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Results for "

cerebral activator

" in MedChemExpress (MCE) Product Catalog:

98

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3

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8

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1

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28

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Products

4

Isotope-Labeled Compounds

Cat. No. Product Name Target Research Areas Chemical Structure
  • HY-14536
    Methylene Blue
    25+ Cited Publications

    Basic Blue 9; CI-52015; Methylthioninium chloride

    		 Environmental Pollutants Monoamine Oxidase Guanylate Cyclase Microtubule/Tubulin NO Synthase Infection Neurological Disease Cancer
    Methylene blue (Basic Blue 9) is a guanylyl cyclase (sGC), monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A) and NO synthase (NOS) inhibitor. Methylene blue is a vasopressor and is often used as a dye in several medical procedures. Methylene blue through the nitric oxide syntase/guanylate cyclase signalling pathway to reduce prepulse inhibition. Methylene blue is a REDOX cycling compound and able to cross the blood-brain barrier. Methylene blue is a Tau aggregation inhibitor. Methylene Blue is a photosensitizer and redox agent. Methylene blue reduces cerebral edema, attenuated microglial activation and reduced neuroinflammation .
    Methylene Blue
  • HY-113402
    Gamma-glutamylcysteine
    4 Publications Verification

    γ-Glu-Cys

    		 Endogenous Metabolite Interleukin Related TNF Receptor AMPK Sirtuin STAT PI3K NF-κB JAK p38 MAPK JNK Akt Apoptosis Ferroptosis Cardiovascular Disease Neurological Disease Inflammation/Immunology
    Gamma-glutamylcysteine (γ-Glu-Cys) is an orally active, blood-brain barrier permeable dipeptide . Gamma-glutamylcysteine activates AMPK, SIRT1, IL-4/STAT6, AC/cAMP/PI3K, IGF-1R/IRS1/PI3K, and Nrf2 signaling pathways; it inhibits NF-κB, JAK1/STAT1/3, MAPKs, cadmium-induced p38 MAPK, JNK, and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways. Gamma-glutamylcysteine regulates macrophage polarization, modulates the trafficking of CD36 and GLUT4, induces glutathione synthesis, improves metabolic dysfunction, reduces lipid deposition, ameliorates glucose homeostasis, inhibits apoptosis (Apoptosis), stabilizes mitochondria, suppresses lipid peroxidation, iron accumulation and ferroptosis (Ferroptosis), reduces ds-HMGB1 levels, reverses mechanical hyperalgesia, and alleviates hepatic lipid droplet formation. Gamma-glutamylcysteine is applicable to research related to inflammatory bowel disease, type 2 diabetes, cadmium-induced neurotoxicity, Alzheimer's disease, cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury, neuropathy, and alcoholic liver disease .
    Gamma-glutamylcysteine
  • HY-17001A
    Flupirtine
    1 Publications Verification

    D 9998

    		 Potassium Channel iGluR GABA Receptor Neurological Disease Inflammation/Immunology
    Flupirtine (D 9998) is an orally active, blood-brain barrier-crossing non-opioid analgesic and neuroprotective agent. Flupirtine is a neuronal potassium channel opener (Kv7 activator), a NMDA receptor antagonist and a GABA receptor activator. Flupirtine stabilizes blood-brain-barrier integrity, reduces oxidative stress and brain leukocyte infiltration, enhances angioneurogenesis, suppresses calcium influx, stabilizes neuronal resting membrane potential, and counteracts focal cerebral ischemia. Flupirtine exhibits analgesic, muscle relaxant properties, protects neurons from excitotoxic, ischemic, or cytokine-mediated death. Flupirtine functions as a non-opioid analgesic without antipyretic or antiphlogistic properties, shows no relevant affinity to opiate receptor. Flupirtine can be used for the research of focal cerebral ischemia, pain, Alzheimer’s disease, or multiple sclerosis .
    Flupirtine
  • HY-17001
    Flupirtine Maleate
    1 Publications Verification

    D 9998 Maleate

    		 Potassium Channel iGluR GABA Receptor Neurological Disease Inflammation/Immunology
    Flupirtine (D 9998) Maleate is an orally active, blood-brain barrier-crossing non-opioid analgesic and neuroprotective agent. Flupirtine Maleate is a neuronal potassium channel opener (Kv7 activator), a NMDA receptor antagonist and a GABA receptor activator. Flupirtine Maleate stabilizes blood-brain-barrier integrity, reduces oxidative stress and brain leukocyte infiltration, enhances angioneurogenesis, suppresses calcium influx, stabilizes neuronal resting membrane potential, and counteracts focal cerebral ischemia. Flupirtine Maleate exhibits analgesic, muscle relaxant properties, protects neurons from excitotoxic, ischemic, or cytokine-mediated death. Flupirtine Maleate functions as a non-opioid analgesic without antipyretic or antiphlogistic properties, shows no relevant affinity to opiate receptor. Flupirtine Maleate can be used for the research of focal cerebral ischemia, pain, Alzheimer’s disease, or multiple sclerosis .
    Flupirtine Maleate
  • HY-B1065
    Aceglutamide

    α-N-Acetyl-L-glutamine; N2-Acetylglutamine

    		 Keap1-Nrf2 Akt ASK1 Apoptosis Neurological Disease
    Aceglutamide (α-N-Acetyl-L-glutamine; N2-Acetylglutamine) is a neuroprotectant that can penetrate the blood-brain barrier. Aceglutamide can enhance the antioxidant systems of glutathione (GSH), thioredoxin (Trx) and Nrf2. Aceglutamide also inhibits ASK1 and TRAF1, activates the Akt/Bcl-2 anti-apoptotic pathway, enhances the activity of antioxidant enzymes and reduces oxidative damage. Aceglutamide can improve neurological deficits after cerebral ischemia, reduce infarct volume, and inhibit neuronal apoptosis, especially substantia nigra dopaminergic neurons. Aceglutamide can reduce cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury, improve motor dysfunction, and is used in ischemic stroke-related research .
    Aceglutamide
  • HY-107661
    Arundic Acid
    2 Publications Verification

