Cat. No.: HY-B1337

Choline chloride

4 Cited Publications

Customer Review

Based on 4 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Choline chloride is an essential nutrient that activates alpha7 nicotinic receptors and has analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity. Glycerophosphoinositol choline can affect diseases such as liver disease, atherosclerosis and neurological disorders.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

Purity: 99.94%
CAS No.: 67-48-1
Formula: C₅H₁₄ClNO
Molecular Weight:139.62

Storage:

Store at room temperature, keep dry and cool.

In solvent -80°C, 1 year , -20°C, 6 months

Choline chloride Chemical Structure

CAS No.: 67-48-1

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Top Publications Citing

Use of MCE Products

Fluorescent Dye

Strong Fluorescence Signal / Multi-Disciplinary Applications / High Fluorescence Specificity

Biological Activity
- Description
- IC₅₀ & Target
- Cellular Effect
- In Vitro
- In Vivo
- Clinical Trial
Chemical Information
Publications (4)
Solvent & Solubility
- In Vitro
- In Vivo
Purity & Documentation
References
Help & FAQs
Classifications
Bioz

Biological Activity

Description

IC₅₀ & Target

Human Endogenous Metabolite

All Endogenous Metabolite Isoforms :

Cellular Effect

Cell Line	Type	Value	Description	References
HEK293	EC₅₀	17 μM Compound: 6209	Substrate uptake and inhibition of the High Affinity Choline Transporter 1 (CHT1, SLC5A7) as assessed by the fluorescent FLIPR membrane potential dye in HEK-293 JumpIN-SLC5A7 cells Substrate uptake and inhibition of the High Affinity Choline Transporter 1 (CHT1, SLC5A7) as assessed by the fluorescent FLIPR membrane potential dye in HEK-293 JumpIN-SLC5A7 cells	10.5281/zenodo.7361355
HEK293	EC₅₀	17 μM Compound: 6209	Substrate uptake and inhibition of the High Affinity Choline Transporter 1 (CHT1, SLC5A7) as assessed by the fluorescent FLIPR membrane potential dye in HEK-293 JumpIN-SLC5A7 cells (PubChem AID: 1794811) Substrate uptake and inhibition of the High Affinity Choline Transporter 1 (CHT1, SLC5A7) as assessed by the fluorescent FLIPR membrane potential dye in HEK-293 JumpIN-SLC5A7 cells (PubChem AID: 1794811)	10.5281/zenodo.7361355

In Vitro

Choline chloride (0 or 70 μM, 4 days) can effectively mitigate apoptosis and maintain cell viability^[1].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Cell Viability Assay^[1]

Cell Line:

Rat pheochromocytoma cells PC12
Concentration:

0 or 70 μM
Incubation Time:

4 days
Result:

Showed the cell viability of 94% at 70 μM while cell viability of 83% at 0 μM.
Reduced the number of cells with DNA breaks (characteristic of apoptosis) by 8.5% at 70 μM compared to the no treatment group.

In Vivo

Choline chloride (s.c., 0.2 and 100 mg/kg/h, 24 or 48 hours) can reduce postoperative injurious reflexes and effectively decreases tumor necrosis factor (TNF) release from macrophages in female C57/Bl6 mice^[2].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Animal Model:

Postoperative pain model of female C57/Bl6 mice^[2]
Dosage:

0.2 and 100 mg/kg/h
Administration:

Subcutaneous injection, 24 or 48 hours
Result:

Reduced heat hypersensitivity after surgery with maximal efficacy after 48 h treatment and the ED₅₀ value of choline dose was 1.7 mg/kg/h.
Reduced hypersensitivity to punctate mechanical stimuli 48 hours after infusion in a dose-dependent manner and with the ED₅₀ value of 4.7 mg/kg/h but not 24 hours.

