Bile Acid Standards

Dehydrocholic acid (Dehydrocholate) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Dehydrocholic acid (HY-B1393). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Dehydrocholic acid (Dehydrocholate) is an orally active hydrocholeretic agent. Dehydrocholic acid modulates Autophagy, reduces serum amylase and lipase levels. Dehydrocholic acid has the effects of promoting choleretic function, protecting the liver, reducing pancreatic damage, and regulating cholesterol metabolism. Dehydrocholic acid can be used in the study of acute biliary pancreatitis and obstructive jaundice.

3β-Ursodeoxycholic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of 3β-Ursodeoxycholic acid. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. 3β-Ursodeoxycholic acid (Isoursodeoxycholic acid) is a bile acid. 3β-Ursodeoxycholic acid shows good tolerance and well intestinal absorption by oral adminstation. 3β-Ursodeoxycholic acid can be isomerized by intestinal and hepatic enzymes to yield UDCA.

Nordeoxycholic acid (3α,12α-Dihydroxynorcholanic acid) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Nordeoxycholic acid (HY-N8268). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Nordeoxycholic acid is an orally active hydrophobic bile acid metabolite. Nordeoxycholic acid inhibits autophagic flux, induces endoplasmic reticulum stress and causes hepatocyte injury. Nordeoxycholic acid impairs intestinal barrier integrity in mice. Nordeoxycholic acid can be used in the research of alcohol-associated liver disease.

Isolithocholic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of Isolithocholic acid. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Isolithocholic acid (β-Lithocholic acid) is an isomer of Lithocholic acid. Isolithocholic acid, a bile acid, is formed by microbial metabolism of Lithocholic acid or Lithocholic acid 3α-sulfate[1][2].

Isoallolithocholic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of Isoallolithocholic acid. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Isoallolithocholic acid (3β-Hydroxy-5α-cholanic acid), a derivative of Lithocholic acid (HY-10219), is a T cell regulator. Isoallolithocholic acid enhances regulatory T cells (Tregs) differentiation[1].

3b-Hydroxy-5-cholenoic acid (Standard) is an analytical standard for 3b-Hydroxy-5-cholenoic acid. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. 3b-Hydroxy-5-cholenoic acid is a monohydroxy bile acid of endogenous origin. 3b-Hydroxy-5-cholenoic acid can be used in the study of hepatic ductular hypoplasia syndrome.

Ursocholic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of Ursocholic acid. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Ursocholic acid, a bile acid present in mammalian bile, is converted to deoxycholic acid (UDC) by the mouse intestinal flora. Ursocholic acid acts as a gallstone dissolving agent in the liver through anti-apoptosis, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, bile regulation, and coordinated changes in mitochondrial integrity and cell signaling, Ursocholic acid also has favorable effects on bones in patients with chronic cholestasis[1][2][3][4][5].

24-Norursodeoxycholic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of 24-Norursodeoxycholic acid. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. 24-norursodeoxycholic acid (Norucholic acid) is a side chain-shortened C23 homologue of UDCA and has shown potent anti-cholestatic, anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic properties.

Hyocholic Acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of Hyocholic Acid. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Hyocholic Acid is a bile acid found in pig. Hyocholic Acid can also be found in urine samples from patients with cholestasis. Hyocholic Acid promotes GLP-1 secretion via activating TGR5 and inhibiting FXR in enteroendocrine cells. Hyocholic Acid is known for its exceptional resistance to type 2 diabetes [1][2][3].

3-Oxo-5β-cholanoic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of 3-Oxo-5β-cholanoic acid. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. 3-Oxo-5β-cholanoic acid (Dehydrolithocholic acid), a bile acid metabolite, inhibits the diferentiation of TH17 cells by directly binding to the key transcription factor RORγt (Kd=1.13 μM)[1].