    ONO-2506; (R)-2-Propyloctanoic acid

    		 ERK Akt NF-κB EAAT Cardiovascular Disease Neurological Disease
    Arundic Acid is an orally effective astrocyte function modulator and neuroprotective agent. Arundic Acid increases the expression and function of the astrocytic glutamate transporter EAAT1 by activating the ERK, Akt and NF-κB pathways. Arundic Acid attenuates retinal ganglion cell death in a normal-tension glaucoma model. Arundic Acid exerts neuroprotective effects in a mouse model of Parkinson's disease. Arundic Acid is a S100β protein synthesis inhibitor that prevents neurological deficits and brain tissue damage after intracerebral hemorrhage in rats. Arundic Acid downregulates neuroinflammation and astrocytic dysfunction after status epilepticus in immature rats. Arundic Acid is applicable to research related to Parkinson's disease, cerebral ischemia, glaucoma, intracerebral hemorrhage and epilepsy .
    Arundic Acid
  • HY-113402A
    Gamma-glutamylcysteine TFA
    4 Publications Verification

    γ-Glu-Cys TFA

    		 Interleukin Related TNF Receptor Endogenous Metabolite AMPK Sirtuin STAT PI3K NF-κB JAK p38 MAPK JNK Akt Apoptosis Ferroptosis Cardiovascular Disease Neurological Disease Inflammation/Immunology
    Gamma-glutamylcysteine TFA (γ-Glu-Cys TFA) is an orally active, blood-brain barrier permeable dipeptide . Gamma-glutamylcysteine TFA activates AMPK, SIRT1, IL-4/STAT6, AC/cAMP/PI3K, IGF-1R/IRS1/PI3K, and Nrf2 signaling pathways; it inhibits NF-κB, JAK1/STAT1/3, MAPKs, cadmium-induced p38 MAPK, JNK, and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways. Gamma-glutamylcysteine TFA regulates macrophage polarization, modulates the trafficking of CD36 and GLUT4, induces glutathione synthesis, improves metabolic dysfunction, reduces lipid deposition, ameliorates glucose homeostasis, inhibits apoptosis (Apoptosis), stabilizes mitochondria, suppresses lipid peroxidation, iron accumulation and ferroptosis (Ferroptosis), reduces ds-HMGB1 levels, reverses mechanical hyperalgesia, and alleviates hepatic lipid droplet formation. Gamma-glutamylcysteine TFA is applicable to research related to inflammatory bowel disease, type 2 diabetes, cadmium-induced neurotoxicity, Alzheimer's disease, cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury, neuropathy, and alcoholic liver disease .
    Gamma-glutamylcysteine TFA
  • HY-N0496
    Ruscogenin
    Maximum Cited Publications
    6 Publications Verification

    		 NOD-like Receptor (NLR) Cardiovascular Disease
    Ruscogenin, an important steroid sapogenin derived from Ophiopogon japonicus, attenuates cerebral ischemia-induced blood-brain barrier dysfunction by suppressing TXNIP/NLRP3 inflammasome activation and the MAPK pathway. Ruscogenin exerts significant anti-inflammatory and anti-thrombotic activities. Ruscogenin has orally bioactivity .
    Ruscogenin
  • HY-B0340
    Nefiracetam

    DM9384; DZL-221

    		 nAChR iGluR mGluR PKC GABA Receptor Calcium Channel Neurological Disease
    Nefiracetam is a cognition-enhancing agent. Nefiracetam is an activator of nAChR, N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR), mGluR5, PKC, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), and N/L-type Ca 2+ channels. Nefiracetam promotes neuroplasticity and enhances neuroprotection. Nefiracetam can be used in Alzheimer's disease, epilepsy, and cerebral ischemia research .
    Nefiracetam
  • HY-W010520
    Methylisothiazolinone

    		Environmental Pollutants MMP Bacterial Fungal Apoptosis Infection Inflammation/Immunology
    Methylothiazolinone is a bacterial and fungal inhibitor and preservative, as well as a sensitizer. Methylisothiazolinone can activate matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in human bronchial epithelial cells to induce apoptosis and inflammatory response. Methylisothiazolinone can promote the development of atopic dermatitis in mice by disrupting Th2/Th17 related immune responses. Methylisothiazolinone can cause mitochondrial damage in the endothelium of rat cerebral blood vessels .
    Methylisothiazolinone
  • HY-B0531
    Triflusal

    		COX Phosphodiesterase (PDE) NF-κB NO Synthase Prostaglandin Receptor Infection Neurological Disease Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
    Triflusal is an orally bioavailable, blood-brain barrier-permeable dual Cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1)/cAMP phosphodiesterase inhibitor. Triflusal inhibits platelet aggregation, NF-κB activation, iNOS activity, and prostaglandin synthesis in ischaemic tissue. Triflusal stimulates neutrophil nitric oxide production, eNOS protein expression, and cNOS activity. Triflusal alleviates cerebral ischemic injury in rats and ameliorates pathological lesions and related gene expression in transgenic Alzheimer’s disease models. Triflusal can be used for the research of thromboembolic/ischemic cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, and Alzheimer’s disease .
    Triflusal
  • HY-N12060
    Ginkgo biloba extract

    		Bcl-2 Family Caspase Apoptosis Autophagy Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Akt JNK ERK Cardiovascular Disease Neurological Disease
    Ginkgo biloba extract is a natural product that can be isolated from Ginkgo biloba leaves . Ginkgo biloba extract alleviates oxidative stress-induced neuronal apoptosis (Apoptosis) by stabilizing mitochondrial function, regulating Bcl-2 family proteins and inhibiting caspase activation. Ginkgo biloba extract alleviates testicular injury by upregulating SKP2 and inhibiting Beclin1-independent autophagy (Autophagy) . Ginkgo biloba extract alleviates various types of neuronal damage in animal models. Ginkgo biloba extract reduces behavioral sensitization in rats. Ginkgo biloba extract counteracts Aβ-induced neurotoxicity by blocking a series of Aβ-triggered events, including glucose uptake, ROS accumulation, AKT activation, mitochondrial dysfunction, JNK and ERK 1/2 pathways, and apoptosis, and also interferes with the formation of Aβ oligomers. Ginkgo biloba extract is applicable to research related to cerebral hypoperfusion, testicular injury, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, multi-infarct dementia, stroke, traumatic brain injury and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis .
    Ginkgo biloba extract
  • HY-B2167R
    Docosahexaenoic acid (Standard)

