Amelenodor
Based on 2 publication(s) in Google Scholar
NX-13 is a first-in-class, orally active and gut-restricted agent that selectively targets and activates the NLRX1 pathway to induce immunometabolic changes. NX-13 results in lower inflammation and responses in inflammatory bowel disease. NX-13 can be used for the research of crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.
For research use only. We do not sell to patients.
- CAS No.: 2389235-01-0
- Formula: C24H21N3O3
- Molecular Weight:399.44
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Storage:Pure form -20°C, 3 years , 4°C, 2 years ; In solvent -80°C, 6 months , -20°C, 1 month
To place orders, for customer services and technical support, please contact: MedChemExpress USA
Tel: 609-228-6898 E-mail: [email protected] [email protected]
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Biological Activity
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Chemical Information
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Solvent & Solubility
- Protocols
- Purity & Documentation
- References
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Help & FAQs
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NLRP3-IN-13NLRP3 Inhibitor
Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) Amelenodor
More
Biological Activity
Description
IC50 & Target
NLRX1[1]
In Vivo
NX-13 (1 and 10 mg/kg; oral gavage; 0~24 hours) reaches the distal gastrointestinal tract[2].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
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Animal Model:Sprague Dawley rats (six weeks age)[2]
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Dosage:0, 500, or 1000 mg/kg
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Administration:Oral gavage; 7 days
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Result:ALP in rats given the 1000 mg/kg dose level was lower than that in rats given 500 mg/kg.
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Animal Model:Male C57BL/6J mice (8-10 weeks age)[2]
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Dosage:1 and 10 mg/kg (Pharmacokinetics analysis)
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Administration:Oral gavage; 24 hours
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Result:Reached the distal gastrointestinal tract.
Clinical Trial
| NCT Number | Sponsor | Condition | Start Date |
Phase
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| NCT01329991 | Plexxikon| | 2011-05 | PHASE1 |
Chemical Information
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CAS No. 2389235-01-0
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Appearance Viscous Liquid
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Molecular Weight 399.44
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Formula C24H21N3O3
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Color Colorless to light yellow
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SMILES
CC1=NC(OC2=CC(OC3=CC=CC(C)=N3)=CC(OC4=CC=CC(C)=N4)=C2)=CC=C1
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Synonyms
NX-13
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Shipping
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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Storage
Pure form -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month
Publications (2)
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Journal Impact Factor
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Most Recent
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Respir Res
2025 Nov 7;26(1):311. PMID: 41204207 -
Clin Immunol
NLRX1 deficiency exacerbates skin inflammation in atopic dermatitis by disrupting mitophagy. [Abstract]2025 Mar:272:110442. PMID: 39884322
Solvent & Solubility
In Vitro:
DMSO : 135 mg/mL (337.97 mM; Need ultrasonic and warming; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
In Vivo:
Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.
- For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
- To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
- The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline
Solubility: ≥ 6.75 mg/mL (16.90 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 6.75 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (67.5 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.
Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)
Solubility: ≥ 6.75 mg/mL (16.90 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 6.75 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (67.5 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.
Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:
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Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Please enter your animal formula composition:
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%DMSO +
Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
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%+
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+%Tween-80 + +
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%Saline +
The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL
Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL DMSO. Stock solution concentration: mg/mL.
1. Take μL DMSO stock solution;
2. Add μL .
μL , mix evenly;
3. Then add μL Tween 80, mix evenly;
4. Then add μL
Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
Protocols
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DSS-Induced Colitis
Dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis is generated by administering DSS in mouse drinking water, producing epithelial injury, barrier disruption, weight loss, diarrhea, fecal blood, colon shortening, histologic mucosal damage, and inflammatory mediator changes; the model is mainly used to study acute or chronic intestinal inflammation resembling selected features of ulcerative colitis. DSS injury is interpreted through clinical and tissue readouts rather than a single molecular endpoint: daily body weight, stool consistency, and bleeding are combined into a disease activity index, while colon length, histology, cytokines, myeloperoxidase activity, intestinal permeability, and tight-junction markers provide complementary measures of inflammation and barrier damage.