Glycohyocholic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of Glycohyocholic acid (HY-122141). This product is intended for use in research and analytical applications. Glycohyocholic acid (GHCA) is a primary conjugated bile acid formed by the conjugation of Cholic acid (HY-N0324) and Glycine (HY-Y0966). Glycohyocholic acid can be used in the study of hepatitis C-related cirrhosis and diabetes mellitus.

12-Ketochenodeoxycholic acid (Standard) is an analytical standard of 12-Ketochenodeoxycholic acid (HY-W403933). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. 12-Ketochenodeoxycholic acid is an anomalous bile acid and Chenodeoxycholic acid (HY-76847) precursor. 12-Ketochenodeoxycholic acid can be used for the research of hepatobiliary diseases.

Butylphthalide (Standard) is the analytical standard of Butylphthalide. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Butylphthalide (3-n-Butylphthalide) is an active molecule against cerebral ischemia. It was originally isolated from celery species and has been shown to be effective in stroke animal models.

Isodeoxycholic acid (7α,12α-Dihydroxycholanoic acid) Standard is the analytical standard of Isodeoxycholic acid (HY-W399297). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Isodeoxycholic acid (7α,12α-Dihydroxycholanoic acid) is a 3β-hydroxylated secondary bile acid. Isodeoxycholic acid is produced by epimerization of deoxycholic acid by intestinal bacteria. Isodeoxycholic acid is detectable in feces, mainly existing as saponifiable conjugates with long-chain fatty acids. Isodeoxycholic acid participates in the regulation of intestinal physiology.

Ethambutol (dihydrochloride) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Ethambutol (dihydrochloride). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. 0

Propyzamide (Standard) is the analytical standard of Propyzamide. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Propyzamide is a anti-microtubule herbicide.

Allolithocholic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of Allolithocholic acid (HY-143712). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Allolithocholic acid is an orally active metabolite of Lithocholic acid (HY-B0172). Allolithocholic acid is a dual GPBAR1 agonist (EC₅₀ = 2.7 μM) and RORγt inverse agonist (IC₅₀ = 3.4 μM). Allolithocholic acid modulates immune and metabolic pathways, regulates immune cell polarization, prevents M1 macrophage and Th17 CD4 cell polarization. Allolithocholic acid improves insulin sensitivity, reduces liver lipid accumulation, reverses liver immunological, inflammatory and metabolic signaling dysregulation, restores bile acid homeostasis, adipose tissue histopathology/function, and intestinal microbiota composition, modulates intestinal immunity. Allolithocholic acid can be used for the researches of cancer, inflammayion, immunology and metabolic disease.

7α-Hydroxy-4-cholesten-3-one (Standard) is the analytical standard of 7α-Hydroxy-4-cholesten-3-one. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. 7α-Hydroxy-4-cholesten-3-one is an intermediate in synthesis of bile acids from cholesterol. 7α-Hydroxy-4-cholesten-3-one is a pregnane X receptor (PXR) agonist. 7α-Hydroxy-cholest-4-en-3-one is a biomarker for bile acid loss, irritable bowel syndrome, and other diseases associated with defective bile acid biosynthesis. 7α-Hydroxy-cholest-4-en-3-one is the physiological substrate for CYP8B1.

5β-Cholanic acid is a hydrophobic modifier used to modify polymer carriers. 5β-Cholanic acid can improve the acid stability, cell penetration efficiency and drug sustained release ability of nanocarriers, and optimize the oral effectiveness of delivered molecules. 5β-Cholanic acid can covalently bind to Glycol chitosan (GC) to form a GC-CA conjugate, which optimizes the hydrophobic anchoring ability of nanoparticles and enables them to be stably adsorbed on the surface of PLGA nanoparticles. Such nanoparticles can resist dissociation in the gastric acid environment and maintain positive charge to enhance endocytic uptake by intestinal epithelial cells (such as Caco-2 cells). 5β-Cholanic acid can be used in the development of drug delivery systems.

Epicoprostanol (Standard) is the analytical standard of Epicoprostanol. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Epicoprostanol is the compound found in adipocere.