    DHA (Standard); Cervonic acid (Standard)

    		 Reference Standards Endogenous Metabolite Neurological Disease Cancer
    Docosahexaenoic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of Docosahexaenoic acid. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA) is an omega-3 fatty acid abundantly present brain and retina. It can be obtained directly from fish oil and maternal milk. In Vitro: Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is essential for the growth and functional development of the brain in infants. DHA is also required for maintenance of normal brain function in adults. The inclusion of plentiful DHA in the diet improves learning ability and memory . DHA is an essential requirement in every step of brain development like neural cell proliferation, migration, differentiation, synaptogenesis. The multiple double bonds and unique structure allow DHA to impart special membrane characteristics for effective cell signaling. Many development disorders like dyslexia, autism spectrum disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, schizophrenia etc. are causally related to decreased level of DHA . DHA is a potent RXR ligand inducing robust RXR activation already at low micro molar concentrations. The EC50 for RXRα activation by DHA is about 5-10 μM fatty acid . In Vivo: Docosahexaenoic acid administration over 10 weeks significantly reduces the number of reference memory errors, without affecting the number of working memory errors, and significantly increases the docosahexaenoic acid content and the docosahexaenoic acid/arachidonic acid ratio in both the hippocampus and the cerebral cortex . DHA treatment exerts neuroprotective actions on an experimental mouse model of PD. There is a decrease tendency in brain lipid oxidation of MPTP mice but it does not significantly .
    Docosahexaenoic acid (Standard)
  • HY-N0353
    Curdione
    2 Publications Verification

    (+)-Curdione

    		 Ferroptosis Apoptosis Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Autophagy Glutathione Peroxidase Keap1-Nrf2 Heme Oxygenase (HO) TGF-β Receptor Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase (IDO) Cardiovascular Disease Neurological Disease Cancer
    Curdione ((+)-Curdione) is an orally active sesquiterpenoid. Curdione inhibits platelet aggregation. Curdione induces ferroptosis in colorectal cancer via m6A methylation mediated by METTL14 and YTHDF2. Curdione inhibits ferroptosis in Isoproterenol (HY-B0468)-induced myocardial infarction by regulating the Keap1/Trx1/GPX4 signaling pathway, suppressing oxidative stress (ROS) and apoptosis. Curdione ameliorates Doxorubicin (HY-15142)-induced cardiotoxicity by inhibiting oxidative stress (ROS) and activating the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. Curdione ameliorates sepsis-induced lung injury by inhibiting platelet-mediated neutrophil extracellular trap formation. Curdione ameliorates Bleomycin (HY-17565A)-induced pulmonary fibrosis by inhibiting TGF-β-induced fibroblast-to-myofibroblast differentiation. Curdione exhibits neuroprotective effects against focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats. Curdione exerts antiproliferative effects against human uterine leiomyosarcoma by targeting IDO1. Curdione protects vascular endothelial cells and atherosclerosis by regulating DNMT1-mediated ERBB4 promoter methylation. Curdione inhibits inducible prostaglandin E2 production (IC50 = 1.1 μM) and cyclooxygenase 2 expression .
    Curdione
  • HY-P4486
    H-Pro-Gly-Pro-OH

    Pro-Gly-Pro

    		 Drug Derivative Others
    H-Pro-Gly-Pro-OH is a collagen-derived matrikine that has classically been described as a neutrophil chemoattractant. H-Pro-Gly-Pro-OH is perfectly positioned to focus neutrophils on the site required and direct a localized repair response. H-Pro-Gly-Pro-OH activates the transcription of neurotrophins and their receptor genes after cerebral ischemia .
    H-Pro-Gly-Pro-OH
  • HY-D0958
    Methylene blue hydrate
    20+ Cited Publications

    Basic Blue 9 hydrate; CI-52015 hydrate; Methylthioninium chloride hydrate

    		 Guanylate Cyclase Monoamine Oxidase NO Synthase Microtubule/Tubulin Infection Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
    Methylene blue (Basic Blue 9) hydrate is a guanylyl cyclase (sGC), monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A) and NO synthase (NOS) inhibitor. Methylene blue is a vasopressor and is often used as a dye in several medical procedures. Methylene blue hydrate through the nitric oxide syntase/guanylate cyclase signalling pathway to reduce prepulse inhibition. Methylene blue hydrate is a REDOX cycling compound and able to cross the blood-brain barrier. Methylene blue hydrate is a Tau aggregation inhibitor. Methylene blue hydrate reduces cerebral edema, attenuated microglial activation and reduced neuroinflammation .
    Methylene blue hydrate
  • HY-14536A
    Methylene blue (purity≥70%)

    Basic Blue 9 (purity≥70%); CI-52015 (purity≥70%); Methylthioninium chloride (purity≥70%)

    		 Environmental Pollutants Monoamine Oxidase Guanylate Cyclase Microtubule/Tubulin NO Synthase Infection Neurological Disease Cancer
    Methylene blue (purity≥70%) is a guanylyl cyclase (sGC), monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A) and NO synthase (NOS) inhibitor. Methylene blue (purity≥70%) is a vasopressor and is often used as a dye in several medical procedures. Methylene blue (purity≥70%) through the nitric oxide syntase/guanylate cyclase signalling pathway to reduce prepulse inhibition. Methylene blue (purity≥70%) is a REDOX cycling compound and able to cross the blood-brain barrier. Methylene blue (purity≥70%) is a Tau aggregation inhibitor. Methylene blue reduces cerebral edema, attenuated microglial activation and reduced neuroinflammation .
    Methylene blue (purity≥70%)
  • HY-N5063
    Plantainoside D
    2 Publications Verification

