Cat. No.: HY-B1028

Pantethine

(Synonyms: D-Pantethine; LBF disulfide)

5 Cited Publications

Customer Review

Based on 5 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Pantethine is an orally active lipid-lowering agent. Pantethine has anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory and anti-SARS-COV virus activities. Pantethine is also a neuroprotective agent. Pantethine can be used in the study of Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, major depression, systemic sclerosis and pantothenate kinase-related neurodegeneration.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

Purity: 99.91%
CAS No.: 16816-67-4
Formula: C₂₂H₄₂N₄O₈S₂
Molecular Weight:554.72

Storage:

Pure form -20°C, 3 years , 4°C, 2 years ; In solvent -80°C, 2 years , -20°C, 1 year

Pantethine Chemical Structure

CAS No.: 16816-67-4

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Fluorescent Dye

Strong Fluorescence Signal / Multi-Disciplinary Applications / High Fluorescence Specificity

Biological Activity
- Description
- In Vitro
- In Vivo
- Clinical Trial
Chemical Information
Publications (5)
Solvent & Solubility
- In Vitro
- In Vivo
Purity & Documentation
References
Help & FAQs
Classifications
Bioz

Biological Activity

Description

All Endogenous Metabolite Isoforms :

In Vitro

Pantethine (10-1000 μM) inhibits cholesterol production in mouse liver slices^[1].
Pantethine (250-1000 μM; 24 h and 72 h) reduces cholesterol levels in Vero E6 cells (35% at 24 h and 80% at 72 h)^[2].
Pantethine(100-1000 μM; After pretreatment for 1 h, the virus is added and incubated together for 2 h until the end of the experiment) reduces the infection of SARS-CoV-2 to Vero E6 and Calu-3a cells in a dose-dependent manner, which has antiviral effect^[2].
Pantethine (50-100 μM; 18 h) inhibits the release of microparticles (MPs) in a dose-dependent manner in endothelial HPMECs and HUVECs. (50-100 μM; 24 h) eliminates MP-induced oxidative and nitrosation stress in endothelial cells (HPMECs and HUVECs) and fibroblasts (NIH3T3)^[5].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Western Blot Analysis ^[2]

Cell Line:

Calu-3a, Vero E6
Concentration:

50 μM, 100 μM, 250 μM, 500 μM, 1000 μM
Incubation Time:

Cell were pretreated with Pantethine for 1 h prior to virus infection, followed by incubation with the virus for 2 h in the presence of Pantethine until the end of the experiment.
Result:

Decreased the expression of viral spike (S) and nucleocapsid (N) proteins.

RT-PCR ^[2]

Cell Line:

Calu-3a, Vero E6
Concentration:

50 μM, 100 μM, 250 μM, 500 μM, 1000 μM
Incubation Time:

Cell were pretreated with Pantethine for 1 h prior to virus infection, followed by incubation with the virus for 2 h in the presence of Pantethine until the end of the experiment.
Result:

Significantly reduced the copy number of viral nucleapsid (N) and non-structural protein 6 (NSP6) genes in the cell supernatant.
Decreased the mRNA expression levels of HECT E3 ligase and TMPRSS2 in virus-induced infected cells.
Significantly decreased the mRNA expression of MAVS, IRF3, IFNβ, STING, TNF-α and IL6 in Calu-3a cells, and decreased the inflammation caused by SARS-CoV-2 virus infection.

In Vivo

Pantethine (1.2 mmol/kg; Intragastrical administration (i.g.); Single dose) can reduce blood lipid in rats^[1].
Pantethine (750 mg/kg; Intraperitoneal injection (i.p.); Once daily for 4 weeks) shows antitumor activity in mice with in-situ ovarian cancer ^[3].
Pantethine (150 mg/kg; p.o.; Once daily for 6 weeks) reduces skin and lung fibrosis associated with markers of oxidative and endothelial stress in mice with systemic sclerosis (SSc)^[5].
Pantethine (15 mg/kg; Supplemented in daily drinking water, for 2 months) is able to effectively restore the disease status induced by the ketogenic diet in mice^[6].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Animal Model:

Male Sprague–Dawley rats model^[1]
Dosage:

1.2 mmol/kg
Administration:

Intragastrical administration (i.g.); Single dose
Result:

Reduced plasma free fatty acid (FFA), cholesterol, and triglyceride levels at 3, 5, 7, and 24 h, while significantly increased glycerol levels at 7 h.

Animal Model:

Orthotopic female rats model of ovarian cancer^[3]
Dosage:

750 mg/kg
Administration:

Intraperitoneal injection (i.p.); Once daily for 4 weeks
Result:

Reduced tumor growth, metastasis and ascites, and had no toxicity to liver and kidney.

