Cat. No.: HY-N1535

Ponicidin

(Synonyms: Rubescensine B)

4 Cited Publications

Customer Review

Based on 4 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Ponicidin (Rubescensine B) is an orally active RIPK1 inhibitor with a K_d value of 135 nM. Ponicidin inhibits the JAK2/STAT3 pathway to induce apoptosis, activates the PI3K/Akt pathway, upregulates SIRT1 expression, alleviates oxidative stress, suppresses inflammatory responses and necroptosis, and blocks cell cycle progression. Ponicidin induces ROS production to exert antiproliferative and antiviral effects, while also improving cognitive function and reducing Aβ plaque deposition. Ponicidin can be used in studies related to hepatocellular carcinoma, Alzheimer's disease, and gastric cancer.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

Purity: 99.93%
CAS No.: 52617-37-5
Formula: C₂₀H₂₆O₆
Molecular Weight:362.42

Storage:

4°C, protect from light

* In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light)

Ponicidin Chemical Structure

CAS No.: 52617-37-5

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Use of MCE Products

Fluorescent Dye

Strong Fluorescence Signal / Multi-Disciplinary Applications / High Fluorescence Specificity

Biological Activity
- Description
- IC₅₀ & Target
- In Vitro
- In Vivo
Chemical Information
Publications (4)
Solvent & Solubility
- In Vitro
- In Vivo
Purity & Documentation
References
Help & FAQs
Bioz

Biological Activity

Description

IC₅₀ & Target

Apoptosis^[1]

All RIP kinase Isoforms :

All JAK Isoforms :

All STAT Isoforms :

All PI3K Isoforms :

All Akt Isoforms :

All Sirtuin Isoforms :

In Vitro

Ponicidin (5-40 μM; 24-72 h) inhibits the viability of QGY-7701 and HepG-2 human hepatocellular carcinoma cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner, with treatment at 40 μM for 72 h reducing cell viability to 9.3% (QGY-7701) and 12.7% (HepG-2), respectively^[1].
Ponicidin (40 μM; 48-72 h) downregulates the mRNA and protein expression of Survivin and Bcl-2, while upregulating the mRNA and protein expression of Bax, in QGY-7701 and HepG-2 human hepatocellular carcinoma cells^[1].
Ponicidin (1-50 μM; 24 h) shows no significant cytotoxicity against HT-22 mouse hippocampal neuronal cells, while Ponicidin (10 μM; 2 h pre-incubation) significantly restores the cell viability reduced by Aβ_1-42 exposure^[2].
Ponicidin (10 μM; pre-incubated for 2 h) significantly alleviates Aβ_1-42-induced neuroinflammation in HT-22 mouse hippocampal neuron cells by downregulating pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β) and upregulating the anti-inflammatory factor IL-10^[2].
Ponicidin (10 μM; preincubated for 2 h) significantly reduces Aβ_1-42-induced intracellular ROS production and oxidative stress in HT-22 mouse hippocampal neuronal cells by decreasing lipid peroxidation levels and restoring antioxidant enzyme activity^[2].
Ponicidin (10 μM; 2 h pre-incubation) significantly upregulates the expression of SIRT1 in Aβ_1-42-treated HT-22 mouse hippocampal neurons and modulates the activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway, while SIRT1 inhibitors reverse these effects^[2].
Ponicidin (10 μM; 2 h pre-incubation) significantly enhances the expression of BDNF and NGF in Aβ_1-42-treated HT-22 mouse hippocampal neuron cells via a SIRT1-mediated mechanism^[2].
Ponicidin (10-50 μM; 48 h) induces dose-dependent apoptosis in human gastric cancer MKN28 cells, with the proportion of early apoptotic cells reaching 59.03% at the concentration of 50 μM^[3].
Ponicidin (10-50 μM; 48 h) induces dose-dependent G0-G1 cell cycle arrest in human gastric cancer MKN28 cells, increasing the proportion of G0-G1 phase cells to 60.68% at a concentration of 50 μM. It also reduces the proportions of cells in S phase and G2-M phase^[3].
Ponicidin (10-50 μM; 1-48 h) induces time- and dose-dependent activation of caspase-3 in human gastric cancer MKN28 cells, with its activity reaching 28.76% at 50 μM for 48 h^[3].
Ponicidin (1.56-100 μM; 8 h) exhibits a CC₅₀ of 59.360 μM in BV2 microglial cells, and shows low cytotoxicity at a concentration of 5 μM^[4].
Ponicidin (5 μM; 8.5 h) inhibits Z-VAD (LZ) (HY-164388)-induced secretion of TNF-α (IC₅₀ = 3.56 μM) and IL-6 (IC₅₀ = 2.635 μM) in BV2 microglia, with significant inhibitory effects observed at a concentration of 5 μM^[4].
Ponicidin (5 μM; 8.5 h) inhibits TZ-induced LDH release and protects HT22 neuronal cells from necroptosis-associated membrane damage^[4].
Ponicidin (5 μM; 8.5 h) inhibits neuronal necroptosis by blocking the RIPK1-RIPK3-MLKL signaling cascade, and reduces the phosphorylation levels of RIPK1, RIPK3 and MLKL in TZ-stimulated HT22 neuronal cells^[4].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Apoptosis Analysis^[1]