    		 Angiotensin-converting Enzyme (ACE) IKK Calcium Channel PKC Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) NF-κB Apoptosis Sirtuin NOD-like Receptor (NLR) Cardiovascular Disease Neurological Disease Inflammation/Immunology
    Plantainoside D, a phenylethanoid glycosides, is a IKK-β inhibitor with diverse biological activities. Plantainoside D shows inhibitory activity of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) with an IC50 of 2.17 mM. Plantainoside D significantly reduces the release of glutamate from nerve terminals in the cerebral cortex of rats by inhibiting the voltage-dependent calcium channel (VDCCs) and protein kinase C (PKC) signaling cascade. Plantainoside D significantly alleviates cell apoptosis by inhibiting the generation of ROS and the activation of NF-κB. Plantainoside D significantly improves acute lung injury (ALI) induced by sepsis by regulating the Sirt3/NLRP3 signaling pathway. Plantainoside D can be used for the study of neuroprotection, antioxidant, anti-inflammation, antihypertension .
    Plantainoside D
  • HY-W016409
    Ethyl 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate
    1 Publications Verification

    Protocatechuic acid ethyl ester

    		 HIF/HIF Prolyl-Hydroxylase Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) NO Synthase Autophagy Apoptosis Metabolic Disease Cancer
    Ethyl 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate (Protocatechuic acid ethyl ester) is an orally effective, blood-brain barrier-permeable, competitive prolyl hydroxylase (PHD) inhibitor that inhibits the hydroxylation modification of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) by PHD. Ethyl 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate stabilizes HIF-1α by inhibiting PHD, activates downstream pathways to induce autophagy and apoptosis of tumor cells, and regulates inflammatory responses, inhibits the NF-κB pathway, improves vascular permeability, and promotes osteoblast differentiation. Ethyl 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate has anti-tumor, anti-hypoxic injury, and bone metabolism regulation effects. It can also be used in the research of cardiovascular protection (such as reducing myocardial ischemic damage), bone tissue engineering (promoting osteogenesis/inhibiting osteoclast differentiation), and prevention and treatment of high-altitude cerebral edema .
    Ethyl 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate
  • HY-N0385
    Gomisin J
    3 Publications Verification

    		 NO Synthase AMPK CaMK NF-κB Keap1-Nrf2 Cardiovascular Disease Inflammation/Immunology
    Gomisin J is a Schisandra chinensis-derived lignan that can inhibit multiple targets such as eNOS, AMPK (LKB1, CaMKIIβ), fetuin-A, NF-κB, Nrf2/HO-1, and can pass through the blood-brain barrier. Gomisin J increases NO bioavailability by activating eNOS, regulates lipid metabolism by activating the AMPK pathway, inhibits fetuin-A and NF-κB to exert anti-inflammatory effects, and activates Nrf2/HO-1 to enhance antioxidant capacity. Gomisin J has the activities of anti-hypertension, regulating liver lipid metabolism, and reducing cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury, and can be used for research on hypertension, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury, etc .
    Gomisin J
  • HY-B0877
    Halcinonide
    1 Publications Verification

    SQ-18566

    		 Smo Caspase RAR/RXR CDK Cardiovascular Disease Neurological Disease Inflammation/Immunology
    Halcinonide (SQ-18566) is an orally active Smoothened (Smo) agonist. Halcinonide activates the Hedgehog signaling pathway by binding to Smo and promoting its internalization and expression, thereby activating Gli transcription factors. Halcinonide not only stimulates cell proliferation, increases the expression of cyclin D2/CDK6 and inhibits the degradation of caspase-3, but also suppresses Bcl-2/Bax-mediated apoptosis, oxidative stress and inflammatory responses. Halcinonide activates RxRγ to upregulate the expression of myelin genes, thereby reducing cerebral infarction and improving behavioral deficits. Halcinonide has been used in studies related to multiple sclerosis and ischemic stroke .
    Halcinonide
  • HY-125864B
    Murine Fibrinogen

    		MMP Cadherin Cardiovascular Disease Neurological Disease
    Murine Fibrinogen is a native fibrinogen derived from mouse plasma. Murine Fibrinogen acts as a cerebrovascular permeability enhancer. Murine Fibrinogen activates matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), downregulates the expression of vascular endothelial cadherin (VE-cadherin), and upregulates the expression of plasmalemmal vesicle-associated protein-1 (PV-1). Murine Fibrinogen increases macromolecular leakage from pial veins, thereby disrupting the microvascular integrity of cerebral blood vessels. Murine Fibrinogen can be used in studies related to cerebrovascular dysfunction .
    Murine Fibrinogen
  • HY-N0392
    Polygalasaponin F

    		Toll-like Receptor (TLR) PI3K Akt NF-κB MDM-2/p53 Caspase MEK Bcl-2 Family p38 MAPK Mitophagy Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Apoptosis Calcium Channel Cardiovascular Disease Infection Neurological Disease
    Polygalasaponin F is an orally active triterpenoid saponin monomer. Polygalasaponin F downregulates the expression of Bax, p53, caspase-3, NF-κB p65 and MEK1; restores and upregulates the expression of Bcl-2; activates the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway; inhibits the phosphorylation of p38 MAPK, nuclear translocation of NF-κB, TLR4-mediated signaling pathway, mitophagy (Mitophagy) and ROS production; enhances cell viability and suppresses apoptosis (Apoptosis). Polygalasaponin F maintains mitochondrial function, alleviates Ca 2+ overload, upregulates pCREB and BDNF, preserves cell viability and inhibits the release of inflammatory cytokines. Polygalasaponin F alleviates lung injury induced by influenza A H1N1 and cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. Polygalasaponin F is applicable to researches related to Parkinson's disease, cerebral ischemia, pneumonia induced by influenza A H1N1, stroke and Alzheimer's disease .
    Polygalasaponin F
  • HY-P6442
    Chemerin15

