Phosphorylcholine
Based on 12 publication(s) in Google Scholar
Phosphatidylcholine is the main phospholipid component in eukaryotic biofilms. Phosphatidylcholine exists in commensal or pathogenic bacteria associated with eukaryotes in prokaryotes. Phosphorylcholine exhibits a surprising range of immunomodulatory properties.
For research use only. We do not sell to patients.
- Purity: 98.0%
- CAS No.: 3616-04-4
- Formula: C5H14NO4P
- Molecular Weight:183.14
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Storage:
4°C, stored under nitrogen
* In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (stored under nitrogen)
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Biological Activity
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Chemical Information
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Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) Phosphorylcholine
More- Nature. 2025 Jul;643(8070):192-200. [Abstract]
- Cell Metab. 2026 Feb 3;38(2):316-330.e8. [Abstract]
- Immunity. 2025 Nov 11;58(11):2670-2684.e10. [Abstract]
- Nat Commun. 2023 Mar 24;14(1):1631. [Abstract]
- Adv Sci (Weinh). 2024 Dec 4:e2411276. [Abstract]
- Microbiome. 2025 Apr 2;13(1):90. [Abstract]
- NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes. 2023 Sep 4;9(1):62. [Abstract]
- Anal Chem. 2025 May 13;97(18):9827-9835. [Abstract]
- JCI Insight. 2021 Oct 22;6(20):e151911. [Abstract]
- Virulence. 2025 Dec;16(1):2490208. [Abstract]
- J Physiol Biochem. 2022 May;78(2):355-363. [Abstract]
- Patent. US20250160318A1.
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All Endogenous Metabolite Isoforms
MoreAll Adrenergic Receptor Isoforms
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Biological Activity
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Human Endogenous Metabolite |
Microbial Metabolite |
Phosphorylcholine is a component of drug delivery micelles, which improves the efficiency of cellular internalization and increases the cytotoxicity of cytotoxins carried in micelles in HeLa cells[2].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Phosphorylcholine (2 μg; ip; once every two weeks for 4 months) induces the production of anti-PC and anti-oxLDL antibodies, increases mature B cells in the spleen, and reduces atherosclerotic lesions in the aortic root in mouse models[4].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
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Animal Model:Sprague Dawley rats model[3]
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Dosage:200-600 μmol/kg
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Administration:ip; single dose
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Result:Increased plasma glucagon and choline concentration.
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Animal Model:apoE knockout mouse model[4]
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Dosage:2 μg
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Administration:ip; once every two weeks for 4 months
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Result:Induced anti-PC and anti-oxLDL antibodies, reduced atherosclerotic lesions.
Chemical Information
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CAS No. 3616-04-4
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Appearance Oil
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Molecular Weight 183.14
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Formula C5H14NO4P
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Color Colorless to light yellow
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SMILES
O=P(OCC[N+](C)(C)C)([O-])O
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Synonyms
Phosphocholine
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Structure Classification
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Initial Source
a variety of prokaryotic and eukaryotic pathogens
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Shipping
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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Storage
4°C, stored under nitrogen
* In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (stored under nitrogen)
Publications (12)
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Journal Impact Factor
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Most Recent
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Nature
2025 Jul;643(8070):192-200. PMID: 39695227 -
Cell Metab
Endometrial stromal cell-derived TMAO sustains decidualization to prevent recurrent spontaneous abortion. [Abstract]2026 Feb 3;38(2):316-330.e8. PMID: 41512878 -
Immunity
Membrane integrity changes upon viral infection activate sphingomyelinase SMPDL3B to restrict cGAS-STING signaling via cGAMP degradation. [Abstract]2025 Nov 11;58(11):2670-2684.e10. PMID: 41175872
Phosphorylcholine purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Immunity. 2025 Nov 11;58(11):2670-2684.e10. [Abstract]
Phosphorylcholine (PC, 10 μM; 24 h) increased HSV-1-induced cGAS-STING signaling and reduced HSV-1 replication in L929 cells.
Phosphorylcholine purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Immunity. 2025 Nov 11;58(11):2670-2684.e10. [Abstract]
SMPDL3B (5 μM) were pre-incubated with Phosphorylcholine (PC, 100 μM) or ENPP1-1-IN-14 (100 μM) at 4°C for 30 min, and then incubated with cGAMP (100 μM) at 37°C for 3 h. The concentration of cGAMP was examined by cGAMP ELISA kit.