Clinical Trial

NCT Number	Sponsor	Condition	Start Date	Phase A549
NCT01329991	Plexxikon\|		2011-05	PHASE1

Chemical Information

CAS No. 67-48-1
Appearance Solid
Molecular Weight 139.62
Formula C₅H₁₄ClNO
Color White to off-white
SMILES

OCC[N+](C)(C)C.[Cl-]
Structure Classification
- Others
Initial Source
- Endogenous metabolite
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

Storage

Store at room temperature, keep dry and cool

In solvent	-80°C	1 year
	-20°C	6 months

Publications (4)

All Cell Proliferation/Viability AssayCell Migration/Invasion AssayRT-PCRIn Vivo Efficacy Study

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Journal Impact Factor

Cell Death Dis

DHRS2 inhibits cell growth and metastasis in ovarian cancer by downregulation of CHKα to disrupt choline metabolism. [Abstract]

2022 Oct 3;13(10):845. PMID: 36192391
Phytomedicine

Motherwort synergized with oxytocin for postpartum hemorrhage prevention: Integrated clinical efficacy and mechanism exploration. [Abstract]

2025 Sep:145:156951. PMID: 40527062
J Hazard Mater

EHDPP impairs intestinal microbiota homeostasis and induces placental injury through choline mediated gut-placenta axis. [Abstract]

2025 Jun 5:489:137573. PMID: 40007358

Choline chloride purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: J Hazard Mater. 2025 Jun 5:489:137573. [Abstract]

Choline (30 μM, 24 h) demonstrated no cytotoxic effects but partially mitigated the inhibition of cell viability induced by EHDPP in HTR-8/SVneo and JEG-3 cells.

Choline chloride purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: J Hazard Mater. 2025 Jun 5:489:137573. [Abstract]

Choline (30 μM, 24 h) reversed EHDPP-induced cell migration inhibition in HTR-8/SVneo cells.

Choline chloride purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: J Hazard Mater. 2025 Jun 5:489:137573. [Abstract]

Choline (30 μM, 24 h) reversed the EHDPP-induced decrease of mRNA levels of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β in HTR-8/SVneo cells.

Choline chloride purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: J Hazard Mater. 2025 Jun 5:489:137573. [Abstract]

Choline supplementation (25 mM choline-containing water for 31.5 days) significantly increased uterine size, fetal weight, placental weight, and placental diameter that were reduced by EHDPP exposure.

Choline chloride purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: J Hazard Mater. 2025 Jun 5:489:137573. [Abstract]

Choline supplementation (25 mM choline-containing water for 31.5 days) alleviated the decrease in mRNA expression of the proliferation marker Ki67 and the vascular differentiation marker CD31 induced by EHDPP.
Antioxidants (Basel)

Role of Mitochondrial Reactive Oxygen Species-Mediated Chaperone-Mediated Autophagy and Lipophagy in Baicalin and N-Acetylcysteine Mitigation of Cadmium-Induced Lipid Accumulation in Liver. [Abstract]

2024 Jan 17;13(1):115. PMID: 38247538

Solvent & Solubility

In Vitro:

DMSO : ≥ 140 mg/mL (1002.72 mM; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

H₂O : ≥ 100 mg/mL (716.23 mM)

* "≥" means soluble, but saturation unknown.

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Preparing Stock Solutions

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Concentration Solvent Mass

1 mg

5 mg

10 mg

Concentration

Solvent

Mass

1 mM

7.1623 mL

35.8115 mL

71.6230 mL

5 mM

1.4325 mL

7.1623 mL

14.3246 mL

10 mM

0.7162 mL

3.5811 mL

7.1623 mL

Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 1 year; -20°C, 6 months. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 1 year. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 6 months.

* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

Molarity Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Mass Mass

Concentration Concentration

Volume Volume

Molecular Weight Molecular Weight

Dilution Calculator

Concentration _(start) × Volume _(start) = Concentration _(final) × Volume _(final)

Concentration _(start) Concentration _(start)

Volume _(start) Volume _(start)

Concentration _(final) Concentration _(final)

Volume _(final) Volume _(final)

In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

Stock Solution Working Solution

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

Protocol 1

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline

Solubility: ≥ 3.5 mg/mL (25.07 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 3.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (35.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

Protocol 2

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

Solubility: ≥ 3.5 mg/mL (25.07 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 3.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (35.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

Protocol 3

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% Corn Oil

Solubility: ≥ 3.5 mg/mL (25.07 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 3.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown). If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (35.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL Corn oil, and mix evenly.