    		Chemerin Receptor Syk ERK Src p38 MAPK P-selectin Cardiovascular Disease Neurological Disease Inflammation/Immunology
    Chemerin15 is an anti-inflammatory peptide derived from Chemerin. Chemerin15 binds to ChemR23. Chemerin15 inhibits TNFα-induced activation of Syk, ERK and Src kinases. Chemerin15 increases the expression of p-p38 mRNA and protein. Chemerin15 mediates phagocytosis, resolution of inflammation, CD62L shedding and downregulation of PSGL-1 expression in macrophages and microglia. Chemerin15 inhibits neutrophil-mediated vascular inflammation and myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury via ChemR23. Chemerin15 enhances microglial phagocytosis, thereby alleviating cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury .
    Chemerin15
  • HY-137683A
    Guanosine 5'-O-2-thiodiphosphate trisodium

    GDPβS trisodium

    		 Adenylate Cyclase Cardiovascular Disease
    Guanosine 5'-O-(2-thiodiphosphate) trisodium (GDPβS trisodium) is a non-hydrolyzable derivative of GDP. Guanosine 5'-O-(2-thiodiphosphate) trisodium acts as an inhibitor of adenylyl cyclase (AC) with a Ki value of 600 nM. In the absence of glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (GPT) in cerebral cortex membranes of rodent models, Guanosine 5'-O-(2-thiodiphosphate) trisodium partially activates AC with an EC50 of 400 nM. Guanosine 5'-O-(2-thiodiphosphate) trisodium prevents norepinephrine-induced nitric oxide release in ventricular myocytes .
    Guanosine 5'-O-2-thiodiphosphate trisodium
  • HY-N0695
    Schisantherin B
    1 Publications Verification

    Gomisin-B; Wuweizi ester-B; Schisantherin-B

    		 PI3K Akt mTOR GSK-3 Tau Protein TNF Receptor Interleukin Related Apoptosis Neurological Disease Inflammation/Immunology
    Schisantherin B (Gomisin-B) is a lignan compound and one of the active components of Schisandra chinensis. Schisantherin B activates the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, restores the activity of GSK3β, and reduces the hyperphosphorylation of tau protein in hippocampal and cerebral cortical tissues. Schisantherin B upregulates the level of GLT-1, decreases the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α/IL-1β/IL-6, upregulates the expression of IL-10, and inhibits cell apoptosis. Schisantherin B is applicable to the research of spinal cord injury, Alzheimer's disease and depression .
    Schisantherin B
  • HY-19820A
    NSC45586 sodium
    1 Publications Verification

    		 Akt Ser/Thr Protease Apoptosis MMP Cardiovascular Disease Neurological Disease Inflammation/Immunology
    NSC45586 sodium is an inhibitor of PHLPP. NSC45586 sodium targets the PP2C phosphatase domains of PHLPP1 and PHLPP2, blocks the phosphatase activity of PHLPP, increases the expression level of FOXO1 in the nucleus, and reduces the protein expression of PHLPP1. NSC45586 sodium activates the AKT survival signaling pathway, enhances IGF-1-induced AKT activation, and inhibits the phosphorylation of AKT/ERK under basal conditions. NSC45586 sodium reduces staurosporine-induced neuronal death, preserves notochord cell morphology and KRT19 expression, inhibits cell apoptosis (apoptosis), improves the viability and proliferation of nucleus pulposus cells, upregulates the expression of ACAN/SOX9, and downregulates the expression of MMP13. NSC45586 sodium binds tightly to bovine serum albumin (bovine serum albumin), and exerts a more significant effect on nucleus pulposus in male individuals. NSC45586 sodium can be used in studies related to global cerebral ischemia and intervertebral disc degeneration .
    NSC45586 sodium
  • HY-B0072
    Tropisetron
    4 Publications Verification

    SDZ-ICS-930 free base

    		 5-HT Receptor nAChR p38 MAPK NF-κB AP-1 Nuclear Factor of activated T Cells (NFAT) JAK Neurological Disease Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
    Tropisetron is an orally active 5-HT3R antagonist (Ki = 5.3 nM) as well as being a potent and selective α7 nicotinic partial agonist (EC50 = 1.3 μM). Tropisetron prevents phosphorylation and activation of the p38 MAPK. Tropisetron inhibits both IL-2 gene transcription and IL-2 synthesis in stimulated T cells. Tropisetron inhibits the binding to DNA and the transcriptional activity of NFAT and AP-1. Tropisetron is anti-inflammatory and antiemetic. Tropisetron has antitumor and neuroprotective effects. Tropisetron can be studied in research for diseases including hemorrhagic cystitis, chronic joint inflammation, lung cancer and chronic cerebral hypoperfusion .
    Tropisetron
  • HY-N3847
    Eriodictyol-7-O-glucoside

    Eriodictyol 7-O-β-D-glucoside

    		 Keap1-Nrf2 Neurological Disease
    Eriodictyol-7-O-glucoside (Eriodictyol 7-O-β-D-glucoside), a flavonoid, is an Nrf2 activator. Eriodictyol-7-O-glucoside exhibits significant scavenging effects on both hydroxyl radicals and superoxide anions, with IC50 values of 0.28 mM and 0.30 mM, respectively. Eriodictyol-7-O-glucoside increases the nuclear localization of Nrf2 and induces the expression of the Nrf2/ARE-dependent genes. Eriodictyol-7-O-glucoside provides protection against oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD)-induced oxidative insult. Eriodictyol-7-O-glucoside demonstrates neuroprotective efficacy in a rat model of focal cerebral ischemia (MCAO). Eriodictyol-7-O-glucoside can be used for the study of stroke .
    Eriodictyol-7-O-glucoside
  • HY-43521
    Ibrutinib-MPEA