Animal Model:

Systemic sclerosis (SSc) BALB/c mice model^[5]
Dosage:

15 mg/kg
Administration:

Oral gavage (p.o.); Once daily for 6 weeks. After HOCL treatment ( 200 μM; Intradermal injection; Once daiy for 6 weeks).
Result:

Decreased the number of MPs in mice endothelial cells.
Decreased the concentrations of soluble E-selectin and sVCAM-1 in serum.
Decreased serum concentration of AOPPs (33%) and nitrate (60%).

Animal Model:

Ketogenic diet mouse model^[6]
Dosage:

150 mg/kg
Administration:

Supplemented in daily drinking water, for 2 months. Follow a casual ketogenic diet during this period.
Result:

Alleviated motor dysfunction, neurodegeneration and changes in mitochondria of the central and peripheral nervous systems in mice.

Clinical Trial

NCT Number	Sponsor	Condition	Start Date	Phase A549
NCT01329991	Plexxikon\|		2011-05	PHASE1

Chemical Information

CAS No. 16816-67-4
Appearance Solid-Liquid Mixture
Molecular Weight 554.72
Formula C₂₂H₄₂N₄O₈S₂
Color Off-white to light brown
SMILES

O=C(NCCSSCCNC(CCNC([C@H](O)C(C)(C)CO)=O)=O)CCNC([C@H](O)C(C)(C)CO)=O
Synonyms

D-Pantethine; LBF disulfide
Structure Classification
- Others
Initial Source
- Endogenous metabolite
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

Storage

Pure form	-20°C	3 years
	4°C	2 years
In solvent	-80°C	2 years
	-20°C	1 year

Publications (5)

All IFFlow CytometryWBHistological Imaging/StainingRT-PCR

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Journal Impact Factor

Nat Commun

Mitochondria relay cholesterol signal exacerbates osteoarthritis in mice. [Abstract]

2025 Nov 19;16(1):10123. PMID: 41257852

Pantethine purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Nat Commun. 2025 Nov 19;16(1):10123. [Abstract]

Immunofluorescence showed the colocalization of TOM20 and mtDNA in osteocytes under Cholesterol and Pantethine (100 μM) treatment.

Pantethine purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Nat Commun. 2025 Nov 19;16(1):10123. [Abstract]

FCM analysis of mPTP permeability of osteocytes under cholesterol and Pantethine (Pan) (25, 50, 100 μM) treatment.

Pantethine purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Nat Commun. 2025 Nov 19;16(1):10123. [Abstract]

Western blot analysis of cGAS-STING pathway in chondrocytes receiving osteocyte mitochondria treated with Pantethine (Pan) (10, 25, 50, 50, 100 μM).

Pantethine purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Nat Commun. 2025 Nov 19;16(1):10123. [Abstract]

A representative image of H&E and synovitis scores of DMM model of male mice with oral administration of Pantethine (Pan) (150 mg/kg, p.o.).

Pantethine purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Nat Commun. 2025 Nov 19;16(1):10123. [Abstract]

Cytosolic mtDNA gene leve by RT-PCR treated with Pantethine (Pan) (50, 100 μM).
Adv Sci (Weinh)

PSMD14 Stabilizes SLC7A11 to Ameliorate Glucocorticoid-Induced Osteoporosis by Suppressing Osteocyte Ferroptosis. [Abstract]

2025 May 30:e14902. PMID: 40444470
Aging Cell

HLH-30/TFEB Rewires the Chaperone Network to Promote Proteostasis Upon Perturbations to the Coenzyme A and Iron-Sulfur Cluster Biosynthesis Pathways. [Abstract]

2025 Apr 30:e70038. PMID: 40304211
Mol Nutr Food Res

Pantethine ameliorates recognition impairment in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease by modulating cholesterol content and intestinal flora species. [Abstract]

2023 Aug;67(15):e2200799. PMID: 37194410
SSRN

2026 Jan 30.

Solvent & Solubility

In Vitro:

H₂O : ≥ 100 mg/mL (180.27 mM)

DMSO : ≥ 100 mg/mL (180.27 mM; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

Ethanol : 100 mg/mL (180.27 mM; Need ultrasonic)

* "≥" means soluble, but saturation unknown.

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Preparing Stock Solutions

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Concentration Solvent Mass

1 mg

5 mg

10 mg

Concentration

Solvent

Mass

1 mM

1.8027 mL

9.0136 mL

18.0271 mL

5 mM

0.3605 mL

1.8027 mL

3.6054 mL

10 mM

0.1803 mL

0.9014 mL

1.8027 mL

Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.

* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

Molarity Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Mass Mass

Concentration Concentration

Volume Volume

Molecular Weight Molecular Weight

Dilution Calculator

Concentration _(start) × Volume _(start) = Concentration _(final) × Volume _(final)

Concentration _(start) Concentration _(start)

Volume _(start) Volume _(start)

Concentration _(final) Concentration _(final)

Volume _(final) Volume _(final)

In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

Stock Solution Working Solution

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

Protocol 1

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline

Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (4.51 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

Protocol 2

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (4.51 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

Protocol 3

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% Corn Oil

Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (4.51 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown). If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL Corn oil, and mix evenly.