Cell Line:

QGY-7701, HepG-2 human hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines
Concentration:

5, 10, 20, 30 and 40 μM
Incubation Time:

24, 48, 72 h
Result:

Increased the percentage of sub-G1 apoptotic cells in both cell lines in a dose- and time-dependent manner.
Induced an apoptotic rate of 51.5% in HepG-2 cells after 40 μM treatment for 72 h.
Induced an apoptotic rate of 63.3% in QGY-7701 cells after 40 μM treatment for 72 h.

Western Blot Analysis^[3]

Cell Line:

human gastric carcinoma MKN28 cells
Concentration:

10, 25 and 50 μM
Incubation Time:

6 h (JAK2/STAT3 phosphorylation assay); 48 h (apoptosis/signaling protein assay)
Result:

Dose-dependently decreased phosphorylation of JAK2 and STAT3 without altering total JAK2 or STAT3 protein levels after 6 h treatment.
Dose-dependently decreased protein levels of VEGF, VEGFR2, and Bcl-2, while increasing protein levels of Bax and the active form of caspase-3 after 48 h treatment.

Western Blot Analysis^[4]

Cell Line:

LZ-stimulated BV2 mouse microglial cells
Concentration:

5 μM
Incubation Time:

30 min (pre-incubation); 4 h (LZ stimulation)
Result:

Effectively reduced LZ-induced phosphorylation of RIPK1, JAK1, and STAT1, and simultaneously downregulated protein levels of TNF-α and IL-6, with no significant effect on total RIPK1, JAK1, or STAT1 protein levels.

Western Blot Analysis^[4]

Cell Line:

TZ-stimulated HT22 mouse hippocampal neuronal cells
Concentration:

5 μM
Incubation Time:

30 min (pre-incubation); 4 h (TZ stimulation)
Result:

Effectively reduced TZ-induced phosphorylation of RIPK1, RIPK3, and MLKL, with no significant effect on total RIPK1, RIPK3, or MLKL protein levels.

Cell Cytotoxicity Assay^[4]

Cell Line:

HT22 mouse hippocampal neuronal cells treated with LZ-stimulated BV2 microglial cell-conditioned medium
Concentration:

5 μM
Incubation Time:

8 h (treated concurrently with BV2-LZ-su)
Result:

Significantly reduced LDH release induced by BV2-LZ-su, decreasing relative LDH release from ~100% to ~70% and preserving cell membrane integrity.

