Conimine
Conimine is a steroidal alkaloid, antibacterial agent and potentiator. Conimine is isolated from the seeds of Holarrhena antidysenteriaca Wall.ex A.DC. Conimine exhibits intrinsic antibacterial activity against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. When combined with Penicillin, Conimine shows synergistic antibacterial effects against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus; when combined with Vancomycin (HY-B0671), it exerts synergistic antibacterial effects against both methicillin-sensitive and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
For research use only. We do not sell to patients.
- CAS No.: 468-41-7
- Formula: C22H36N2
- Molecular Weight:328.53
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Storage:
Please store the product under the recommended conditions in the Certificate of Analysis.
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Biological Activity
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Chemical Information
- Protocols
- Purity & Documentation
- References
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Help & FAQs
Biological Activity
Description
In Vitro
Conimine (two-fold serial dilutions; 24 h) inhibits the growth of methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) with an MIC of 128 μg·mL−1 for both strains[1].
Conimine (1/64-1 of its MIC (128 μg·mL-1)) exhibits synergistic antibacterial activity with penicillin against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and with vancomycin against both methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), while showing a nonrelative effect with penicillin against MSSA[1].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only. Further protocols information, click here.
Chemical Information
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CAS No. 468-41-7
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Molecular Weight 328.53
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Formula C22H36N2
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SMILES
C[C@H]1[C@]2([H])[C@]3(CN1)[C@](CC2)([H])[C@@]4([H])[C@]([C@@]5(C(C[C@H](CC5)NC)=CC4)C)([H])CC3
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Structure Classification
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Initial Source
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Shipping
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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Storage
Please store the product under the recommended conditions in the Certificate of Analysis.
Protocols
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Research Protocol for Infectious Diseases
Infectious-disease experiments test how pathogens interact with host barriers, innate immune receptors, inflammatory signaling, pathogen replication, and tissue injury; pattern-recognition receptors such as TLRs, RIG-I-like receptors, NOD-like receptors, and inflammasomes detect microbial molecules and activate NF-κB, interferon, and cytokine responses. The central hypothesis is that infection severity reflects the balance between pathogen burden and host response: protective inflammation restricts pathogen growth, whereas excessive or mislocalized inflammation contributes to tissue damage and disease phenotype. Unresolved questions include which host pathways are protective versus pathogenic, why some infection models fail to translate to human disease, and which combined readouts best predict clinically relevant infection outcomes.
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Bacterial live/dead nucleic-acid viability staining
The LIVE/DEAD bacterial viability staining method is based on differential permeability of nucleic-acid-binding fluorescent dyes, most commonly SYTO 9 and propidium iodide (PI), which enables discrimination of bacterial populations with intact versus compromised cytoplasmic membranes. SYTO 9 penetrates both intact and damaged bacterial membranes and binds nucleic acids to produce green fluorescence, whereas propidium iodide penetrates only cells with compromised membranes and fluoresces red while also reducing SYTO 9 signal through competitive binding and fluorescence interactions. The resulting fluorescence pattern is interpreted as a proxy for membrane integrity, which is widely used as an indicator of bacterial viability in microscopy, flow cytometry, and spectroscopic platforms. However, mechanistic studies show that SYTO 9 and PI interactions involve displacement and fluorescence resonance energy transfer effects, which can influence signal interpretation depending on dye ratios a
Purity & Documentation
References
Calculators
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
Conimine Related Classifications
HY-N15435 Related Classifications
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