Carbosulfan
Based on 1 Customer Validation
Carbosulfan is an orally active AChE inhibitor that hydrolyzes to Carbofuran in organisms to exert insecticidal effects. Carbosulfan exhibits broad-spectrum insecticidal activity, and it also induces severe oxidative stress by enhancing lipid peroxidation and impairing the antioxidant defense system. Carbosulfan causes reproductive toxicity in male rats and developmental disorders in their offspring. Carbosulfan shows persistence in paddy field environments and potential hazards to non-target organisms, and it is commonly used in studies related to reproductive toxicity and environmental risk assessment.
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- Purity : 98.0%
- CAS No.: 55285-14-8
- 화학식: C20H32N2O3S
- 분자량:380.54
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보관:Pure form -20°C, 3 years , 4°C, 2 years ; In solvent -80°C, 6 months , -20°C, 1 month
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Biological Activity
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Chemical Information
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용액&용해도
- Protocol
- 순도&문서
- References
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Help & FAQs
All Parasite Isoforms
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Biological Activity
제품 설명
IC50 & Target
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AChE |
In Vitro
Carbosulfan distorts polymerization of purified porcine brain tubulin[1].
Carbosulfan (0.025-0.4 %; 24 h) induces dose-dependent mortality in test mosquitoes, with 100 % mortality observed at 0.2 and 0.4 % concentrations after 24 h exposure[2].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only. Further protocols information, click here.
In Vivo
Carbosulfan (0.4%; impregnated on paper; single exposure) induces 100% mortality in Kisumu strain Anopheles gambiae adults within 24 hours of exposure[2].
Carbosulfan (3.4-6.37 mg/kg bw; daily; 60 days) induces dose-dependent reproductive toxicity in male Wistar rats[4].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
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Animal Model:Wistar albino rats (male, 7-8-week-old, 200-250 g)[4]
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Dosage:3.4 mg/kg bw; 6.37 mg/kg bw
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Administration:daily; 60 days
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Result:Caused mild testes histology alterations including intercellular vacuolization in seminiferous tubules and interstitial cells, plus sloughing of germ cells into the tubular lumen at 3.4 mg/kg bw.
Caused severe testes histology alterations including tubular degeneration, disorganization and displacement of spermatogonial cells, frequent vacuolization, sloughing of germ cells into the lumen, and absence of spermatozoa at 6.37 mg/kg bw.
Reduced testosterone levels to 81.87 ± 1.68 ng/dL (3.4 mg/kg bw) and 65.38 ± 1.75 ng/dL (6.37 mg/kg bw), FSH levels to 2.15 ± 0.22 mIU/mL (3.4 mg/kg bw) and 1.63 ± 0.30 mIU/mL (6.37 mg/kg bw), LH levels to 0.89 ± 0.08 mIU/mL (3.4 mg/kg bw) and 0.59 ± 0.08 mIU/mL (6.37 mg/kg bw), all significantly relative to controls.
Reduced sperm count to 8.21 ± 0.60 x109 (3.4 mg/kg bw) and 6.41 ± 0.41 x109 (6.37 mg/kg bw), sperm motility to 61.66 ± 1.50% (3.4 mg/kg bw) and 47.83 ± 4.70% (6.37 mg/kg bw), both significantly relative to controls.
Increased sperm abnormality rate to 21.33 ± 3.50% (3.4 mg/kg bw) and 47 ± 3.09% (6.37 mg/kg bw), significantly relative to controls.
Induced a 30.8% reduction in testosterone levels, a 40% reduction in sperm motility, and a 450% increase in sperm abnormality rate at 6.37 mg/kg bw relative to controls.
Chemical Information
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CAS No. 55285-14-8
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Appearance Liquid (Density: 1.056 g/cm3)
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분자량 380.54
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화학식 C20H32N2O3S
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Color Light brown to brown
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SMILES
O=C(OC1=C(OC(C)(C)C2)C2=CC=C1)N(SN(CCCC)CCCC)C
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선적
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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보관
Pure form -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month
용액&용해도
In Vitro:
DMSO : ≥ 100 mg/mL (262.78 mM; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)
* "≥" means soluble, but saturation unknown.
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
In Vivo:
Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.
- For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
- To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
- The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline
Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (6.57 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.
Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)
Solubility: 2.5 mg/mL (6.57 mM); Suspended solution; Need ultrasonic
This protocol yields a suspended solution of 2.5 mg/mL. Suspended solution can be used for oral and intraperitoneal injection.
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.
Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:
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Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Please enter your animal formula composition:
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%DMSO +
Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
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%+
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+%Tween-80 + +
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%Saline +
The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL
Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL DMSO. Stock solution concentration: mg/mL.
