Cat. No.: HY-Y1683

DL-Menthol

(Synonyms: Racementhol)

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Based on 1 Customer Validation

DL-Menthol (Racementhol) is an orally active, GABA_aR positive allosteric modulator and UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) inhibitor that can cross the blood-brain barrier. DL-Menthol binds to GABA_AR and exhibits an allosteric activation effect, enhancing GABA-mediated chloride influx and inhibiting neuronal excitability. DL-Menthol can induce surgical anesthesia in fish and inhibit the metabolic detoxification of tobacco carcinogens by human liver and intestinal UGT enzymes, resulting in reduced NNAL-N-Gluc production.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

Purity: 98.0%
CAS No.: 89-78-1
Formula: C₁₀H₂₀O
Molecular Weight:156.27

Storage:

Powder -20°C, 3 years , 4°C, 2 years ; In solvent -80°C, 2 years , -20°C, 1 year

DL-Menthol Chemical Structure

CAS No.: 89-78-1

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Use of MCE Products

Fluorescent Dye

Strong Fluorescence Signal / Multi-Disciplinary Applications / High Fluorescence Specificity

Biological Activity
- Description
- In Vivo
Chemical Information
Solvent & Solubility
- In Vitro
- In Vivo
Purity & Documentation
References
Help & FAQs
Classifications
Bioz

Biological Activity

Description

In Vivo

DL-Menthol (0.2-3.0 mM; water administration; single; short-term treatment) induces surgical anesthesia in a dose-dependent manner in medaka (Oryzias latipes), goldfish (Carassius auratus) and zebrafish (Danio rerio) models. At high concentrations (3.0 mM), it first induces rapid movement and then turns to anesthesia. Pretreatment with a GABA_aR antagonist can prolong the anesthetic latency^[1].
0.5 mM DL-Menthol induces 100%, 90% and 100% surgical anesthesia in medaka, goldfish and zebrafish, respectively^[1].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Animal Model:

Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes), goldfish (Carassius auratus), zebrafish (Danio rerio) (medaka 1.6±0.2 cm, goldfish 3.2±0.4 cm, zebrafish 1.7± 0.2 cm), aquatic behavioral assay for surgical anesthesia^[2]
Dosage:

0.1-3.0 mM (dissolved in dechlorinated water, vehicle control: 50 μL DMSO in 300 mL water)
Administration:

Single-dose waterborne administration by adding to experimental tanks (300 mL water per fish), incubated for 6 minutes to observe anesthetic response; recovery time measured after transfer to fresh water
Result:

Low-concentration effect (0.2-0.5 mM):
- Surgical anesthesia induction: Loss of equilibrium and lack of response to touch stimulus. Response rates increased with dose: 8-17% at 0.2 mM, 80-100% at 0.4-0.5 mM across all three fish species. - Latency and recovery: Latency to anesthesia decreased with increasing dose (e.g., 225-330 seconds at 0.2 mM vs. 40-60 seconds at 0.5 mM). Recovery time averaged 228-640 seconds, showing no significant dose dependency.
High-concentration effect (3.0 mM):
- Rapid movement followed by anesthesia: 73% of medaka and 40-60% of goldfish exhibited rapid movement within 4.4 ± 1.2 seconds, followed by anesthesia with a latency of 44 ± 20 seconds. This response was specific to menthol and the cold nociceptor agonist allyl isothiocyanate, but not the cold receptor agonist icilin, suggesting involvement of TRPA1-like pathways.
GABA_aR antagonist interaction:
- Pretreatment with SR-95531 (70 μM for 30-120 min in medaka, 50-100 μM for 120 min in goldfish): Significantly prolonged anesthesia latency (e.g., from 26 ± 14 seconds to 66-99 seconds in medaka, 228 ± 10 seconds to 249-351 seconds in goldfish). Cold-water stimulation latency remained unchanged, confirming specificity to GABAₐR-mediated pathways.

Chemical Information

CAS No. 89-78-1
Appearance Solid
Molecular Weight 156.27
Formula C₁₀H₂₀O
Color White to off-white
SMILES

C[C@H]1C[C@@H](O)[C@H](C(C)C)CC1
Synonyms

Racementhol
Structure Classification
- Others
Initial Source
- Plants
- Labiatae
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

Storage

Powder	-20°C	3 years
	4°C	2 years
In solvent	-80°C	2 years
	-20°C	1 year

Solvent & Solubility

In Vitro:

DMSO : 100 mg/mL (639.92 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

H₂O : 1 mg/mL (6.40 mM; Need ultrasonic)

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Preparing Stock Solutions

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Concentration Solvent Mass

1 mg

5 mg

10 mg

Concentration

Solvent

Mass

1 mM

6.3992 mL

31.9959 mL

63.9918 mL

5 mM

1.2798 mL

6.3992 mL

12.7984 mL

10 mM

0.6399 mL

3.1996 mL

6.3992 mL

Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.

* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

Molarity Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Mass Mass

Concentration Concentration

Volume Volume

Molecular Weight Molecular Weight

Dilution Calculator

Concentration _(start) × Volume _(start) = Concentration _(final) × Volume _(final)

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Volume _(start) Volume _(start)

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In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

Stock Solution Working Solution

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

Protocol 1

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (16.00 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

Protocol 2

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% Corn Oil

Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (16.00 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown). If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL Corn oil, and mix evenly.

In Vivo Dissolution Calculator

Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage Dosage
mg/kg
Animal Weight (Per Animal) Animal Weight (Per Animal)
g
Dosing Volume (Per Animal) Dosing Volume (Per Animal)
μL
Number of Animals Number of Animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Please enter your animal formula composition:

%
DMSO +

Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
%
+
+
%
Tween-80 + +
%
Saline +

The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).

Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL

Purity & Documentation

Select Batch:

Purity: 99.98%

Assay: 99.98%

ee.: 99.98%

Data Sheet (275 KB)
SDS (393 KB)
- English - EN (393 KB)
- Français - FR (393 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (393 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (393 KB)
- Español - ES (393 KB)
- Swedish - SV (393 KB)
- Italian - IT (393 KB)
- Korean - KR (393 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (393 KB)
COA (2659 KB)
Elemental Analysis Report (2659 KB)
HNMR (2659 KB)
CNMR (2659 KB)
RP-HPLC (2659 KB)
NP-HPLC (2659 KB)
MS (2659 KB)
LCMS (2659 KB)
IR (2659 KB)
GC (2659 KB)
OR (2659 KB)
SDS-PAGE (2659 KB)
SEC-HPLC (2659 KB)
Other Report (2659 KB)
Handling Instructions (2659 KB)

References

[1]. Kozlovich S, et al. Role of l- and d-Menthol in the Glucuronidation and Detoxification of the Major Lung Carcinogen, NNAL. Drug Metab Dispos. 2019 Dec;47(12):1388-1396. [Content Brief]

[2]. Kasai, Masanori, et al. Menthol induces surgical anesthesia and rapid movement in fishes. Open Neuroscience Journal 8 (2014): 1-8.

[3]. Jia-yu Cai, et al. Menthol-modified paclitaxel multifunctional cationic liposomes cross the blood-brain barrier and target glioma stem cells for treatment of glioblastoma. Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology. Volume 93, March 2024, 105387.

Help & FAQs

How should lyophilized recombinant proteins be reconstituted and stored?

1. Before opening the cap, centrifuge the vial at 13000 rpm for 20-30 seconds. This step will ensure that any lyophilized powder that may have adhered to the cap or walls is collected at the bottom of the vial, minimizing the risk of product loss.

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.

Optional Solvent	Concentration Solvent Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg	25 mg
H₂O / DMSO	1 mM	6.3992 mL	31.9959 mL	63.9918 mL	159.9795 mL
H₂O / DMSO	5 mM	1.2798 mL	6.3992 mL	12.7984 mL	31.9959 mL
DMSO	10 mM	0.6399 mL	3.1996 mL	6.3992 mL	15.9980 mL
	15 mM	0.4266 mL	2.1331 mL	4.2661 mL	10.6653 mL
	20 mM	0.3200 mL	1.5998 mL	3.1996 mL	7.9990 mL
	25 mM	0.2560 mL	1.2798 mL	2.5597 mL	6.3992 mL
	30 mM	0.2133 mL	1.0665 mL	2.1331 mL	5.3327 mL
	40 mM	0.1600 mL	0.7999 mL	1.5998 mL	3.9995 mL
	50 mM	0.1280 mL	0.6399 mL	1.2798 mL	3.1996 mL
	60 mM	0.1067 mL	0.5333 mL	1.0665 mL	2.6663 mL
	80 mM	0.0800 mL	0.3999 mL	0.7999 mL	1.9997 mL
	100 mM	0.0640 mL	0.3200 mL	0.6399 mL	1.5998 mL

* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

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DL-Menthol

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Biological Activity

Chemical Information

Solvent & Solubility

Purity & Documentation

References

Help & FAQs

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

DL-Menthol Related Classifications

HY-Y1683 Related Classifications