Working Solution

For the following dissolution methods, please prepare the working solution directly:

It is recommended to prepare fresh solutions and use them promptly within a short period of time.

The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

Protocol 1

Add each solvent one by one: PBS

Solubility: 100 mg/mL (180.27 mM); Clear solution; Need ultrasonic

In Vivo Dissolution Calculator

Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage Dosage
mg/kg
Animal Weight (Per Animal) Animal Weight (Per Animal)
g
Dosing Volume (Per Animal) Dosing Volume (Per Animal)
μL
Number of Animals Number of Animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL

This product has good water solubility, please refer to the measured solubility data in water/PBS/Saline for details.

The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only.If necessary, please contact

MedChemExpress (MCE) .

Purity & Documentation

Select Batch:

Purity: 99.98%

Assay: 99.98%

ee.: 99.98%

Data Sheet (279 KB)
SDS (458 KB)
- English - EN (458 KB)
- Français - FR (458 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (458 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (458 KB)
- Español - ES (458 KB)
- Swedish - SV (458 KB)
- Italian - IT (458 KB)
- Korean - KR (458 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (458 KB)
COA (2659 KB)
Elemental Analysis Report (2659 KB)
HNMR (2659 KB)
CNMR (2659 KB)
RP-HPLC (2659 KB)
NP-HPLC (2659 KB)
MS (2659 KB)
LCMS (2659 KB)
IR (2659 KB)
GC (2659 KB)
OR (2659 KB)
SDS-PAGE (2659 KB)
SEC-HPLC (2659 KB)
Other Report (2659 KB)
Handling Instructions (2659 KB)

References

[1]. Bocos C, et al. Pantethine stimulates lipolysis in adipose tissue and inhibits cholesterol and fatty acid synthesis in liver and intestinal mucosa in the normolipidemic rat. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol. 1998 Aug 4;6(1):59-66. [Content Brief]

[2]. Abou-Hamdan M, et al. Potential antiviral effects of pantethine against SARS-CoV-2. Sci Rep. 2023 Feb 8;13(1):2237. [Content Brief]

[3]. Penet MF, et al. Effect of Pantethine on Ovarian Tumor Progression and Choline Metabolism. Front Oncol. 2016 Nov 16;6:244. [Content Brief]

[4]. Tóth F, et al. Natural Molecules and Neuroprotection: Kynurenic Acid, Pantethine and α-Lipoic Acid. Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Jan 2;22(1):403. [Content Brief]

[5]. Kavian N, et al. Pantethine Prevents Murine Systemic Sclerosis Through the Inhibition of Microparticle Shedding. Arthritis Rheumatol. 2015 Jul;67(7):1881-90. [Content Brief]

[6]. Brunetti D, et al. Pantethine treatment is effective in recovering the disease phenotype induced by ketogenic diet in a pantothenate kinase-associated neurodegeneration mouse model. Brain. 2014 Jan;137(Pt 1):57-68. [Content Brief]

Help & FAQs

How should lyophilized recombinant proteins be reconstituted and stored?

1. Before opening the cap, centrifuge the vial at 13000 rpm for 20-30 seconds. This step will ensure that any lyophilized powder that may have adhered to the cap or walls is collected at the bottom of the vial, minimizing the risk of product loss.

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.

Optional Solvent	Concentration Solvent Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg	25 mg
H₂O / DMSO / Ethanol	1 mM	1.8027 mL	9.0136 mL	18.0271 mL	45.0678 mL
	5 mM	0.3605 mL	1.8027 mL	3.6054 mL	9.0136 mL
	10 mM	0.1803 mL	0.9014 mL	1.8027 mL	4.5068 mL
	15 mM	0.1202 mL	0.6009 mL	1.2018 mL	3.0045 mL
	20 mM	0.0901 mL	0.4507 mL	0.9014 mL	2.2534 mL
	25 mM	0.0721 mL	0.3605 mL	0.7211 mL	1.8027 mL
	30 mM	0.0601 mL	0.3005 mL	0.6009 mL	1.5023 mL
	40 mM	0.0451 mL	0.2253 mL	0.4507 mL	1.1267 mL
	50 mM	0.0361 mL	0.1803 mL	0.3605 mL	0.9014 mL
	60 mM	0.0300 mL	0.1502 mL	0.3005 mL	0.7511 mL
	80 mM	0.0225 mL	0.1127 mL	0.2253 mL	0.5633 mL
	100 mM	0.0180 mL	0.0901 mL	0.1803 mL	0.4507 mL

* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

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Pantethine

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Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) Pantethine

All Endogenous Metabolite Isoforms

Biological Activity

Chemical Information

Publications (5)

Solvent & Solubility

Purity & Documentation

References

Help & FAQs

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Pantethine Related Classifications

HY-B1028 Related Classifications