Working Solution

For the following dissolution methods, please prepare the working solution directly:

It is recommended to prepare fresh solutions and use them promptly within a short period of time.

The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

Protocol 1

Add each solvent one by one: PBS

Solubility: 130 mg/mL (931.10 mM); Clear solution; Need ultrasonic

In Vivo Dissolution Calculator

Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage Dosage
mg/kg
Animal Weight (Per Animal) Animal Weight (Per Animal)
g
Dosing Volume (Per Animal) Dosing Volume (Per Animal)
μL
Number of Animals Number of Animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL

This product has good water solubility, please refer to the measured solubility data in water/PBS/Saline for details.

The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only.If necessary, please contact

MedChemExpress (MCE) .

Purity & Documentation

Select Batch:

Purity: 99.98%

Assay: 99.98%

ee.: 99.98%

Data Sheet (275 KB)
SDS (396 KB)
- English - EN (396 KB)
- Français - FR (396 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (396 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (396 KB)
- Español - ES (396 KB)
- Swedish - SV (396 KB)
- Italian - IT (396 KB)
- Korean - KR (396 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (396 KB)
COA (2659 KB)
Elemental Analysis Report (2659 KB)
HNMR (2659 KB)
CNMR (2659 KB)
RP-HPLC (2659 KB)
NP-HPLC (2659 KB)
MS (2659 KB)
LCMS (2659 KB)
IR (2659 KB)
GC (2659 KB)
OR (2659 KB)
SDS-PAGE (2659 KB)
SEC-HPLC (2659 KB)
Other Report (2659 KB)
Handling Instructions (2659 KB)

References

[1]. M Q Holmes-McNary, et al. Apoptosis is induced by choline deficiency in fetal brain and in PC12 cells. Brain Res Dev Brain Res. 1997 Jul 18;101(1-2):9-16. [Content Brief]

[2]. T J Rowley, et al. Antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects of choline in a mouse model of postoperative pain. Br J Anaesth. 2010 Aug;105(2):201-7. [Content Brief]

Help & FAQs

How should lyophilized recombinant proteins be reconstituted and stored?

1. Before opening the cap, centrifuge the vial at 13000 rpm for 20-30 seconds. This step will ensure that any lyophilized powder that may have adhered to the cap or walls is collected at the bottom of the vial, minimizing the risk of product loss.

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 1 year; -20°C, 6 months. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 1 year. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 6 months.

Optional Solvent	Concentration Solvent Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg	25 mg
H₂O / DMSO	1 mM	7.1623 mL	35.8115 mL	71.6230 mL	179.0574 mL
	5 mM	1.4325 mL	7.1623 mL	14.3246 mL	35.8115 mL
	10 mM	0.7162 mL	3.5811 mL	7.1623 mL	17.9057 mL
	15 mM	0.4775 mL	2.3874 mL	4.7749 mL	11.9372 mL
	20 mM	0.3581 mL	1.7906 mL	3.5811 mL	8.9529 mL
	25 mM	0.2865 mL	1.4325 mL	2.8649 mL	7.1623 mL
	30 mM	0.2387 mL	1.1937 mL	2.3874 mL	5.9686 mL
	40 mM	0.1791 mL	0.8953 mL	1.7906 mL	4.4764 mL
	50 mM	0.1432 mL	0.7162 mL	1.4325 mL	3.5811 mL
	60 mM	0.1194 mL	0.5969 mL	1.1937 mL	2.9843 mL
	80 mM	0.0895 mL	0.4476 mL	0.8953 mL	2.2382 mL
	100 mM	0.0716 mL	0.3581 mL	0.7162 mL	1.7906 mL

* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

Keywords

Choline chloride

4 Cited Publications

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Choline chloride

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Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) Choline chloride

All Endogenous Metabolite Isoforms

Biological Activity

Chemical Information

Publications (4)

Solvent & Solubility

Purity & Documentation

References

Help & FAQs

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Choline chloride Related Classifications

HY-B1337 Related Classifications