Microbial Metabolite Standards

Kuromanin (chloride) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Kuromanin (chloride). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Kuromanin chloride (Chrysontemin) is derived from mulberry leaves and has the effect of increasing blood sugar concentration and maintaining lipid metabolism balance to reduce obesity. Kuromanin chloride can inhibit CD38 enzymatic activities.

L-Lysine hydrochloride (Standard) is the analytical standard of L-Lysine hydrochloride. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. L-lysine hydrochloride is an essential amino acid for humans with various benefits including treating herpes, increasing calcium absorption, reducing diabetes-related illnesses and improving gut health.

D-(-)-Quinic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of D-(-)-Quinic acid. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. D-(-)-Quinic acid scavenges hydrogen peroxide (IC₅₀=87.11 μg/mL) and exhibits antioxidant activity. D-(-)-Quinic acid is the inhibitor for MAO and α-Glucosidase (IC₅₀ =93.75 μg/mL). D-(-)-Quinic acid is orally active.

Engeletin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Engeletin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Engeletin is a flavanonol glycoside isolated from Smilax glabra Roxb. , inhibits NF-κB signaling-pathway activation, and possesses anti-inflammatory, analgesic, diuresis, detumescence, and antibiosis effects.

Caftaric acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of Caftaric acid. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Caftaric acid is a natural compound.

Isoliquiritigenin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Isoliquiritigenin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Isoliquiritigenin is an anti-tumor flavonoid from the root of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch., which inhibits aldose reductase with an IC50 of 320 nM. Isoliquiritigenin is a potent inhibitor of influenza virus replication with an EC50 of 24.7 μM.

Thiamine nitrate (Standard) is the analytical standard of Thiamine nitrate. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Thiamine nitrate is an essential vitamin which can enhance normal neuronal actives.

Josamycin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Josamycin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Josamycin (EN-141) is an orally active macrolide antibiotic exhibiting antimicrobial activity against a wide spectrum of pathogens, such as bacteria. The dissociation constant Kd from ribosome for Josamycin is 5.5 nM.

Lincomycin (U-10149) hydrochloride monohydrate (Standard) is the analytical standard of Lincomycin hydrochloride monohydrate (HY-B1358). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Lincomycin hydrochloride monohydrate is an orally active lincosamide antibiotic. Lincomycin hydrochloride monohydrate binds to the ribosomes of Gram-positive bacteria to inhibit protein synthesis. Lincomycin hydrochloride monohydrate can inhibit chloroplast translation, disrupt chloroplast integrity, and activate chloroplast-to-nucleus retrograde signaling in Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings. Lincomycin hydrochloride monohydrate induces alterations in lipid profiles and liver injury, disrupts blood glucose and insulin levels, and increases growth rate in mice.

Aceglutamide (α-N-Acetyl-L-glutamine; N2-Acetylglutamine) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Aceglutamide (HY-B1065). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Aceglutamide (α-N-Acetyl-L-glutamine; N2-Acetylglutamine) is a neuroprotectant that can penetrate the blood-brain barrier. Aceglutamide can enhance the antioxidant systems of glutathione (GSH), thioredoxin (Trx) and Nrf2. Aceglutamide also inhibits ASK1 and TRAF1, activates the Akt/Bcl-2 anti-apoptotic pathway, enhances the activity of antioxidant enzymes and reduces oxidative damage. Aceglutamide can improve neurological deficits after cerebral ischemia, reduce infarct volume, and inhibit neuronal apoptosis, especially substantia nigra dopaminergic neurons. Aceglutamide can reduce cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury, improve motor dysfunction, and is used in ischemic stroke-related research.

Mupirocin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Mupirocin (HY-B0958). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Mupirocin is an antibiotic. Mupirocin inhibits bacterial isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase, blocking protein synthesis. Mupirocin has high activity against Gram-positive bacteria such as Staphylococcus and Streptococcus, as well as some Gram-negative bacteria (such as Haemophilus influenzae). Mupirocin can be used in the research of diseases such as skin infections (such as MRSA infections) and chronic sinusitis.

Erythromycin Ethylsuccinate (Standard) is the analytical standard of Erythromycin Ethylsuccinate. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Erythromycin Ethylsuccinate is an antibiotic useful for the treatment of a number of bacterial infections, has an antimicrobial spectrum similar to or slightly wider than that of penicillin. Erythromycin Ethylsuccinate has antiviral activity against HIV-1.

Anethole (Standard) is the analytical standard of Anethole. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Anethole is a type of orally active aromatic compound that is widely found in nature and used as a flavoring agent. Anethole possesses anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal, anesthetic, estrogenic, central nervous system depressant, hypnotic, insecticidal, and gastroprotective effects. Anethole can be used in the study of oxidative stress-related skin diseases and prostate cancer.

Salicylamide (Standard) is the analytical standard of Salicylamide. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Salicylamide is an inhibitor of microsomal UDP-glucuronosyltransferase. Salicylamide is an analgesic and anti-pyretic agent.

Tylosin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Tylosin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Tylosin (Tylosin A) is a macrolide antibiotic found naturally as a fermentation product of Streptomyces fradiae. Tylosin exerts potent antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria. Tylosin is widely used as a feed additive for promoting animal growth. Tylosin is used for veterinary purposes against bacterial dysentery and respiratory diseases in poultry, pigs and cattle.

Ornidazole (Standard) is the analytical standard of Ornidazole. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Ornidazole (Ro 7-0207) is a nitroimidazole derivative with anti-trichomonad activity and in vitro activity against a variety of anaerobic bacteria. Ornidazole inhibits Sonic hedgehog (Shh) signaling pathway, exhibits antitumor activity. Ornidazole can be used in research of Crohn’s disease.

Penicillamine (Standard) is the analytical standard of Penicillamine. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Penicillamine (D-(-)-Penicillamine) is a penicillin metabolic degradation product, can be used as a heavy metal chelator. Penicillamine increases free copper and increases oxidative stress. Penicillamine has effect of seizures through nitric oxide/NMDA pathways. Penicillamine is a potential immune modulator. Penicillamine can be used for the research of Wilson disease, rheumatoid arthritis, and cystinuria.

Oxytetracycline (dihydrate) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Oxytetracycline (dihydrate). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Oxytetracycline dihydrate is an antibiotic belonging to the tetracycline class. Oxytetracycline dihydrate potent inhibits Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. Oxytetracycline dihydrate is a protein synthesis inhibitor and prevents the binding from aminoacil-tRNA to the complex m-ribosomal RNA. Oxytetracycline dihydrate also possesses anti-HSV-1 activity.

Sodium Salicylate (Standard) is the analytical standard of Sodium Salicylate. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Sodium Salicylate (Salicylic acid sodium salt) inhibits cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX-2) activity independently of transcription factor (NF-κB) activation. Sodium Salicylate is also a S6K inhibitor.Sodium Salicylate is a NF-κB inhibitor that decreases inflammatory gene expression and improves repair in aged muscle.

L-Ascorbic acid (sodium salt) (Standard) is the analytical standard of L-Ascorbic acid (sodium salt). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. L-Ascorbic acid sodium salt (Sodium ascorbate), an electron donor, is an endogenous antioxidant agent. L-Ascorbic acid sodium salt selectively inhibits Cav3.2 channels with an IC50 of 6.5 μM. L-Ascorbic acid sodium salt is also a collagen deposition enhancer and an elastogenesis inhibitor.