosine monophosphate is an adenosine A1 receptor agonist. Adenosine monophosphate has significant antiviral activity against HSV-1 and HSV-2. Adenosine monophosphate is a key cellular metabolite regulating energy homeostasis and signal transduction.

Inosine-2,8-d₂ is the deuterium labeled Inosine. Inosine is an endogenous purine nucleoside produced by catabolism of adenosine. Inosine has anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive, immunomodulatory and neuroprotective effects. Inosine is an agonist for adenosine A1 (A1R) and A2A (A2AR) receptors.

Acyclovir-d₄ is the deuterium labeled Acyclovir. Acyclovir (Aciclovir) is a guanosine analogue and an orally active antiviral agent. Acyclovir inhibits HSV-1 (IC₅₀ of 0.85 μM), HSV-2 (IC₅₀ of 0.86 μM) and varicella-zoster virus. Acyclovir can be phosphorylated by viral thymidine kinase (TK), and Acyclovir triphosphate interferes with viral DNA polymerization through competitive inhibition with guanosine triphosphate and obligatory chain termination. Acyclovir prevents bacterial infections during induction therapy for acute leukaemia.

Hypoxanthine-d₂ is the deuterium labeled Hypoxanthine. Hypoxanthine, a purine derivative, is a potential free radical generator and could be used as an indicator of hypoxia.

Uracil-¹³C₄,¹⁵N₂ is the ¹³C and ¹⁵N labeled Uracil. Uracil is a common and naturally occurring pyrimidine derivative and one of the four nucleobases in the nucleic acid of RNA.

Uridine-¹⁵N₂ is the ¹⁵N labeled Uridine.

3-Methyladenine-d₃ is the deuterium labeled 3-Methyladenine. 3-Methyladenine (3-MA) is a PI3K inhibitor. 3-Methyladenine is a widely used inhibitor of autophagy via its inhibitory effect on class III PI3K.

Adenine-d is the deuterium labeled Adenine. Adenine (6-Aminopurine), a purine, is one of the four nucleobases in the nucleic acid of DNA. Adenine acts as a chemical component of DNA and RNA. Adenine also plays an important role in biochemistry involved in cellular respiration, the form of both ATP and the cofactors (NAD and FAD), and protein synthesis.

5-Methylcytosine-d₄ is the deuterium labeled 5-Methylcytosine (HY-W008091). 5-Methylcytosine is a well-characterized DNA modification in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. 5-Methylcytosine forms symmetrical methylation on CpG dinucleotides in DNA, stabilizes tRNA/rRNA structure in RNA, and affects mRNA translation. 5-Methylcytosine can be oxidized to generate 5hmC, 5fC, and 5caC. 5-Methylcytosine can be used in epigenetics, developmental biology, and the study of diseases such as colorectal cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma.

Cytidine-¹⁵N₃ is the ¹⁵N labeled Cytidine. Cytidine is a pyrimidine nucleoside and acts as a component of RNA. Cytidine is a precursor of uridine. Cytidine controls neuronal-glial glutamate cycling, affecting cerebral phospholipid metabolism, catecholamine synthesis, and mitochondrial function.

Dihydrouracil-d₄ is the deuterium labeled Dihydrouracil. Dihydrouracil (HY-W012926), a metabolite of Uracil, can be used as a marker for identification of dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD)-deficient.

Thymidine-¹³C₁₀,¹⁵N₂ is the ¹³C and ¹⁵N labeled Thymidine[1]. Thymidine, a specific precursor of deoxyribonucleic acid, is used as a cell synchronizing agent. Thymidine is a DNA synthesis inhibitor that can arrest cell at G1/S boundary, prior to DNA replication[2][3][4].

Uridine-d₂-1 is the deuterium labeled Uridine.

5-Fluorouracil-¹⁵N₂ is the ¹⁵N-labeled 5-Fluorouracil. 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is an analogue of uracil and a potent antitumor agent. 5-Fluorouracil affects pyrimidine synthesis by inhibiting thymidylate synthetase thus depleting intracellular dTTP pools. 5-Fluorouracil induces apoptosis and can be used as a chemical sensitizer. 5-Fluorouracil also inhibits HIV.

2'-Deoxyuridine-¹³C,¹⁵N₂ is the ¹³C and ¹⁵N labeled 2'-Deoxyuridine. 2'-Deoxyuridine could increase chromosome breakage and results in a decreased thymidylate synthetase activity. A known use of 2'-Deoxyuridine is as a precursor in the synthesis of Edoxudine.

6-Benzylaminopurine-d₅ is the deuterium labeled 6-Benzylaminopurine. 6-Benzylaminopurine is a cytokinin.