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epithelial dysfunction

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By Targets:	Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) (1) Apoptosis (1) Bcl-2 Family (1) Caspase (1) Environmental Pollutants (1) Estrogen Receptor/ERR (2) Fungal (2) Histone Methyltransferase (1) Interleukin Related (1) JNK (2) METTL3 (1) Mitochondrial Metabolism (1) Nuclear Hormone Receptor 4A/NR4A (1) p38 MAPK (2) PARP (2) PPAR (1) PROTACs (1) Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) (2) Reference Standards (2)
By Research Areas:	Cancer (3) Infection (2) Inflammation/Immunology (3) Metabolic Disease (2)

Inhibitors & Agonists

Inhibitory Antibodies

Natural
Products

Cat. No.	Product Name	Target	Research Areas	Chemical Structure

HY-111431

p-Cresyl sulfate 5+ Cited Publications p-Tolyl sulfate	JNK p38 MAPK Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)	Metabolic Disease
p-Cresyl sulfate (p-Tolyl sulfate) is a uremic toxin, that can cause renal damage and dysfunction. p-Cresyl sulfate shows antiproliferation activity. p-Cresyl sulfate increases the protein expression of HIF-1α and VHL, decreases the protein expression of HIF-2α. p-Cresyl sulfate induces epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). p-Cresyl sulfate activates the JNK and p38 MAPK signaling pathways .

HY-P99550

Tozorakimab 1 Publications Verification MEDI-3506	Interleukin Related	Inflammation/Immunology
Tozorakimab (MEDI-3506) is a human immunoglobulin G1 monoclonal antibody targeting interleukin-33. Tozorakimab reduces inflammation and epithelial dysfunction. Tozorakimab can be used to research chronic obstructive pulmonary disease .

HY-113884B

(S)-Coriolic acid 13(S)-HODE	PPAR Mitochondrial Metabolism	Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
(S)-Coriolic acid (13(S)-HODE), the product of 15-lipoxygenase (15-LOX) metabolism of linoleic acid, functions as the endogenous ligand to activate PPARγ. (S)-Coriolic acid is an important intracellular signal agent and is involved in cell proliferation and differentiation in various biological systems. (S)-Coriolic acid induces mitochondrial dysfunction and airway epithelial injury .

HY-N6625

Chlorothalonil 1 Publications Verification	Environmental Pollutants Estrogen Receptor/ERR Fungal	Infection
Chlorothalonil is a broad-spectrum foliar fungicide with oral activity. Chlorothalonil can be used to combat fungal diseases in vegetable and crop leaves. Chlorothalonil can alter the microbial community in the soil. Chlorothalonil inhibits spermatogenesis. Chlorothalonil can cause intestinal epithelial barrier dysfunction and fetal toxicity .

HY-N4031

Humantenine	Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) METTL3	Inflammation/Immunology
Humantenine is a highly toxic indole alkaloid from Gelsemium elegans (Gardn. & Champ.) Benth. that binds to RNA m6A modification regulatory proteins (ALKBH5, METTL). Humantenine stably binds via hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions and disrupts the m6A methylation level of target genes, thereby impairing the expression of intestinal epithelial cell tight junction and cytoskeleton-related genes, causing intestinal barrier dysfunction and significant intestinal cytotoxicity. The intraperitoneal injection LD₅₀ values of Humantenine are <1 mg/kg in mice, 1.2 mg/kg in male rats and 1.5 mg/kg in female rats, respectively. Species differences exist in the metabolism of Humantenine in human, porcine, goat and rat liver microsomes, and demethylation, dehydrogenation and oxidation occur in liver microsomes .

HY-N6625R

Chlorothalonil (Standard)	Reference Standards Fungal Estrogen Receptor/ERR	Infection
Chlorothalonil (Standard) is the analytical standard of Chlorothalonil. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Chlorothalonil is a broad-spectrum foliar fungicide with oral activity. Chlorothalonil can be used to combat fungal diseases in vegetable and crop leaves. Chlorothalonil can alter the microbial community in the soil. Chlorothalonil inhibits spermatogenesis. Chlorothalonil can cause intestinal epithelial barrier dysfunction and fetal toxicity .

