Calcium Channel Inducer

PACAP (1-38), human, ovine, rat is a PAC₁ receptor agonist. PACAP (1-38), human, ovine, rat binds to PACAP type I receptor, PACAP type II receptor VIP1, and PACAP type II receptor VIP2 with IC₅₀s of 4 nM, 2 nM, and 1 nM, respectively. PACAP (1-38), human, ovine, rat increases the α-secretase activity. PACAP (1-38), human, ovine, rat elevates cytosolic Ca²⁺, increases proliferation and increases phosphorylation of extracellular regulates kinase (ERK) and the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). PACAP (1-38), human, ovine, rat demonstrates potent, efficacious, and sustained stimulatory effects on sympathetic neuronal NPY and catecholamine production. PACAP (1-38), human, ovine, rat can be used for neurotrophic and neuroprotective research.

(±)-Abscisic acid is an orally active plant hormone that is present also in animals. (±)-Abscisic acid (ABA) contributes to the regulation of glycemia in mammals.

Recoflavone (DA-6034 (free acid)), a synthetic derivative of the flavonoid Eupatilin (HY-N0783), is orally active. Recoflavone can inhibit the NF-κB pathway and induce [Ca(²⁺)]_i increase in epithelial cells. Recoflavone exhibits activities such as anti-inflammation, anti-tumor effects, protection of gastric and intestinal mucosa, and promotion of secretion in the ocular surface and salivary glands. Recoflavone can be used for the research of diseases such as dry eye, gastric injury, and intestinal injury.

Leukotriene E4-d₅ (LTE4-d₅) is the d-₅-labeled Leukotriene E4 (HY-113465). Leukotriene E4 is a stable final metabolite of cysteinyl leukotrienes, produced by immune cells such as mast cells and eosinophils. Leukotriene E4 serves as a key biomarker for evaluating asthma severity, Aspirin (HY-14654) sensitivity, and mast cell activation disorders. Leukotriene E4 is a full functional agonist of CysLT₁R, which induces sustained intracellular calcium mobilization and Erk phosphorylation. Leukotriene E4 mediates inflammation in a P2Y₁₂ receptor-dependent manner. Leukotriene E4 can be used in the research of asthma and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug-exacerbated respiratory diseases.

Nurr1 agonist 14 (Compound 32) is a Nurr1 agonist with an EC₅₀ of 0.09  μM for Nurr1. Nurr1 agonist 14 has significant neuroprotective activity with no influence of residual DHODH inhibition. Nurr1 agonist 14 upregulates neuroprotective genes including SOD2, SESN3, BIRC5, XIAP, FLRT2 and CRMP4 in dopaminergic neurons. Nurr1 agonist 14 can be used for neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer′s disease (AD), Parkinson′s disease (PD) and multiple sclerosis (MS) research.

PACAP (1-38), human, ovine, rat TFA is a PAC₁ receptor agonist. PACAP (1-38), human, ovine, rat TFA binds to PACAP type I receptor, PACAP type II receptor VIP1, and PACAP type II receptor VIP2 with IC₅₀s of 4 nM, 2 nM, and 1 nM, respectively. PACAP (1-38), human, ovine, rat TFA increases the α-secretase activity. PACAP (1-38), human, ovine, rat TFA elevates cytosolic Ca²⁺, increases proliferation and increases phosphorylation of extracellular regulates kinase (ERK) and the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). PACAP (1-38), human, ovine, rat TFA demonstrates potent, efficacious, and sustained stimulatory effects on sympathetic neuronal NPY and catecholamine production. PACAP (1-38), human, ovine, rat TFA can be used for neurotrophic and neuroprotective research.

GIP (22-51) human (Glucose-dependent Insulinotropic Peptide (22-51) human) is a potent proatherosclerotic peptide hormone consisting of 30 amino acids. GIP (22-51) human can activate the NF-κB signaling pathway, promote the expression of MMP-8, and induce the expression of proinflammatory and proatherosclerotic proteins. GIP (22-51) human can also increase the level of intracellular free Ca²⁺ in THP-1-induced macrophages. GIP (22-51) human can be used in the research of atherosclerosis.

Calcium influx inducer compound 634 is a calcium influx inducer. Calcium influx inducer compound 634 (10 µM) enhances the release of extracellular vesicles (EVs) from mouse bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (mBMDCs). Calcium influx inducer compound 634 (10 µM) also increases the levels of CD86 and CD80 on the surface of mBMDCs, an effect that can be blocked by the calcium release-activated calcium channel inhibitor YM-58483 (HY-100831).

Recoflavone (Standard) is the analytical standard of Recoflavone (HY-106449). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Recoflavone (DA-6034 (free acid)), a synthetic derivative of the flavonoid Eupatilin (HY-N0783), is orally active. Recoflavone can inhibit the NF-κB pathway and induce [Ca(2+)]i increase in epithelial cells. Recoflavone exhibits activities such as anti-inflammation, anti-tumor effects, protection of gastric and intestinal mucosa, and promotion of secretion in the ocular surface and salivary glands. Recoflavone can be used for the research of diseases such as dry eye, gastric injury, and intestinal injury.

Sennoside is an orally active apoptosis inducer and stimulant laxative, found in Senna (Cassia angustifolia). Sennoside induces overexpression of wild-type p53 and p21/WAF as part of pathways mediating colonic epithelial cell apoptosis. Sennoside stimulates colonic peristalsis, reverses net water, sodium, chloride absorption to secretion and enhances potassium and calcium secretion. Sennoside increases paracellular permeability to small molecules, accelerates colon transit and softens fecal pellets. Sennoside can be used for the research of constipation, melanosis coli, and colorectal cancer.

Glycerophosphoinositol 4,5-diphosphate (GroPI(4,5)P2) trisodium is a slowly metabolized analog of InsP₃. Glycerophosphoinositol 4,5-diphosphate trisodium has an EC₅₀ of 1.228 μM for inducing calcium release, with a degradation time constant of 13 seconds. Glycerophosphoinositol 4,5-diphosphate trisodium can be used to study the effect of InsP₃ degradation on calcium signal recovery.