Cat. No.: HY-100881

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TUG-891

14 Cited Publications

Customer Review

Based on 14 publication(s) in Google Scholar

TUG-891 is a potent and selective agonist for the long chain free fatty acid (LCFA) receptor 4 (FFA4/GPR120).

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

Purity: 99.47%
CAS No.: 1374516-07-0
Formula: C₂₃H₂₁FO₃
Molecular Weight:364.41

Storage:

Powder -20°C, 3 years , 4°C, 2 years ; In solvent -80°C, 2 years , -20°C, 1 year

TUG-891 Chemical Structure

CAS No.: 1374516-07-0

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Top Publications Citing

Use of MCE Products

Fluorescent Dye

Strong Fluorescence Signal / Multi-Disciplinary Applications / High Fluorescence Specificity

Biological Activity
- Description
- In Vitro
Chemical Information
Publications (14)
Solvent & Solubility
- In Vitro
- In Vivo
Purity & Documentation
References
Help & FAQs
Classifications
Bioz

Biological Activity

Description

TUG-891 is a potent and selective agonist for the long chain free fatty acid (LCFA) receptor 4 (FFA4/GPR120)^[1].

All Free Fatty Acid Receptor Isoforms :

In Vitro

TUG-891 displays similar signaling properties to the LCFA α-linolenic acid at human FFA4, including stimulation of Ca²⁺ mobilization, β-arrestin-1 and β-arrestin-2 recruitment, and extracellular signal-regulated kinase phosphorylation. Activation of human FFA4 by TUG-891 also results in rapid phosphorylation and internalization of the receptor^[1].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Chemical Information

CAS No. 1374516-07-0
Appearance Solid
Molecular Weight 364.41
Formula C₂₃H₂₁FO₃
Color White to off-white
SMILES

O=C(O)CCC1=CC=C(OCC2=CC(F)=CC=C2C3=CC=C(C)C=C3)C=C1
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

Storage

Powder	-20°C	3 years
	4°C	2 years
In solvent	-80°C	2 years
	-20°C	1 year

Publications (14)

All Histological Imaging/StainingELISAWBIFCell Proliferation/Viability Assay

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Journal Impact Factor

MedComm (2020)

Phytosphingosine Alleviates Cigarette Smoke-Induced Bronchial Epithelial Cell Senescence in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease by Targeting the Free Fatty Acid Receptor 4. [Abstract]

2025 Aug 29;6(9):e70345. PMID: 40895192

TUG-891 purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: MedComm (2020). 2025 Aug 29;6(9):e70345. [Abstract]

H&E staining indicated the alleviating effect of Ffar4 on CS‐induced emphysema, with reduced lung destruction and lower MLI in Ffar4‐overexpressing mice and TUG891 (35 mg/kg, p.o.)‐treated mice compared to the CS group.

TUG-891 purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: MedComm (2020). 2025 Aug 29;6(9):e70345. [Abstract]

ELISA analysis of BALF supernatant demonstrated markedly reduced levels of proinflammatory factors IL‐6, KC, and IL‐1β in the AAV‐Ffar4+CS group and AAV‐NC+CS+TUG891 (35 mg/kg, p.o.) group.

TUG-891 purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: MedComm (2020). 2025 Aug 29;6(9):e70345. [Abstract]

Senescent markers including p53, p21, and p‐Rb were notably downregulated in the AAV‐Ffar4+CS and AAV‐NC+CS+TUG891 (35 mg/kg, p.o.) groups compared to the AAV‐NC+CS group.

TUG-891 purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: MedComm (2020). 2025 Aug 29;6(9):e70345. [Abstract]

Immunofluorescence results also indicated a significant decrease in P53 and P21 levels in the airway epithelium of the AAV‐Ffar4+CS and AAV‐NC+CS+TUG891 (35 mg/kg, p.o.) groups compared to the AAV‐NC+CS group.