HY-111431AR

p-Cresyl sulfate potassium (Standard) p-Tolyl sulfate potassium (Standard)	JNK p38 MAPK Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Reference Standards	Metabolic Disease
p-Cresyl sulfate (potassium) (Standard) is the analytical standard of p-Cresyl sulfate (potassium). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. p-Cresyl sulfate (p-Tolyl sulfate) potassium is a uremic toxin, that can cause renal damage and dysfunction. p-Cresyl sulfate potassium shows antiproliferation activity. p-Cresyl sulfate potassium increases the protein expression of HIF-1α and VHL, decreases the protein expression of HIF-2α. p-Cresyl sulfate potassium induces epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). p-Cresyl sulfate potassium activates the JNK and p38 MAPK signaling pathways .

HY-183274

Nur77 modulator 5	Nuclear Hormone Receptor 4A/NR4A Apoptosis PARP	Cancer
Nur77 modulator 5 is a Nur77 modulator. Nur77 modulator 5 induces lysosomal dysfunction, impaired autophagic flux, and apoptosis with increased PARP cleavage, TUNEL positivity, and Annexin V/PI staining. Nur77 modulator 5 can be used for the research of gastric cancer .

HY-181413

PROTAC EZH2 Degrader-44	PROTACs Histone Methyltransferase Bcl-2 Family Caspase PARP	Cancer
PROTAC EZH2 Degrader-44 (compound 60) is a highly efficient PROTAC degrader targeting the EZH2-PRC2 complex. By recruiting the CRBN E3 ligase and relying on the proteasome system, PROTAC EZH2 Degrader-44 simultaneously induces the degradation of core components EZH2, SUZ12 and EED, thereby significantly reducing the levels of H3K27me3 and CARM1. PROTAC EZH2 Degrader-44 exerts antiproliferative effects through a dual mechanism: on the one hand, it triggers mitochondrial dysfunction leading to decreased membrane potential; on the other hand, it strongly promotes apoptosis by regulating Bcl-2 family proteins (upregulating Bax, Caspase-3 and PARP, and downregulating Bcl-2). PROTAC EZH2 Degrader-44 exhibits only extremely low cytotoxicity in human normal mammary epithelial, liver and kidney cells, showing a favorable safety window. PROTAC EZH2 Degrader-44 is an ideal tool molecule for exploring the mechanisms of targeted therapy for triple-negative breast cancer .

Cat. No.	Product Name	Target	Research Area	Image

HY-P99550

Tozorakimab 1 Publications Verification MEDI-3506	Interleukin Related	Inflammation/Immunology
Tozorakimab (MEDI-3506) is a human immunoglobulin G1 monoclonal antibody targeting interleukin-33. Tozorakimab reduces inflammation and epithelial dysfunction. Tozorakimab can be used to research chronic obstructive pulmonary disease .

Cat. No.	Product Name	Category	Target	Chemical Structure

HY-111431

p-Cresyl sulfate 5+ Cited Publications p-Tolyl sulfate	Natural Products Classification of Application Fields Metabolic Disease Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Source Classification	JNK p38 MAPK Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)
p-Cresyl sulfate (p-Tolyl sulfate) is a uremic toxin, that can cause renal damage and dysfunction. p-Cresyl sulfate shows antiproliferation activity. p-Cresyl sulfate increases the protein expression of HIF-1α and VHL, decreases the protein expression of HIF-2α. p-Cresyl sulfate induces epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). p-Cresyl sulfate activates the JNK and p38 MAPK signaling pathways .

HY-113884B

(S)-Coriolic acid 13(S)-HODE	Other disease Disease markers Endogenous metabolite	PPAR Mitochondrial Metabolism
(S)-Coriolic acid (13(S)-HODE), the product of 15-lipoxygenase (15-LOX) metabolism of linoleic acid, functions as the endogenous ligand to activate PPARγ. (S)-Coriolic acid is an important intracellular signal agent and is involved in cell proliferation and differentiation in various biological systems. (S)-Coriolic acid induces mitochondrial dysfunction and airway epithelial injury .