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TNBS-Induced Colitis
TNBS-induced colitis is produced by intrarectal delivery of 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid in ethanol, where ethanol disrupts the mucosal barrier and TNBS haptenates colonic proteins, generating immune-mediated colonic inflammation with weight loss, diarrhea, ulceration, transmural injury, inflammatory-cell infiltration, and cytokine responses. The model is used as an experimental intestinal inflammation model with Crohn’s disease–like features, especially when Th1-type responses, IL-12–dependent inflammation, chronic relapsing inflammation, or fibrosis-related endpoints are studied.
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Research Protocol for Inflammation-related Diseases
The NLRP3 inflammasome is a cytosolic innate immune signaling platform that integrates priming signals and danger-signal activation to promote caspase-1 activation, maturation of IL-1β and IL-18, and gasdermin D-mediated pyroptotic cell death. The core experimental logic is to determine whether inflammatory disease phenotypes are driven by increased NLRP3 expression, ASC-containing inflammasome assembly, caspase-1 cleavage, GSDMD cleavage, and extracellular release of IL-1β/IL-18 rather than by nonspecific cell injury alone. The pathway is strongly linked to inflammation-related disease phenotypes because monosodium urate crystals activate NALP3/NLRP3 inflammasome signaling in gout-like crystal inflammation, cholesterol crystals activate NLRP3 inflammasomes in atherogenesis models, and DSS-induced intestinal inflammation has been reported to involve NLRP3 inflammasome activity. However, experimental colitis studies also show context-dependent protective effects of NLRP3 inflammasome co
Purity & Documentation
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Data Sheet (275 KB)
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SDS (252 KB)
- English - EN (252 KB)
- Français - FR (252 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (252 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (252 KB)
- Español - ES (252 KB)
- Swedish - SV (252 KB)
- Italian - IT (252 KB)
- Korean - KR (252 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (252 KB)
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Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References
[1]. Leber A, et al. Activation of NLRX1 by NX-13 Alleviates Inflammatory Bowel Disease through Immunometabolic Mechanisms in CD4+ T Cells. J Immunol. 2019;203(12):3407-3415. [Content Brief]
[2]. Leber A, et.al. Exploratory studies with NX-13: oral toxicity and pharmacokinetics in rodents of an orally active, gut-restricted first-in-class therapeutic for IBD that targets NLRX1 [published online ahead of print, 2019 Oct 25]. Drug Chem Toxicol. 2019;1-6. [Content Brief]
Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
| Optional Solvent | Concentration Solvent Mass | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | 25 mg |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DMSO | 1 mM | 2.5035 mL | 12.5175 mL | 25.0350 mL | 62.5876 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.5007 mL | 2.5035 mL | 5.0070 mL | 12.5175 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2504 mL | 1.2518 mL | 2.5035 mL | 6.2588 mL | |
| 15 mM | 0.1669 mL | 0.8345 mL | 1.6690 mL | 4.1725 mL | |
| 20 mM | 0.1252 mL | 0.6259 mL | 1.2518 mL | 3.1294 mL | |
| 25 mM | 0.1001 mL | 0.5007 mL | 1.0014 mL | 2.5035 mL | |
| 30 mM | 0.0835 mL | 0.4173 mL | 0.8345 mL | 2.0863 mL | |
| 40 mM | 0.0626 mL | 0.3129 mL | 0.6259 mL | 1.5647 mL | |
| 50 mM | 0.0501 mL | 0.2504 mL | 0.5007 mL | 1.2518 mL | |
| 60 mM | 0.0417 mL | 0.2086 mL | 0.4173 mL | 1.0431 mL | |
| 80 mM | 0.0313 mL | 0.1565 mL | 0.3129 mL | 0.7823 mL | |
| 100 mM | 0.0250 mL | 0.1252 mL | 0.2504 mL | 0.6259 mL |
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