In Vivo

Ponicidin (5-10 mg/kg/day; oral; daily; 30 days) significantly improves cognitive function, reduces Aβ plaque deposition, and inhibits neuroinflammation and necroptosis in 5×FAD transgenic mice^[4].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Animal Model:

5×FAD transgenic mice (male, 12 weeks old)^[4]
Dosage:

5 mg/kg/day; 10 mg/kg/day
Administration:

oral; daily; 30 days
Result:

Increased novel arm entries and reduced novel arm latency (5 mg/kg, T-maze).
Increased novel arm travel distance, increased novel arm entries, and reduced novel arm latency (10 mg/kg, T-maze).
Increased novel arm travel distance and increased novel arm entries (5 mg/kg, Y-maze).
Increased novel arm travel distance, increased novel arm entries, and reduced novel arm latency (10 mg/kg, Y-maze).
Reduced target zone latency, reduced target zone errors, and reduced target zone deviation (10 mg/kg, Barnes maze).
Increased P-point duration in the probe trial (10 mg/kg, Morris water maze).
Reduced brain APP expression, reduced phosphorylation of RIPK1, RIPK3, MLKL, JAK1, and STAT1, and reduced brain TNF-α and IL-6 protein levels (5 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg, Western blot).
Reduced amyloid-beta (Aβ) plaque deposition in the cortex and hippocampus (10 mg/kg, immunohistochemistry).

Chemical Information

CAS No. 52617-37-5
Appearance Solid
Molecular Weight 362.42
Formula C₂₀H₂₆O₆
Color White to off-white
SMILES

O[C@]12[C@]3(C4=O)[C@]5([H])C6([C@](O[C@@]3([H])[C@](CC5)([H])C4=C)([H])O2)[C@](C(C)(CC[C@@H]6O)C)([H])[C@@H]1O
Synonyms

Rubescensine B
Structure Classification
- Terpenoids
- Diterpenoids
Initial Source
- Plants
- Labiatae
- Plants
- other families
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Storage

4°C, protect from light

* In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light)

Publications (4)

All Cell Proliferation/Viability AssayIFWB

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Journal Impact Factor

Phytomedicine

Ponicidin promotes ferroptosis to enhance treatment sensitivity in Lenvatinib-resistant hepatocellular carcinoma cells through regulation of KEAP1/NRF2. [Abstract]

2025 May 10:143:156824. PMID: 40382941
Phytomedicine

Ponicidin inhibited gallbladder cancer proliferation and metastasis by decreasing MAGEB2 expression through FOXO4. [Abstract]

2023 Jun:114:154785. PMID: 37002972

Ponicidin purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Phytomedicine. 2023 Jun:114:154785. [Abstract]

Ponicidin (5, 20 µM; 48 h) suppresses proliferation of NOZ and GBC-SD cells effectively.

Ponicidin purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Phytomedicine. 2023 Jun:114:154785. [Abstract]

Ponicidin (5, 20 µM; 24 h) decreases the migration and invasion capabilities of NOZ and GBC-SD cells.

Ponicidin purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Phytomedicine. 2023 Jun:114:154785. [Abstract]

Ponicidin (5, 20 µM) significantly reduces the expression of mesenchymal phenotypes biomarkers, vimentin and N-cadherin, while upregulating the expression of E-cadherin (a distinguishing factor of epithelial cells), in NOZ and GBC-SD cells.

Ponicidin purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Phytomedicine. 2023 Jun:114:154785. [Abstract]

Ponicidin (10, 20 mg/kg; p.o.; every 2 days for 4 weeks) significantly inhibits subcutaneous tumor growth in mice in a dose-dependent manner.
Mol Biol Rep

Ponicidin attenuates Aβ1-42-induced hippocampal cell injury through SIRT1 and PI3K/Akt pathways. [Abstract]

2025 Jul 24;52(1):752. PMID: 40705095
Biol Pharm Bull

Ponicidin Induces Apoptosis of Murine Melanoma by Inhibiting the NF-κB Signaling Pathway. [Abstract]

2023;46(6):803-810. PMID: 37258145

Solvent & Solubility

In Vitro:

DMSO : 125 mg/mL (344.90 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Preparing Stock Solutions

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Concentration Solvent Mass

1 mg

5 mg

10 mg

Concentration

Solvent

Mass

1 mM

2.7592 mL

13.7961 mL

27.5923 mL

5 mM

0.5518 mL

2.7592 mL

5.5185 mL

10 mM

0.2759 mL

1.3796 mL

2.7592 mL

Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

Molarity Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Mass Mass

Concentration Concentration

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Molecular Weight Molecular Weight

Dilution Calculator

Concentration _(start) × Volume _(start) = Concentration _(final) × Volume _(final)

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In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

Stock Solution Working Solution

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

Protocol 1

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline

Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (5.74 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

Protocol 2

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (5.74 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

Protocol 3

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% Corn Oil

Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (5.74 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown). If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 900 μL Corn oil, and mix evenly.