Phosphorylcholine purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Immunity. 2025 Nov 11;58(11):2670-2684.e10. [Abstract]
SMPDL3B was pre-incubated with or without Phosphorylcholine (PC, 10 μM) at 4°C for 1 h, and then incubated with or without cGAMP (100 μM) at 37°C for 4 h. RAW-Lucia ISG cells were stimulated with the above reaction products (50-fold dilution) for 24 h and the ISRE reporter activity was assessed following the standard protocol.
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Nat Commun
Immunotherapy targeting plasma ASM is protective in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. [Abstract]2023 Mar 24;14(1):1631. PMID: 36959217 -
Adv Sci (Weinh)
Single-Cell Simultaneous Metabolome and Transcriptome Profiling Revealing Metabolite-Gene Correlation Network. [Abstract]2024 Dec 4:e2411276. PMID: 39629980 -
Microbiome
Faecalibacterium prausnitzii-derived outer membrane vesicles reprogram gut microbiota metabolism to alleviate Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus infection. [Abstract]2025 Apr 2;13(1):90. PMID: 40176190
Phosphorylcholine purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Microbiome. 2025 Apr 2;13(1):90. [Abstract]
The pig intestines of the Phosphorylcholine (PC) (10 mg/kg; once daily for 8 days) pretreatment group exhibited mild congestion and edema in gut appearance, while the PEDV group showed obvious lesions and severe congestion and edema.
Phosphorylcholine purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Microbiome. 2025 Apr 2;13(1):90. [Abstract]
Phosphorylcholine (PC) (10 mg/kg; once daily for 8 d) mitigated the negative impacts of intestinal virus, as evidenced by improved survival rates and body weight changes, and alleviated broken villi and extensive epithelial cell shedding in piglets.
Phosphorylcholine purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Microbiome. 2025 Apr 2;13(1):90. [Abstract]
Phosphorylcholine (PC) (1, 5, and 10 μM; 24 h) treatment at different concentrations inhibited PEDV-induced cell death in both IPEC-J2 and Vero cells.
Phosphorylcholine purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Microbiome. 2025 Apr 2;13(1):90. [Abstract]
Expression analysis of RIPK1, p-RIPK1, RIPK3, p-RIPK3, MLKL, p-MLKL, and PEDV-N in IPEC-J2 cells pre-treated with various Phosphorylcholine (PC) (1, 5, and 10 μM) concentrations post-PEDV infection. Phosphorylcholine (PC) (1, 5, and 10 μM) treatment reduced the phosphorylation levels of RIPK1, RIPK3, and MLKL.
Phosphorylcholine purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Microbiome. 2025 Apr 2;13(1):90. [Abstract]
Phosphorylcholine (PC) (10 mg/kg; once daily for 8 days) pretreatment alleviated viral infection of the pig's intestines, keeping the intestinal villi and tissue structure intact, with only minor damage and epithelial cell shedding.
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NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes
Colonic phosphocholine is correlated with Candida tropicalis and promotes diarrhea and pathogen clearance. [Abstract]2023 Sep 4;9(1):62. PMID: 37666845
Phosphorylcholine purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes. 2023 Sep 4;9(1):62. [Abstract]
Fecal water content and fecal Na+ content; C57BL/6 male mice were either orally administrated with 0.1 mL PBS (CONT group) or 0.1 mL Phosphorylcholine at a concentration of 2.5 mol/L (PC group) for 7 days. The results showed that that Phosphorylcholine increased fecal water and Na+ content.
Phosphorylcholine purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes. 2023 Sep 4;9(1):62. [Abstract]
Colonic morphology (Scale bar = 200 μm; arrows, impaired villus). The results showed that Phosphorylcholine (Phosphocholine, 2.5 mol/L; 0.1 mL; i.g.; once daily for 7 days) protected mice from morphological damage.