1. Take μL DMSO stock solution;
2. Add μL .
μL , mix evenly;
3. Then add μL Tween 80, mix evenly;
4. Then add μL
Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
Protocol
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Reproductive and Developmental Toxicity Study
Reproductive and developmental toxicity studies detect adverse effects of prenatal or peri/postnatal exposure on maternal condition, pregnancy maintenance, embryo-fetal survival, fetal growth, structural development, and offspring reproductive or developmental endpoints; classic rat protocols generate readouts by comparing treated groups with vehicle, pair-fed, or untreated controls for implantation, resorption, fetal weight, crown-rump length, external morphology, visceral morphology, skeletal ossification, anogenital distance, nipple/areola retention, and postnatal cohort outcomes.
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ROS/oxidative-stress fluorescent staining
ROS/oxidative-stress fluorescent staining uses cell-permeant fluorogenic probes that become fluorescent after oxidation inside cells or tissues; commonly used examples include DCFH-DA/DCFDA for broad cellular oxidant detection, DHE for superoxide-related signal detection, MitoSOX for mitochondrial superoxide-related signal detection, and CellROX probes for oxidative-stress-associated fluorescence readouts. The assay detects probe oxidation rather than a single ROS species unless the probe and analysis method have been chemically validated for that species. DCFH-DA enters cells, is deacetylated by intracellular esterases to DCFH, and produces fluorescent DCF after oxidation, so the readout is used as an operational measure of total cellular oxidative stress rather than a species-specific ROS measurement. DHE and MitoSOX can report superoxide-related oxidation, but red fluorescence alone can include non-specific ethidium-like oxidation products; HPLC or optimized spectral approaches are
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Ferroptosis Solutions
Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent, non-apoptotic form of regulated cell death characterized by lethal lipid peroxidation and sensitivity to suppression by iron chelators or lipophilic radical-trapping antioxidants. The core pathway links cystine uptake through system Xc−, glutathione availability, GPX4-dependent detoxification of phospholipid hydroperoxides, iron-dependent oxidative reactions, and polyunsaturated-phospholipid metabolism into a cell-death program that is biochemically and morphologically distinct from apoptosis, necrosis, and autophagy. The ferroptosis pathway is experimentally linked to phenotype through chemical and genetic perturbation. Erastin induces ferroptosis by inhibiting cystine uptake through system Xc− and weakening antioxidant defenses, while GPX4 inhibition or depletion causes lipid peroxide accumulation and ferroptotic cancer-cell death. ACSL4 and oxidizable arachidonoyl- or adrenoyl-containing phosphatidylethanolamines shape ferroptosis sensitivity by con
순도&문서
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Data Sheet (276 KB)
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SDS (564 KB)
- English - EN (564 KB)
- Français - FR (564 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (564 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (564 KB)
- Español - ES (564 KB)
- Swedish - SV (564 KB)
- Italian - IT (564 KB)
- Korean - KR (564 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (564 KB)
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Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References
[1]. Banji D, et al. Carbosulfan exposure during embryonic period can cause developmental disability in rats. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol. 2014;38(1):230-238. [Content Brief]
[3]. de Melo Plese LP, et al. Kinetics of carbosulfan hydrolysis to carbofuran and the subsequent degradation of this last compound in irrigated rice fields. Chemosphere. 2005;60(2):149-156. [Content Brief]
Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
| Optional Solvent | Concentration Solvent Mass | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | 25 mg |
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| DMSO | 1 mM | 2.6278 mL | 13.1392 mL | 26.2784 mL | 65.6961 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.5256 mL | 2.6278 mL | 5.2557 mL | 13.1392 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2628 mL | 1.3139 mL | 2.6278 mL | 6.5696 mL | |
| 15 mM | 0.1752 mL | 0.8759 mL | 1.7519 mL | 4.3797 mL | |
| 20 mM | 0.1314 mL | 0.6570 mL | 1.3139 mL | 3.2848 mL | |
| 25 mM | 0.1051 mL | 0.5256 mL | 1.0511 mL | 2.6278 mL | |
| 30 mM | 0.0876 mL | 0.4380 mL | 0.8759 mL | 2.1899 mL | |
| 40 mM | 0.0657 mL | 0.3285 mL | 0.6570 mL | 1.6424 mL | |
| 50 mM | 0.0526 mL | 0.2628 mL | 0.5256 mL | 1.3139 mL | |
| 60 mM | 0.0438 mL | 0.2190 mL | 0.4380 mL | 1.0949 mL | |
| 80 mM | 0.0328 mL | 0.1642 mL | 0.3285 mL | 0.8212 mL | |
| 100 mM | 0.0263 mL | 0.1314 mL | 0.2628 mL | 0.6570 mL |
Carbosulfan Related Classifications
HY-B2015 Related Classifications
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Keywords
- Carbosulfan
- 55285-14-8
- Environmental Pollutants
- Cholinesterase (ChE)
- Parasite
- Insecticide
- mosquito populations
- tropical irrigated rice field soil solution
- porcine brain tubulin
- paddy water
- rice-infesting weevils
- male albino rats
- Anopheles gambiae
- rat pups
- cerebellar Purkinje cells
- acetylcholinesterase
- Inhibitor
- inhibitor
- inhibit