In Vivo Dissolution Calculator

Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage Dosage
mg/kg
Animal Weight (Per Animal) Animal Weight (Per Animal)
g
Dosing Volume (Per Animal) Dosing Volume (Per Animal)
μL
Number of Animals Number of Animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Please enter your animal formula composition:

%
DMSO +

Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
%
+
+
%
Tween-80 + +
%
Saline +

The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).

Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL

Purity & Documentation

Select Batch:

Purity: 99.98%

Assay: 99.98%

ee.: 99.98%

Data Sheet (300 KB)
SDS (392 KB)
- English - EN (392 KB)
- Français - FR (392 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (392 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (392 KB)
- Español - ES (392 KB)
- Swedish - SV (392 KB)
- Italian - IT (392 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (392 KB)
COA (2659 KB)
Elemental Analysis Report (2659 KB)
HNMR (2659 KB)
CNMR (2659 KB)
RP-HPLC (2659 KB)
NP-HPLC (2659 KB)
MS (2659 KB)
LCMS (2659 KB)
IR (2659 KB)
GC (2659 KB)
OR (2659 KB)
SDS-PAGE (2659 KB)
SEC-HPLC (2659 KB)
Other Report (2659 KB)
Handling Instructions (2659 KB)

References

[1]. Zhang JF, et al. Ponicidin inhibits cell growth on hepatocellular carcinoma cells by induction of apoptosis. Dig Liver Dis. 2007 Feb;39(2):160-6. [Content Brief]

[2]. Wang C, et al. Ponicidin attenuates Aβ_1-42-induced hippocampal cell injury through SIRT1 and PI3K/Akt pathways. Mol Biol Rep. 2025;52(1):752. Published 2025 Jul 24. [Content Brief]

[3]. Liu YF, et al. Ponicidin induces apoptosis via JAK2 and STAT3 signaling pathways in gastric carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci. 2015;16(1):1576-1589. Published 2015 Jan 12. [Content Brief]

[4]. Hu H, et al. Ponicidin ameliorates Alzheimer's disease through dual inhibition of RIPK1-mediated neuroinflammation and necroptosis. Int Immunopharmacol. 2026;171:116095. [Content Brief]

Help & FAQs

How should lyophilized recombinant proteins be reconstituted and stored?

1. Before opening the cap, centrifuge the vial at 13000 rpm for 20-30 seconds. This step will ensure that any lyophilized powder that may have adhered to the cap or walls is collected at the bottom of the vial, minimizing the risk of product loss.

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Optional Solvent	Concentration Solvent Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg	25 mg
DMSO	1 mM	2.7592 mL	13.7961 mL	27.5923 mL	68.9807 mL
	5 mM	0.5518 mL	2.7592 mL	5.5185 mL	13.7961 mL
	10 mM	0.2759 mL	1.3796 mL	2.7592 mL	6.8981 mL
	15 mM	0.1839 mL	0.9197 mL	1.8395 mL	4.5987 mL
	20 mM	0.1380 mL	0.6898 mL	1.3796 mL	3.4490 mL
	25 mM	0.1104 mL	0.5518 mL	1.1037 mL	2.7592 mL
	30 mM	0.0920 mL	0.4599 mL	0.9197 mL	2.2994 mL
	40 mM	0.0690 mL	0.3449 mL	0.6898 mL	1.7245 mL
	50 mM	0.0552 mL	0.2759 mL	0.5518 mL	1.3796 mL
	60 mM	0.0460 mL	0.2299 mL	0.4599 mL	1.1497 mL
	80 mM	0.0345 mL	0.1725 mL	0.3449 mL	0.8623 mL
	100 mM	0.0276 mL	0.1380 mL	0.2759 mL	0.6898 mL

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Ponicidin

Apoptosis Compound Library

Cell Cycle/DNA Damage Compound Library

Epigenetics Compound Library

Immunology/Inflammation Compound Library

JAK/STAT Compound Library

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