    		Target Protein Ligand-Linker Conjugates Btk STAT Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
    Ibrutinib-MPEA is an orally active, blood-brain barrier permeable inhibitor of BTK and STAT5. As a derivative of Ibrutinib (HY-10997) conjugated with a PROTAC linker, Ibrutinib-MPEA allows the synthesis of a series of PROTAC molecules. Ibrutinib-MPEA significantly reduces the proliferation of neoplastic mast cells and primary mastocytoma cells by inducing apoptosis and inhibiting IgE-dependent histamine release. Ibrutinib-MPEA is applicable to the research of canine mast cell tumors, cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury in diabetic mice, and neuroinflammation-related diseases .
    Ibrutinib-MPEA
  • HY-101481
    Flurbiprofen axetil

    		COX Apoptosis MEK ERK PPAR AMPK NF-κB Interleukin Related TNF Receptor STAT Wnt Neurological Disease Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
    Flurbiprofen axetil is a non-selective COX inhibitor and a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agent with anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects. Flurbiprofen axetil inhibits basal-like breast cancer metastasis by inhibiting the MEK/ERK signaling pathway. Flurbiprofen axetil can promote neuroprotection after focal cerebral ischemia in rats by partially activating PPAR-γ. Flurbiprofen axetil alleviates cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury by reducing inflammation in a transient global cerebral ischemia/reperfusion rat model. Flurbiprofen axetil can alleviate inflammatory responses and cognitive function in a mild cognitive impairment (MCI) SD rat model through the AMPKα/NF-κB signaling pathway .
    Flurbiprofen axetil
  • HY-121833
    Gambogic amide

    		Trk Receptor Akt ERK Neurological Disease Cancer
    Gambogic amide is a potent and selective agonist of TrkA and also induces its tyrosine phosphorylation and activation of downstream signaling, including Akt and MAPK. Gambogic amide specifically interacts with the cytoplasmic juxtamembrane domain of the TrkA receptor and triggers its dimerization, leading to activation. Gambogic amide has neuroprotective activity preventing glutamate-induced neuronal cell death. Gambogic amide has improved efficacy in a transient middle cerebral artery occlusion model of stroke and could be used to study neurodegenerative diseases and stroke .
    Gambogic amide
  • HY-W010243
    Methylisothiazolinone hydrochloride

    		Bacterial MMP Apoptosis Fungal Infection Inflammation/Immunology
    Methylisothiazolinone hydrochloride is a bacterial and fungal inhibitor and preservative, as well as a sensitizer. Methylisothiazolinone hydrochloride can activate matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in human bronchial epithelial cells to induce apoptosis and inflammatory response. Methylisothiazolinone hydrochloride can promote the development of atopic dermatitis in mice by disrupting Th2/Th17 related immune responses. Methylisothiazolinone hydrochloride can cause mitochondrial damage in the endothelium of rat cerebral blood vessels .
    Methylisothiazolinone hydrochloride
  • HY-P6437A
    Drp1 peptide inhibitor P110 TFA

    		Dynamin Cardiovascular Disease Neurological Disease
    Drp1 peptide inhibitor P110 (Compound P110) TFA is a selective Drp1 peptide inhibitor with neuroprotective properties. Drp1 peptide inhibitor P110 TFA can inhibit the activation of Drp1, prevent MPTP (HY-15608)-induced Drp1 mitochondrial translocation, and alleviate MPTP-induced dopaminergic neuron loss, dopaminergic nerve terminal damage, and behavioral deficits, and can be used in the study of Alzheimer's disease. Additionally, Drp1 peptide inhibitor P110 TFA can reduce mitochondrial damage and organ injury in animal models of Huntington's disease, cerebral ischemic injury, and myocardial infarction .
    Drp1 peptide inhibitor P110 TFA
  • HY-N2282
    Zingiberen newsaponin

    Zingiberensis newsaponin

    		 Aldose Reductase JAK STAT Autophagy Apoptosis NF-κB SOD Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Cardiovascular Disease Neurological Disease Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
    Zingiberen Newsaponin (Zingiberensis newsaponin) is an orally active type of steroid saponin compound. Zingiberen Newsaponin exerts anti-hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) effects by inhibiting autophagy and the AKR1C1/JAK2/STAT3 pathway. Zingiberen Newsaponin activates oxidative stress (upregulates ROS and MDA) and mitochondrial pathways, promoting cancer cell apoptosis. Zingiberen Newsaponin alleviates cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury by decreasing the concentration of pro-inflammatory cytokines and inhibits NF-κB. Zingiberen Newsaponin can enhance the activity of SOD, eliminate free radicals and protect nerve cells. Zingiberen Newsaponin induces platelet aggregation .
    Zingiberen newsaponin
  • HY-N1910
    4'-O-Methylbavachalcone
    4 Publications Verification

    		 SARS-CoV Virus Protease Succinate Receptor 1 ERK Infection Neurological Disease
    4'-O-Methylbavachalcone is an orally active prenylated flavonoid that inhibits the activity of SARS-CoV papain-like protease (PLpro), with an IC50 of 10.1 μM and a Ki of 4.6 μM. 4'-O-Methylbavachalcone inhibits poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-mediated cell death (parthanatos), reduces cerebral infarct volume, binds to the orthosteric site of SUCNR1, blocks the interaction between succinate and SUCNR1, inhibits SUCNR1 activity, blocks the nuclear translocation of NFATc4, suppresses the activation of the ERK1/2 signaling pathway, inhibits cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and restores the expression of α-actinin. 4'-O-Methylbavachalcone can be used in studies related to ischemic stroke, SARS-CoV and cardiomyocyte hypertrophy .
    4'-O-Methylbavachalcone
  • HY-N4246
    Bacopaside I