HY-N4031

Humantenine	Alkaloids Structural Classification Classification of Application Fields Other Diseases Loganiaceae Plants Gelsemium eleganis (Gardn. et Champ.) Benth. Disease Research Fields Indole Alkaloids Source Classification	Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) METTL3
Humantenine is a highly toxic indole alkaloid from Gelsemium elegans (Gardn. & Champ.) Benth. that binds to RNA m6A modification regulatory proteins (ALKBH5, METTL). Humantenine stably binds via hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions and disrupts the m6A methylation level of target genes, thereby impairing the expression of intestinal epithelial cell tight junction and cytoskeleton-related genes, causing intestinal barrier dysfunction and significant intestinal cytotoxicity. The intraperitoneal injection LD₅₀ values of Humantenine are <1 mg/kg in mice, 1.2 mg/kg in male rats and 1.5 mg/kg in female rats, respectively. Species differences exist in the metabolism of Humantenine in human, porcine, goat and rat liver microsomes, and demethylation, dehydrogenation and oxidation occur in liver microsomes .

HY-111431AR

p-Cresyl sulfate potassium (Standard) p-Tolyl sulfate potassium (Standard)	Structural Classification Natural Products Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Endogenous metabolite Source Classification	JNK p38 MAPK Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Reference Standards
p-Cresyl sulfate (potassium) (Standard) is the analytical standard of p-Cresyl sulfate (potassium). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. p-Cresyl sulfate (p-Tolyl sulfate) potassium is a uremic toxin, that can cause renal damage and dysfunction. p-Cresyl sulfate potassium shows antiproliferation activity. p-Cresyl sulfate potassium increases the protein expression of HIF-1α and VHL, decreases the protein expression of HIF-2α. p-Cresyl sulfate potassium induces epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). p-Cresyl sulfate potassium activates the JNK and p38 MAPK signaling pathways .

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BODIPY 493/503 purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Nat Commun. 2025 Feb 1;16(1):1241. [Abstract]

MedchemExpress Validation 01

Western blot analysis of extracts from THP-1(lane 2(20μg), Jurkat (lane 3(20μg) and NIH3T3(lane 4(20μg) using FOXO1A (HY-P80132) Rabbit mAb. Proteins were transferred to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% non-fat milk in TBST for 2 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (1/1000) and Loading control antibody (Beta Actin, HY-P80438, 1/10000) was used in 5% non-fat milk in TBST at 4°C overnight. Goat Anti-Mouse/Rabbit IgG-HRP Secondary Antibody (1/10000) was used for 1 hour at room temperature. Western blot analysis of extracts from THP-1(lane 2(20μg), Jurkat (lane 3(20μg) and NIH3T3(lane 4(20μg) using FOXO1A (HY-P80132) Rabbit mAb. Proteins were transferred to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% non-fat milk in TBST for 2 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (1/1000) and Loading control antibody (Beta Actin, HY-P80438, 1/10000) was used in 5% non-fat milk in TBST at 4°C overnight. Goat Anti-Mouse/Rabbit IgG-HRP Secondary Antibody (1/10000) was used for 1 hour at room temperature. Western blot analysis of extracts from THP-1(lane 2(20μg), Jurkat (lane 3(20μg) and NIH3T3(lane 4(20μg) using FOXO1A (HY-P80132) Rabbit mAb. Proteins were transferred to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% non-fat milk in TBST for 2 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (1/1000) and Loading control antibody (Beta Actin, HY-P80438, 1/10000) was used in 5% non-fat milk in TBST at 4°C overnight. Goat Anti-Mouse/Rabbit IgG-HRP Secondary Antibody (1/10000) was used for 1 hour at room temperature.

BODIPY 493/503 purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Nat Commun. 2025 Feb 1;16(1):1241. [Abstract]

MedchemExpress Validation 01

MedchemExpress Validation 03

Western blot analysis of extracts from THP-1(lane 2(20μg), Jurkat (lane 3(20μg) and NIH3T3(lane 4(20μg) using FOXO1A (HY-P80132) Rabbit mAb. Proteins were transferred

MedchemExpress Validation 04

MedchemExpress Validation

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epithelial dysfunction

Inhibitors & Agonists

Inhibitory Antibodies

NaturalProducts

Natural
Products