TUG-891 purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: MedComm (2020). 2025 Aug 29;6(9):e70345. [Abstract]

CCK8 results of TUG891 (0., 2.5, 5, 10, 20 μM) with different concentrations in HBE cells for 1 or 24 h.
Int J Biol Macromol

Double knockout of FFAR4 and FGF21 aggravates metabolic disorders in mice. [Abstract]

2023 Dec 31;253(Pt 1):126553. PMID: 37657572
Neurotherapeutics

The GPR120 agonist TUG-891 mitigates ischemic brain injury by attenuating endoplasmic reticulum stress and apoptosis via the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. [Abstract]

2025 Sep 6:e00735. PMID: 40915963
Neural Regen Res

TUG-891 inhibits neuronal endoplasmic reticulum stress and pyroptosis activation and protects neurons in a mouse model of intraventricular hemorrhage. [Abstract]

2023 Oct;18(10):2278-2284. PMID: 37056148
Front Immunol

Regulation of Free Fatty Acid Receptor 4 on Inflammatory Gene Induced by LPS in Large Yellow Croaker ( Larimichthys crocea). [Abstract]

2021 Jun 10:12:703914. PMID: 34177969
Biochem Pharmacol

Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids alleviate hyperuricemic nephropathy by inhibiting renal pyroptosis through GPR120. [Abstract]

2024 Dec;230(Pt 1):116575. PMID: 39396646
J Nutr Biochem

A natural small molecule pinocembrin resists high-fat diet-induced obesity through GPR120-ERK1/2 pathway. [Abstract]

2025 Jan:135:109772. PMID: 39313008
Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol

Label-free cell phenotypic profiling of sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 and discovery of its agonist from natural products. [Abstract]

2026 May 29. PMID: 42209736
Animals (Basel)

Divergent Regulation of Mammary Lipogenesis by trans-10, cis-12 and cis-9, trans-11 CLA Isomers Is Determined by Receptor-Specific Signaling. [Abstract]

2025 Nov 26;15(23):3418. PMID: 41375476
Anticancer Drugs

Activation of the caspase-1/gasdermin D pathway via α-linolenic acid-mediated GPR120 signaling induces pyroptosis and suppresses ovarian cancer tumor growth. [Abstract]

2025 Nov 5. PMID: 41191783
Biochem Biophys Res Commun

FFAR-mediated signaling drives migration of pancreatic cancer cells in hypoxic fibroblast co-cultures. [Abstract]

2024 Jun 27:727:150322. PMID: 38945064
Biomed Chromatogr

Simultaneous determination of TUG-891 and its metabolites in rat plasma using LC-HRMS with application to preclinical pharmacokinetic study. [Abstract]

2020 Sep;34(9):e4870. PMID: 32346871
Research Square Print

2022 May.
Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom

Characterization of the metabolites of TUG-891 in rat, dog, and human hepatocytes using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. [Abstract]

2020 Jun 15;34(11):e8766. PMID: 32108961

Solvent & Solubility

In Vitro:

DMSO : ≥ 180 mg/mL (493.95 mM; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

* "≥" means soluble, but saturation unknown.

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Preparing Stock Solutions

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Concentration Solvent Mass

1 mg

5 mg

10 mg

Concentration

Solvent

Mass

1 mM

2.7442 mL

13.7208 mL

27.4416 mL

5 mM

0.5488 mL

2.7442 mL

5.4883 mL

10 mM

0.2744 mL

1.3721 mL

2.7442 mL

Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.

Molarity Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Mass Mass

Concentration Concentration

Volume Volume

Molecular Weight Molecular Weight

Dilution Calculator

Concentration _(start) × Volume _(start) = Concentration _(final) × Volume _(final)

Concentration _(start) Concentration _(start)

Volume _(start) Volume _(start)

Concentration _(final) Concentration _(final)

Volume _(final) Volume _(final)

In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

Stock Solution Working Solution

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

Protocol 1

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% Saline

Solubility: 5.26 mg/mL (14.43 mM); Suspended solution; Need ultrasonic

Protocol 2

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline

Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (6.86 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

Protocol 3

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (6.86 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

Protocol 4

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% Corn Oil

Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (6.86 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown). If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL Corn oil, and mix evenly.

In Vivo Dissolution Calculator

Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage Dosage
mg/kg
Animal Weight (Per Animal) Animal Weight (Per Animal)
g
Dosing Volume (Per Animal) Dosing Volume (Per Animal)
μL
Number of Animals Number of Animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Please enter your animal formula composition:

%
DMSO +

Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
%
+
+
%
Tween-80 + +
%
Saline +

The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).

Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL

Purity & Documentation

Select Batch:

Purity: 99.98%

Assay: 99.98%

ee.: 99.98%

Data Sheet (273 KB)
SDS (396 KB)
- English - EN (396 KB)
- Français - FR (396 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (396 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (396 KB)
- Español - ES (396 KB)
- Swedish - SV (396 KB)
- Italian - IT (396 KB)
- Korean - KR (396 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (396 KB)
COA (2659 KB)
Elemental Analysis Report (2659 KB)
HNMR (2659 KB)
CNMR (2659 KB)
RP-HPLC (2659 KB)
NP-HPLC (2659 KB)
MS (2659 KB)
LCMS (2659 KB)
IR (2659 KB)
GC (2659 KB)
OR (2659 KB)
SDS-PAGE (2659 KB)
SEC-HPLC (2659 KB)
Other Report (2659 KB)
Handling Instructions (2659 KB)

References

[1]. Hudson BD, et al. The pharmacology of TUG-891, a potent and selective agonist of the free fatty acid receptor 4 (FFA4/GPR120), demonstrates both potential opportunity and possible challenges to therapeutic agonism. Mol Pharmacol. 2013 Nov;84(5):710-25 [Content Brief]

Help & FAQs

How should lyophilized recombinant proteins be reconstituted and stored?

1. Before opening the cap, centrifuge the vial at 13000 rpm for 20-30 seconds. This step will ensure that any lyophilized powder that may have adhered to the cap or walls is collected at the bottom of the vial, minimizing the risk of product loss.

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.

Optional Solvent	Concentration Solvent Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg	25 mg
DMSO	1 mM	2.7442 mL	13.7208 mL	27.4416 mL	68.6040 mL
	5 mM	0.5488 mL	2.7442 mL	5.4883 mL	13.7208 mL
	10 mM	0.2744 mL	1.3721 mL	2.7442 mL	6.8604 mL
	15 mM	0.1829 mL	0.9147 mL	1.8294 mL	4.5736 mL
	20 mM	0.1372 mL	0.6860 mL	1.3721 mL	3.4302 mL
	25 mM	0.1098 mL	0.5488 mL	1.0977 mL	2.7442 mL
	30 mM	0.0915 mL	0.4574 mL	0.9147 mL	2.2868 mL
	40 mM	0.0686 mL	0.3430 mL	0.6860 mL	1.7151 mL
	50 mM	0.0549 mL	0.2744 mL	0.5488 mL	1.3721 mL
	60 mM	0.0457 mL	0.2287 mL	0.4574 mL	1.1434 mL
	80 mM	0.0343 mL	0.1715 mL	0.3430 mL	0.8576 mL
	100 mM	0.0274 mL	0.1372 mL	0.2744 mL	0.6860 mL

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TUG-891

GPCR/G Protein Compound Library

Human Metabolite Library

Membrane Protein-targeted Compound Library

Membrane Receptor-targeted Compound Library

Highly Selective Activators Library

Bioactive Compound Library Max

MCE Bioactive Compound Library

Bioactive Compound Library

High-Throughput Bioactive Compound Library

Mass Spectrometry Human Metabolite Library

Lactylation Compound Library

Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) TUG-891

All Free Fatty Acid Receptor Isoforms

Biological Activity

Chemical Information

Publications (14)

Solvent & Solubility

Purity & Documentation

References

Help & FAQs

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

TUG-891

GPCR/G Protein Compound Library

Human Metabolite Library

Membrane Protein-targeted Compound Library

Membrane Receptor-targeted Compound Library

Highly Selective Activators Library

Bioactive Compound Library Max

MCE Bioactive Compound Library

Bioactive Compound Library

High-Throughput Bioactive Compound Library

Mass Spectrometry Human Metabolite Library

Lactylation Compound Library

Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) TUG-891

All Free Fatty Acid Receptor Isoforms

Biological Activity

Chemical Information

Publications (14)

Solvent & Solubility

Purity & Documentation

References

Help & FAQs

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

TUG-891 Related Classifications

HY-100881 Related Classifications