    		Aquaporin PKC Akt PI3K Apoptosis Monoamine Oxidase Pregnane X Receptor (PXR) Cardiovascular Disease Neurological Disease Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
    Bacopaside I is an orally active aquaporin AQP1 inhibitor and PKC modulator with neuroprotective and anticancer activities. Bacopaside I specifically blocks the water channel and cGMP-gated ion channel activities of AQP1 without affecting AQP4, thereby inhibiting the migration of colon cancer cells expressing AQP1. Bacopaside I activates the Akt pathway by interacting with PI3K, specifically inhibits MAO-A, effectively alleviates neuron necrosis and apoptosis induced by oxygen-glucose deprivation, reduces oxidative stress, and regulates the surface expression of neuroreceptors. When combined with Bacopaside II (HY-N6016), Bacopaside I significantly reduces the viability, proliferation and invasion ability of breast cancer cells, and binds to the pregnane X receptor (PXR). Bacopaside I is applicable to the research of colon cancer, breast cancer, vascular dementia, cerebral ischemia and other related diseases .
    Bacopaside I
  • HY-N8249
    Cynandione A

    		nAChR Interleukin Related Inflammation/Immunology
    Cynandione A is an acetophenone that can be isolated from Cynanchum Wilfordii Radix. Cynandione A protects hepatocytes and cortical neurons from toxicity and improves neurological deficits in a rat model of cerebral ischemia. On the other hand, cynandione A has significant anti-inflammatory effects and inhibits inflammation by activating macrophage α7 nAChR and IL-10 expression .
    Cynandione A
  • HY-N2045
    Musk ketone
    1 Publications Verification

    		 Environmental Pollutants Apoptosis Akt Cytochrome P450 PI3K Neurological Disease
    Musk ketone is a widely used artificial fragrance. Musk ketone is also a cytochrome P450 enzyme inducer. Musk ketone shows mutagenic and comutagenic effects in Hep G2 cells and induces neural stem cell proliferation and differentiation in cerebral ischemia via activation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. In the brain, musk ketone is neuroprotective against stroke injury through inhibition of cell apoptosis .
    Musk ketone
  • HY-P6437
    Drp1 peptide inhibitor P110

    		Dynamin Cardiovascular Disease Neurological Disease
    Drp1 peptide inhibitor P110 (Compound P110) is a selective Drp1 peptide inhibitor with neuroprotective properties. Drp1 peptide inhibitor P110 can inhibit the activation of Drp1, prevent MPTP-induced Drp1 mitochondrial translocation, and alleviate MPTP-induced dopaminergic neuron loss, dopaminergic nerve terminal damage, and behavioral deficits, and can be used in the study of Alzheimer's disease. Additionally, Drp1 peptide inhibitor P110 can reduce mitochondrial damage and organ injury in animal models of Huntington's disease, cerebral ischemic injury, and myocardial infarction .
    Drp1 peptide inhibitor P110
  • HY-101318
    β-Funaltrexamine hydrochloride
    2 Publications Verification

    β-FNA hydrochloride

    		 Opioid Receptor p38 MAPK STAT NF-κB NO Synthase Toll-like Receptor (TLR) Cardiovascular Disease Neurological Disease
    β-Funaltrexamine (β-FNA) hydrochloride is a blood-brain barrier-permeable, selective and irreversible μ-opioid receptor antagonist with immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective activities. β-Funaltrexamine hydrochloride inhibits p38 MAPK and TLR4 signaling by blocking μ-opioid receptors, and reduces the transcriptional activities of NF-κB, AP-1, CREB and Stat. Furthermore, β-Funaltrexamine hydrochloride inhibits iNOS activation and pro-inflammatory microglial polarization, converting microglia to an anti-inflammatory phenotype, thereby downregulating neuroinflammation and ameliorating neuronal degeneration. β-Funaltrexamine hydrochloride is widely applicable to research related to stroke, cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury and neurodegenerative diseases .
    β-Funaltrexamine hydrochloride
  • HY-103435
    Vialinin A
    2 Publications Verification

    Terrestrin A

    		 Deubiquitinase TNF Receptor E1/E2/E3 Enzyme Keap1-Nrf2 Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
    Vialinin A (Terrestrin A) is a p-terphenyl compound that can be derived from a Chinese edible mushroom. Vialinin A is an inhibitor of ubiquitin-specific peptidase 4 (USP4) and has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Vialinin A can alleviate cerebral ischaemia-reperfusion injury-induced neurological deficits and neuronal apoptosis. Vialinin A promotes activation of Keap1-Nrf2-ARE signaling pathway and increases the protein degradation of Keap1. Vialinin A possesses various pharmacological activities in cancer, Kawasaki disease, asthma, and pathological scarring. Vialinin A is a potent inhibitor of TNF-α, USP4, USP5, and sentrin/SUMO-specific protease 1 (SENP1). Vialinin A can be studied in reseach for autoimmune diseases, cancer and ischaemic stroke .
    Vialinin A
  • HY-N0853A
    Alisol A 24-acetate
    1 Publications Verification

    Alisol A 24-monoacetate; Alisol A monoacetate

    		 AMPK Carnitine Palmitoyltransferase (CPT) Acyltransferase Fatty Acid Synthase (FASN) Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase Bcl-2 Family PPAR Nuclear Factor of activated T Cells (NFAT) PI3K Akt PKA ERK Apoptosis Autophagy Cardiovascular Disease Infection Neurological Disease Metabolic Disease Endocrinology
    Alisol A 24-acetate (Alisol A monoacetate) is an orally active derivative of protostane-type tetracyclic triterpenoid. Alisol A 24-acetate upregulates the expression of adiponectin, AMPKα, CPT1, and ACOX1; downregulates the expression of SREBP-1c, ACC, FAS, Bcl-2, Bcl-xl, PPAR-γ, perilipin A, and NFATc1; inhibits the activity of PI3K/Akt/mTOR and HMGR; and activates the PKA and ERK signaling pathways. Alisol A 24-acetate regulates cell apoptosis (apoptosis), autophagy (Autophagy, hepatic lipid accumulation, inflammatory response, neuroprotection, MRSA membrane integrity, and osteoclast differentiation. Alisol A 24-acetate can be used in research related to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, nephrotoxicity, obesity, global cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury, bacterial infection, and osteoporosis .
    Alisol A 24-acetate
  • HY-143333
    Nrf2 activator-3
    1 Publications Verification

