HIV
HIV-1 is an RNA retrovirus that infects immune cells through the envelope glycoprotein Env, whose mature gp120/gp41 trimer mediates viral entry into host cells[1]. Mechanistically, gp120 binds CD4 and then the chemokine coreceptors CCR5 or CXCR4, while gp41 refolding brings viral and cellular membranes together for fusion[2][3]. After entry, viral replication depends on reverse transcriptase, protease, and integrase, making these enzymes core targets for antiretroviral research[4][5]. In disease relevance, untreated HIV replication causes progressive CD4+ T-cell loss and immunological abnormalities, increasing infectious and oncological complications[6]. Compared with related forms, HIV-1 remains the main focus because it is described as the most virulent and pathogenic subtype in diagnostic and treatment literature[7]. For experimental applications, entry inhibitors target gp120, gp41, CCR5, or CXCR4, while enzyme inhibitors target reverse transcriptase, protease, or integrase to suppress distinct stages of the HIV life cycle[4][8].
References:
- [1]. Anang S, et al. Characterization of full-length and cytoplasmic tail-truncated envelope glycoproteins incorporated into human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) virions and virus-like particles. J Virol. 2025 Dec 23;99(12):e0158525. [Content Brief]
- [2]. Teixeira C, et al. Viral surface glycoproteins, gp120 and gp41, as potential drug targets against HIV-1: brief overview one quarter of a century past the approval of zidovudine, the first anti-retroviral drug. Eur J Med Chem. 2011 Apr;46(4):979-92. [Content Brief]
- [3]. Princen K, et al. HIV chemokine receptor inhibitors as novel anti-HIV drugs. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 2005 Dec;16(6):659-77. [Content Brief]
- [4]. De Clercq E. Emerging anti-HIV drugs. Expert Opin Emerg Drugs. 2005 May;10(2):241-73. doi: 10.1517/14728214.10.2.241. PMID: 15934866. et al. Emerging anti-HIV drugs. Expert Opin Emerg Drugs. 2005 May;10(2):241-73. [Content Brief]
- [5]. Palmisano L. Role of integrase inhibitors in the treatment of HIV disease. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther. 2007 Feb;5(1):67-75. doi: 10.1586/14787210.5.1.67. PMID: 17266455. et al. Role of integrase inhibitors in the treatment of HIV disease. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther. 2007 Feb;5(1):67-75. [Content Brief]
- [6]. Deeks SG, et al. HIV infection. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2015 Oct 1;1:15035. [Content Brief]
- [7]. Zulfiqar HF, et al. HIV Diagnosis and Treatment through Advanced Technologies. Front Public Health. 2017 Mar 7;5:32. [Content Brief]
- [8]. Greenberg M, et al. HIV fusion and its inhibition in antiretroviral therapy. Rev Med Virol. 2004 Sep-Oct;14(5):321-37. [Content Brief]
All Product Categories
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HIV Related Products (903)
Related Products (903)
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Cys(Npys)-(Arg)9
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-P4087CAS No.: 1417221-06-7Cys(Npys)-(Arg)9 is a synthetic cationic cell-penetrating peptide with a reversible thiol-reactive nitropyridyl (Npys) group. Cys(Npys)-(Arg)9 efficiently mediates the internalization and delivery of various "cargo" such as proteins and antibodies by forming reversible disulfide bonds with surface-exposed cysteine residues. Cys(Npys)-(Arg)9 endows TALEN proteins with cell-penetrating activity, enabling gene knockout in mammalian cells and protein transduction in wheat microspores. Cys(Npys)-(Arg)9 can be conjugated with antibodies to form cationized IgG for enhancing endosomal escape of oligonucleotides, or form siRNA delivery complexes. When the molar ratio of Cys(Npys)-(Arg)9 to loaded molecules is higher than 1:1, it exerts certain cytotoxic effects on cells. Cys(Npys)-(Arg)9 can be used in studies related to oral squamous cell carcinoma and HIV infection.
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C5A
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-P10653CAS No.: 811418-15-2C5A is a microbicidal peptide, anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV), and anti-HIV agent. C5A disrupts the membrane integrity of the HIV virion as well as the integrity of the conical capsid core that surrounds the viral genome. C5A inhibits in vitro infectivity of a broad range of primary HIV isolates in various primary target cells. C5A protects mice against vaginal and rectal HIV challenges.