Phosphorylcholine purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes. 2023 Sep 4;9(1):62. [Abstract]
Phosphorylcholine (Phosphocholine, 2.5 mol/L; 0.1 mL; i.g.; once daily for 7 days) alleviated C. rodentium-induced apoptosis, as indicated by decreased caspase-3 expression (Fig. n), and epithelial proliferation, as indicated by decreased Ki67 expression (Fig. o).
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Anal Chem
Ultrahigh Flow Regulated Discharge Coupling with Targeted Mass Spectrometry Analysis: Real Time Capturing Biomolecules in Exhaled Breath. [Abstract]2025 May 13;97(18):9827-9835. PMID: 40302637 -
JCI Insight
Phospholipase A2 enzymes represent a shared pathogenic pathway in psoriasis and pityriasis rubra pilaris. [Abstract]2021 Oct 22;6(20):e151911. PMID: 34491907 -
Virulence
2025 Dec;16(1):2490208. PMID: 40202859 -
J Physiol Biochem
D609 inhibition of phosphatidylcholine-specific phospholipase C attenuates prolonged insulin stimulation-mediated GLUT4 downregulation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. [Abstract]2022 May;78(2):355-363. PMID: 35048323 -
Solvent & Solubility
H2O : 100 mg/mL (546.03 mM; Need ultrasonic)
Ethanol : 4 mg/mL (21.84 mM; Need ultrasonic)
DMSO : < 1 mg/mL (insoluble or slightly soluble)
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (stored under nitrogen). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (stored under nitrogen). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
For the following dissolution methods, please prepare the working solution directly:
It is recommended to prepare fresh solutions and use them promptly within a short period of time.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.
Add each solvent one by one: PBS
Solubility: 100 mg/mL (546.03 mM); Clear solution; Need ultrasonic
Purity & Documentation
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Data Sheet (275 KB)
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SDS (252 KB)
- English - EN (252 KB)
- Français - FR (252 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (252 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (252 KB)
- Español - ES (252 KB)
- Swedish - SV (252 KB)
- Italian - IT (252 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (252 KB)
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Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References
[1]. Harnett W, et al. Phosphorylcholine: friend or foe of the immune system? Immunol Today. 1999 Mar;20(3):125-9. [Content Brief]
[2]. Tu S, et al., Enhancement of cellular uptake and antitumor efficiencies of micelles with phosphorylcholine. Macromol Biosci. 2011 Oct 10;11(10):1416-25. [Content Brief]
[3]. Cansev M, et al., Choline, CDP-choline or phosphocholine increases plasma glucagon in rats: involvement of the peripheral autonomic nervous system. Eur J Pharmacol. 2008 Jul 28;589(1-3):315-22. [Content Brief]
[4]. Caligiuri G, et al., Phosphorylcholine-targeting immunization reduces atherosclerosis. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2007 Aug 7;50(6):540-6. [Content Brief]
Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (stored under nitrogen). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
| Optional Solvent | Concentration Solvent Mass | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | 25 mg |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ethanol / H2O | 1 mM | 5.4603 mL | 27.3015 mL | 54.6030 mL | 136.5076 mL |
| 5 mM | 1.0921 mL | 5.4603 mL | 10.9206 mL | 27.3015 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.5460 mL | 2.7302 mL | 5.4603 mL | 13.6508 mL | |
| 15 mM | 0.3640 mL | 1.8201 mL | 3.6402 mL | 9.1005 mL | |
| 20 mM | 0.2730 mL | 1.3651 mL | 2.7302 mL | 6.8254 mL | |
| H2O | 25 mM | 0.2184 mL | 1.0921 mL | 2.1841 mL | 5.4603 mL |
| 30 mM | 0.1820 mL | 0.9101 mL | 1.8201 mL | 4.5503 mL | |
| 40 mM | 0.1365 mL | 0.6825 mL | 1.3651 mL | 3.4127 mL | |
| 50 mM | 0.1092 mL | 0.5460 mL | 1.0921 mL | 2.7302 mL | |
| 60 mM | 0.0910 mL | 0.4550 mL | 0.9101 mL | 2.2751 mL | |
| 80 mM | 0.0683 mL | 0.3413 mL | 0.6825 mL | 1.7063 mL | |
| 100 mM | 0.0546 mL | 0.2730 mL | 0.5460 mL | 1.3651 mL |
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
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