Pregnenolone 16α-carbonitrile
Based on 6 publication(s) in Google Scholar
Pregnenolone 16α-carbonitrile is an orally active prototypical and effective rodent-PXR activator. Pregnenolone 16α-carbonitrile, a synthetic steroid, induces cytochrome P450 3A expression. Pregnenolone 16α-carbonitrile exhibits increased resistance to subsequent stressful insults.
For research use only. We do not sell to patients.
- Purity : 98.42%
- CAS No.: 1434-54-4
- Formula: C22H31NO2
- Molecular Weight:341.49
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Storage:Powder -20°C, 3 years ; In solvent -80°C, 6 months , -20°C, 1 month
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Biological Activity
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Chemical Information
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Solvent & Solubility
- Purity & Documentation
- References
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Help & FAQs
Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) Pregnenolone 16α-carbonitrile
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Biological Activity
Description
IC50 & Target
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CYP2 |
CYP3 |
In Vitro
Pregnenolone 16α-carbonitrile is an orally active prototypical and effective rodent-PXR activator. Pregnenolone 16α-carbonitrile, a synthetic steroid, induces cytochrome P450 3A expression. Pregnenolone 16α-carbonitrile exhibits increased resistance to subsequent stressful insults[1][2][3].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
In Vivo
Pregnenolone 16α-carbonitrile (100 mg/kg; ip; single dose) induces the expression of CYP3A mRNA in adult female Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 150-200 g[2].
Pregnenolone 16α-carbonitrile (35 mg/kg; gavage; once daily for three days) increase in Pgp expression in male Sprague-Dawley rats, aged approximately 100 days and weighing 250-400 g[3].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
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Animal Model:WT and Pxr-/- mice[1]
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Dosage:40 mg/kg
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Administration:IP; per day for two days
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Result:Induced the expression of Cyp3a11 and Cyp2b10 at the mRNA, protein, and enzymatic levels in WT mice.
Had little effect on the expression of Cyp3a11 in Pxr-/- mice
Chemical Information
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CAS No. 1434-54-4
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Appearance Solid
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Molecular Weight 341.49
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Formula C22H31NO2
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Color White to off-white
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SMILES
C[C@@]12[C@](C[C@H]([C@@H]2C(C)=O)C#N)([H])[C@@]3([H])[C@]([C@@]4(C(C[C@H](CC4)O)=CC3)C)([H])CC1
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Shipping
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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Storage
Powder -20°C 3 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month
Publications (6)
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Journal Impact Factor
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Most Recent
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Science
Commensal-driven serotonin production modulates in vivo delivery of synthetic and viral vectors. [Abstract]2026 Mar 19;391(6791):eadu7686. PMID: 41855345 -
Cell Metab
TNF compromises intestinal bile-acid tolerance dictating colitis progression and limited infliximab response. [Abstract]2024 Sep 3;36(9):2086-2103.e9. PMID: 38971153 -
Cell Death Discov
Pregnane X receptor protects against age-related bone loss in males via PI3K/Akt-mediated inhibition of apoptosis. [Abstract]2025 Nov 7;11(1):511. PMID: 41203627 -
Drug Metab Dispos
Unveiling hepatic Krüppel-like factor 15 as the key regulator of cyclosporine A metabolism and adverse effects. [Abstract]2025 Jul 29;53(9):100136. PMID: 40885107 -
Toxicol Appl Pharmacol
Toxicokinetic insights into distinct mechanisms of action of two thyroid toxicants: Propylthiouracil and pregnenolone 16α‑carbonitrile. [Abstract]2025 May:498:117282. PMID: 40023229 -
Solvent & Solubility
In Vitro:
DMSO : 20 mg/mL (58.57 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
In Vivo:
Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.
- For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
- To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
- The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)
Solubility: ≥ 1.43 mg/mL (4.19 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 1.43 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (14.3 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.
Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
For the following dissolution methods, please prepare the working solution directly:
It is recommended to prepare fresh solutions and use them promptly within a short period of time.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.
Add each solvent one by one: Corn Oil
Solubility: 12.5 mg/mL (36.60 mM); Clear solution; Need ultrasonic
In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:
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Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Please enter your animal formula composition:
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%DMSO +
Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
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%+
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+%Tween-80 + +
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%Saline +
The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL
Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL DMSO. Stock solution concentration: mg/mL.
1. Take μL DMSO stock solution;
2. Add μL .
μL , mix evenly;
3. Then add μL Tween 80, mix evenly;
4. Then add μL
Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
Purity & Documentation
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Data Sheet (277 KB)
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SDS (252 KB)
- English - EN (252 KB)
- Français - FR (252 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (252 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (252 KB)
- Español - ES (252 KB)
- Swedish - SV (252 KB)
- Italian - IT (252 KB)
- Korean - KR (252 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (252 KB)
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Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References
[1]. Yang Xie, et al. Activation of Pregnane X Receptor Sensitizes Mice to Hemorrhagic Shock-Induced Liver Injury. Hepatology. 2019 Sep;70(3):995-1010. [Content Brief]
[2]. Simon Lowes, et al. The Effects of Pregnenolone 16α-Carbonitrile Dosing on Digoxin Pharmacokinetics and Intestinal Absorption in the Rat. Pharmaceutics. 2010 Mar 15;2(1):61-77. [Content Brief]
[3]. Jeffrey Guzelian, et al. Identification of genes controlled by the pregnane X receptor by microarray analysis of mRNAs from pregnenolone 16alpha-carbonitrile-treated rats. Toxicol Sci. 2006 Dec;94(2):379-87. [Content Brief]
[4]. Carylyn J Marek, et al. Pregnenolone-16alpha-carbonitrile inhibits rodent liver fibrogenesis via PXR (pregnane X receptor)-dependent and PXR-independent mechanisms. Biochem J. 2005 May 1;387(Pt 3):601-8. [Content Brief]
Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
| Optional Solvent | Concentration Solvent Mass | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | 25 mg |
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| DMSO | 1 mM | 2.9283 mL | 14.6417 mL | 29.2834 mL | 73.2086 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.5857 mL | 2.9283 mL | 5.8567 mL | 14.6417 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2928 mL | 1.4642 mL | 2.9283 mL | 7.3209 mL | |
| 15 mM | 0.1952 mL | 0.9761 mL | 1.9522 mL | 4.8806 mL | |
| 20 mM | 0.1464 mL | 0.7321 mL | 1.4642 mL | 3.6604 mL | |
| 25 mM | 0.1171 mL | 0.5857 mL | 1.1713 mL | 2.9283 mL | |
| 30 mM | 0.0976 mL | 0.4881 mL | 0.9761 mL | 2.4403 mL | |
| 40 mM | 0.0732 mL | 0.3660 mL | 0.7321 mL | 1.8302 mL | |
| 50 mM | 0.0586 mL | 0.2928 mL | 0.5857 mL | 1.4642 mL |
Pregnenolone 16α-carbonitrile Related Classifications
HY-131723 Related Classifications
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