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Oltipraz-d3
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-12519SCAS No.: 2012598-51-3Synonyms: RP 35972-d3; NSC 347901-d3
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Erythromycin ethylsuccinate-13C,d3
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-B0957SSynonyms: Erythromycin ethyl succinate-13C,d3; EES-13C,d3Erythromycin ethylsuccinate-13C,d3 is the 13C- and deuterium labeled Erythromycin Ethylsuccinate. Erythromycin Ethylsuccinate is an antibiotic useful for the treatment of a number of bacterial infections, has an antimicrobial spectrum similar to or slightly wider than that of penicillin. Erythromycin Ethylsuccinate has antiviral activity against HIV-1.
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KP-1461
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-106270CAS No.: 815588-85-3
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ALizarin complexone dihydrate
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-W320523CAS No.: 455303-00-1ALizarin complexone dihydrate is the dehydrate of Alizarin complexone (HY-121075). Alizarin complexone is a calcium-binding fluorescent dye. Alizarin complexone stains mineralized areas of bone by binding to calcium crystals. Alizarin complexone inhibits the reverse transcriptase activity of RAV-2, HIV-1, and RSV with IC50 values of 3.8 μg/mL, 45 μg/mL, and 100 μg/mL, respectively. Alizarin complexone exhibits antiviral activity against HIV-1 and RSV. Alizarin complexone delays RSV-induced tumor induction in chickens.
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16,16-Dimethyl prostaglandin A1
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-116758CAS No.: 41692-24-4Synonyms: di-Me-PGA1
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Lopinavir-d7
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-14588S2CAS No.: 1432060-78-0Synonyms: ABT-378-d7Lopinavir-d7 is deuterated labeled Lopinavir (HY-14588). Lopinavir (ABT-378) is a highly potent, selective peptidomimetic inhibitor of the HIV-1 protease, with Kis of 1.3 to 3.6 pM for wild-type and mutant HIV protease. Lopinavir acts by arresting maturation of HIV-1 thereby blocking its infectivity. Lopinavir is also a SARS-CoV 3CLpro inhibitor with an IC50 of 14.2 μM.
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HIV-2 Peptide
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-P4352CAS No.: 172486-63-4HIV-2 Peptide is a polypeptide that can be found by peptide screening. Peptide screening is a research tool that pools active peptides primarily by immunoassay. Peptide screening can be used for protein interaction, functional analysis, epitope screening, especially in the field of agent research and development.
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Tat-HA-NR2B9c
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-P5947Tat-HA-NR2B9 contains a fragment of the cellmembrane transduction domain of HIV-1 Tat, a influenza virus hemagglutinin (HA) epitope-tag, and the C-terminal 9 amino acids of NR2B (NR2B9c). Tat-HA-NR2B9 reduces infarct size and improves neurological functions in ischemia-induced cerebral injury in the rats
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UC-84
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-105489CAS No.: 135812-04-3Synonyms: NSC-615985UC-84 (NSC-615985) is a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) with anti-HIV activity.
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NNRT-IN-1
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-149928CAS No.: 2925364-09-4NNRT-IN-1 (compound 8r) is a potent non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase (NNRT) inhibitor featuring significantly anti-resistance efficacy. NNRT-IN-1 inhibits the wild-type HIV-1 and five mutant strains with EC50s in the nanomolar range. NNRT-IN-1 displays favorable pharmacokinetic properties.
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Oltipraz (GMP)
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-12519GCAS No.: 64224-21-1Synonyms: RP 35972 (GMP); NSC 347901 (GMP)
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(+)-Carbovir
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-116001CAS No.: 124915-24-8Synonyms: NSC 614846
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Tivirapine
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-106918CAS No.: 137332-54-8Synonyms: R86183; TIBO R 86183
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Kuguacin N
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-N10671CAS No.: 1141453-73-7Kuguacin N is a natural product that could be isolated from the vines and leaves of M. charantia. Kuguacin N has antiviral activity.
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2F5 epitope
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-P4020CAS No.: 470704-11-12F5 epitope, a peptide gp41 (659-671), comprises the entire epitope for one of the three known antibodies capable of neutralizing a broad spectrum of primary HIV-1 isolates and is the only such epitope that is sequential. 2F5 epitope is recognized by broadly neutralizing antibodies 2F5.
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(threo)-Indinavir
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-B0689CCAS No.: 360558-79-8Synonyms: (threo)-MK-639; (threo)-L735524(Threo)-Indinavir is a protease inhibitor that plays an important role in HIV/AIDS suppression. (Threo)-Indinavir is used as a component of highly active antiretroviral suppression. By inhibiting the viral protease, (threo)-Indinavir ((threo)-MK-639) is able to effectively block the replication of the HIV virus.
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Influenza antiviral conjugate-1
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-148202CAS No.: 2567770-65-2
