Art. -Nr.: HY-Y0839

Levulinic acid

(Synonyms: 4-Oxovaleric acid; NSC 3716)

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Levulinic acid is a precursor for the synthesis of biofuels, such as ethyl levulinate. Levulinic acid is also a 5-keto-pentanoic acid. Levulinic acid can be utilized by the cells as a cosubstrate for biopolymer synthesis. Levulinic acid can be used in antibacterial research.

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Reinheit: 99.95%
CAS. Nr.: 123-76-2
Formel: C₅H₈O₃
Molecular Weight:116.12

Speicherung:

Store at room temperature 3 years.

In solvent -80°C, 2 years , -20°C, 1 year

Levulinic acid Chemical Structure

CAS. Nr.: 123-76-2

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Biologische Aktivität
- Beschreibung
- IC₅₀ & Target
- In Vitro
- Clinical Trial
Chemical Information
Lösungsmittel & Löslichkeit
- In Vitro
- In Vivo
Reinheit & Dokumentation
Verweise
Help & FAQs
Classifications
Bioz

Biologische Aktivität

Beschreibung

IC₅₀ & Target

Human Endogenous Metabolite

Alle Endogenous Metabolite Isoform-spezifische Produkte anzeigen :

In Vitro

Levulinic acid (3% v/v) combined with low-concentration acidic electrolyzed water exhibits broad-spectrum bactericidal effects (aerobic bacteria, yeasts and moulds, E. coli and L. innocua) on fresh organic lettuce (Lactuca sativa Var. Crispa L.) by destroying cell membrane permeability and morphology^[2].
Levulinic acid (0.5 g/L, 24 h) shows obvious enhancement of Alcatigenes sp. SH-69 cells growth and PHA accumulation^[3].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Clinical Trial

NCT Number	Sponsor	Condition	Start Date	Phase A549
NCT01329991	Plexxikon\|		2011-05	PHASE1

Chemical Information

CAS. Nr. 123-76-2
Appearance <30°C Solid,>33°C Liquid
Molecular Weight 116.12
Formel C₅H₈O₃
Color Colorless to off-white
SMILES

CC(CCC(O)=O)=O
Synonyms

4-Oxovaleric acid; NSC 3716
Structure Classification
- Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids
Initial Source
- Endogenous metabolite
Versand

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

Speicherung

Store at room temperature 3 years

In solvent	-80°C	2 years
	-20°C	1 year

Lösungsmittel & Löslichkeit

In Vitro:

DMSO : 100 mg/mL (861.18 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Preparing Stock Solutions

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Concentration Solvent Mass

1 mg

5 mg

10 mg

Concentration

Solvent

Mass

1 mM

8.6118 mL

43.0589 mL

86.1178 mL

5 mM

1.7224 mL

8.6118 mL

17.2236 mL

10 mM

0.8612 mL

4.3059 mL

8.6118 mL

Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.

Molaritätsrechner

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Mass Mass

Konzentration Konzentration

Volumen Volumen

Molecular Weight Molecular Weight

Verdünnungsrechner

Konzentration _{(Stammlösung)} × Volumen _{(Stammlösung)} = Konzentration _{(Ziellösung)} × Volumen _{(Ziellösung)}

Konzentration _{(Stammlösung)} Konzentration _{(Stammlösung)}

Volumen _{(Stammlösung)} Volumen _{(Stammlösung)}

Konzentration _{(Ziellösung)} Konzentration _{(Ziellösung)}

Volumen _{(Ziellösung)} Volumen _{(Ziellösung)}

In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

Stock Solution Working Solution

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

Protocol 1

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline

Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (21.53 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

Protocol 2

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (21.53 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

Protocol 3

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% Corn Oil

Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (21.53 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown). If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL Corn oil, and mix evenly.

In Vivo Dissolution Calculator

Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage Dosage
mg/kg
Animal Weight (Per Animal) Animal Weight (Per Animal)
g
Dosing Volume (Per Animal) Dosing Volume (Per Animal)
μL
Number of Animals Number of Animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Please enter your animal formula composition:

%
DMSO +

Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
%
+
+
%
Tween-80 + +
%
Saline +

The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).

Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL

Reinheit & Dokumentation

Select Batch:

Reinheit: 99.98%

Assay: 99.98%

ee.: 99.98%

Data Sheet (271 KB)
SDS (554 KB)
- English - EN (554 KB)
- Français - FR (554 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (554 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (554 KB)
- Español - ES (554 KB)
- Swedish - SV (554 KB)
- Italian - IT (554 KB)
- Korean - KR (554 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (554 KB)
COA (2659 KB)
Elemental Analysis Report (2659 KB)
HNMR (2659 KB)
CNMR (2659 KB)
RP-HPLC (2659 KB)
NP-HPLC (2659 KB)
MS (2659 KB)
LCMS (2659 KB)
IR (2659 KB)
GC (2659 KB)
OR (2659 KB)
SDS-PAGE (2659 KB)
SEC-HPLC (2659 KB)
Other Report (2659 KB)
Handling Instructions (2659 KB)

Verweise

[1]. Pileidis FD, et al. Levulinic Acid Biorefineries: New Challenges for Efficient Utilization of Biomass. ChemSusChem. 2016 Mar 21;9(6):562-82. [Content Brief]

[2]. Zhao L, et al. Efficacy of low concentration acidic electrolysed water and levulinic acid combination on fresh organic lettuce (Lactuca sativa Var. Crispa L.) and its antimicrobial mechanism. Food Control, 2019, 101: 241-250.

[3]. Jang J H, et al. Effect of levulinic acid on cell growth and poly-β-hydroxyalkanoate production by Alcaligenes sp. SH-69. Biotechnology letters, 1996, 18: 219-224.

Help & FAQs

How should lyophilized recombinant proteins be reconstituted and stored?

1. Before opening the cap, centrifuge the vial at 13000 rpm for 20-30 seconds. This step will ensure that any lyophilized powder that may have adhered to the cap or walls is collected at the bottom of the vial, minimizing the risk of product loss.

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.

Optional Solvent	Concentration Solvent Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg	25 mg
DMSO	1 mM	8.6118 mL	43.0589 mL	86.1178 mL	215.2945 mL
	5 mM	1.7224 mL	8.6118 mL	17.2236 mL	43.0589 mL
	10 mM	0.8612 mL	4.3059 mL	8.6118 mL	21.5295 mL
	15 mM	0.5741 mL	2.8706 mL	5.7412 mL	14.3530 mL
	20 mM	0.4306 mL	2.1529 mL	4.3059 mL	10.7647 mL
	25 mM	0.3445 mL	1.7224 mL	3.4447 mL	8.6118 mL
	30 mM	0.2871 mL	1.4353 mL	2.8706 mL	7.1765 mL
	40 mM	0.2153 mL	1.0765 mL	2.1529 mL	5.3824 mL
	50 mM	0.1722 mL	0.8612 mL	1.7224 mL	4.3059 mL
	60 mM	0.1435 mL	0.7176 mL	1.4353 mL	3.5882 mL
	80 mM	0.1076 mL	0.5382 mL	1.0765 mL	2.6912 mL
	100 mM	0.0861 mL	0.4306 mL	0.8612 mL	2.1529 mL

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Levulinic acid

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Alle Endogenous Metabolite Isoform-spezifische Produkte anzeigen

Biologische Aktivität

Chemical Information

Lösungsmittel & Löslichkeit

Reinheit & Dokumentation

Verweise

Help & FAQs

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Levulinic acid Related Classifications

HY-Y0839 Related Classifications