    		 Keap1-Nrf2 Neurological Disease Inflammation/Immunology
    Nrf2 activator-3 is a potent Nrf2 activator. Nrf2 activator-3 is used for cerebral ischemic injury research .
    Nrf2 activator-3
  • HY-123669
    R-138727

    		P2Y Receptor Drug Metabolite Cardiovascular Disease
    R-138727, the major active metabolite of Prasugrel (HY-15284), is a highly potent and selective irreversible antagonist of the P2Y12 receptor, with an IC50 of 2.5 μM. R-138727 covalently binds to the P2Y12 receptor on the platelet surface, blocking adenosine diphosphate-mediated platelet activation and aggregation. R-138727 can be used to study stroke, cerebral infarction and neurological deficits.
    R-138727
  • HY-W010243S
    Methylisothiazolinone-d3 hydrochloride

    		Isotope-Labeled Compounds Bacterial MMP Apoptosis Fungal Infection Inflammation/Immunology
    Methylisothiazolinone-d3 hydrochloride is the deuterium labeled Methylisothiazolinone hydrochloride (HY-W010243). Methylisothiazolinone hydrochloride is a bacterial and fungal inhibitor and preservative, as well as a sensitizer. Methylisothiazolinone hydrochloride can activate matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in human bronchial epithelial cells to induce apoptosis and inflammatory response. Methylisothiazolinone hydrochloride can promote the development of atopic dermatitis in mice by disrupting Th2/Th17 related immune responses. Methylisothiazolinone hydrochloride can cause mitochondrial damage in the endothelium of rat cerebral blood vessels .
    Methylisothiazolinone-d3 hydrochloride
  • HY-12761
    A-836339

    		Cannabinoid Receptor Cardiovascular Disease Others Neurological Disease Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
    A-836339 is a selective CB2 receptor agonist, with Ki values of 0.4 nM and 0.8 nM in humans and rats, respectively. A-836339 exhibits multiple effects such as analgesia, gastric protection, anti-inflammation, and antioxidant activity. A-836339 produces antinociceptive and analgesic activities by activating CB2 receptors in the dorsal root ganglia and spinal cord. A-836339 can also exert gastric protective effects through anti-inflammatory mechanisms (reducing TNF-α and IL-1β) and antioxidant mechanisms (enhancing the activities of CAT and SOD, and reducing H2O2). Radioactively labeled A-836339 can serve as a CB2-specific radioligand for autoradiography and PET imaging. A-836339 can be used in research on inflammatory pain, neuropathic pain, gastric ulcers, cerebral ischemia, etc .
    A-836339
  • HY-14536R
    Methylene Blue (Standard)

    Basic Blue 9 (Standard); CI-52015 (Standard); Methylthioninium chloride (Standard)

    		 Reference Standards Guanylate Cyclase Monoamine Oxidase NO Synthase Microtubule/Tubulin Infection Neurological Disease Cancer
    Methylene Blue (Standard) is the analytical standard of Methylene Blue. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Methylene blue (Basic Blue 9) is a guanylyl cyclase (sGC), monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A) and NO synthase (NOS) inhibitor. Methylene blue is a vasopressor and is often used as a dye in several medical procedures. Methylene blue through the nitric oxide syntase/guanylate cyclase signalling pathway to reduce prepulse inhibition. Methylene blue is a REDOX cycling compound and able to cross the blood-brain barrier. Methylene blue is a Tau aggregation inhibitor. Methylene blue reduces cerebral edema, attenuated microglial activation and reduced neuroinflammation .
    Methylene Blue (Standard)
  • HY-N0408R
    Picroside II (Standard)

    		Reference Standards NF-κB Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Apoptosis Influenza Virus Infection Neurological Disease Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
    Picroside II (Standard) is the analytical standard of Picroside II. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Picroside II, an iridoid compound extracted from Picrorhiza, exhibits anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic activities. picroside II alleviates the inflammatory response in sepsis and enhances immune function by inhibiting the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome and NF-κB pathways . Picroside II is an antioxidant, exhibits a significant neuroprotective effect through reducing ROS production and protects the blood-brain barrier (BBB) after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (CI/R) injury. Picroside II has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immune regulatory, anti-virus and other pharmacological activities .
    Picroside II (Standard)
  • HY-113402R
    Gamma-glutamylcysteine (Standard)

    γ-Glu-Cys (Standard)

    		 Reference Standards Endogenous Metabolite Interleukin Related TNF Receptor AMPK Sirtuin STAT PI3K NF-κB JAK p38 MAPK JNK Akt Apoptosis Ferroptosis Inflammation/Immunology
    Gamma-glutamylcysteine (Standard) is the analytical standard of Gamma-glutamylcysteine. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Gamma-glutamylcysteine (γ-Glu-Cys) is an orally active, blood-brain barrier permeable dipeptide . Gamma-glutamylcysteine activates AMPK, SIRT1, IL-4/STAT6, AC/cAMP/PI3K, IGF-1R/IRS1/PI3K, and Nrf2 signaling pathways; it inhibits NF-κB, JAK1/STAT1/3, MAPKs, cadmium-induced p38 MAPK, JNK, and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways. Gamma-glutamylcysteine regulates macrophage polarization, modulates the trafficking of CD36 and GLUT4, induces glutathione synthesis, improves metabolic dysfunction, reduces lipid deposition, ameliorates glucose homeostasis, inhibits apoptosis (Apoptosis), stabilizes mitochondria, suppresses lipid peroxidation, iron accumulation and ferroptosis (Ferroptosis), reduces ds-HMGB1 levels, reverses mechanical hyperalgesia, and alleviates hepatic lipid droplet formation. Gamma-glutamylcysteine is applicable to research related to inflammatory bowel disease, type 2 diabetes, cadmium-induced neurotoxicity, Alzheimer's disease, cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury, neuropathy, and alcoholic liver disease.
    Gamma-glutamylcysteine (Standard)

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