Flavin adenine dinucleotide
Based on 8 publication(s) in Google Scholar
Flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) is a redox cofactor, more specifically a prosthetic group of a protein, involved in several important enzymatic reactions in metabolism.
For research use only. We do not sell to patients.
- Purity: 98.93%
- CAS No.: 146-14-5
- Formula: C27H33N9O15P2
- Molecular Weight:785.55
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Storage:
4°C, protect from light
* In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light)
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Chemical Information
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Solvent & Solubility
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- Purity & Documentation
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Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) Flavin adenine dinucleotide
More- Cell Metab. 2026 Mar 3;38(3):565-581.e5. [Abstract]
- Nat Commun. 2025 Oct 29;16(1):9547. [Abstract]
- Nat Commun. 2025 Jan 2;16(1):212. [Abstract]
- J Med Chem. 2024 Nov 14;67(21):19874-19888. [Abstract]
- Microb Biotechnol. 2025 Oct;18(10):e70254. [Abstract]
- Int J Mol Sci. 2025 Feb 6;26(3):1381. [Abstract]
- Res Sq. 2025 Oct 3.
- SSRN. 2025 Sep 11.
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Cell Proliferation/Viability Assay
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All Endogenous Metabolite Isoforms
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Biological Activity
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Human Endogenous Metabolite |
Microbial Metabolite |
Poly(Flavin adenine dinucleotide, FAD) characterized by an additional polymer-type redox reaction is a highly effective electrocatalyst for NADH oxidation: operating at the lowest potentials reported for NADH transducers (0.00 V, pH 7.4), poly(FAD) is characterized by the electrochemical rate constant of 1.8 ± 0.6×10-3 cm/s, which is at the level of the NADH mass-transfer constant. Poly(FAD)-modified electrodes are characterized by the dramatically improved stability and, is the most advantageous NADH transducers for analytical chemistry[2].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
| NCT Number | Sponsor | Condition | Start Date |
Phase
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NCT01329991 | Plexxikon| | 2011-05 | PHASE1 |
Chemical Information
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CAS No. 146-14-5
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Appearance Solid
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Molecular Weight 785.55
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Formula C27H33N9O15P2
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Color Yellow to orange
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SMILES
NC1=NC=NC2=C1N=CN2[C@H]3[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](COP(OP(OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)CN4C(C(C(N5)=O)=NC6=C4C=C(C)C(C)=C6)=NC5=O)(O)=O)(O)=O)O3
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Synonyms
FAD
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Structure Classification
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Shipping
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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Storage
4°C, protect from light
* In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light)
Publications (8)
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Journal Impact Factor
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Most Recent
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Cell Metab
Microbial metabolite FAD mobilizes adipocyte lipid remodeling to enhance cancer immunotherapy efficacy. [Abstract]2026 Mar 3;38(3):565-581.e5. PMID: 41570815 -
Nat Commun
FAD synthase confers ferroptosis resistance and restrains CD8+ T cell recruitment in hepatocellular carcinoma. [Abstract]2025 Oct 29;16(1):9547. PMID: 41162372
Flavin adenine dinucleotide purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Nat Commun. 2025 Oct 29;16(1):9547. [Abstract]
Hep3B and HCCLM3 cells treated with Riboflavin (VB2; 10 µM), Riboflavin phosphate sodium (FMN; 10 µM), Flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD; 10 µM), or PBS (Ctrl) for 48 h, followed by CCK-8 assay.
Flavin adenine dinucleotide purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Nat Commun. 2025 Oct 29;16(1):9547. [Abstract]
Relative mRNA levels of interferon-stimulated genes (ISG15, IFIT1, IFNB1) and chemokines (CCL5, CXCL9, CXCL10) in Hep3B cells (n = 3 biological replicates). Flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD), 20 µM for 48 h; H-151 (STING inhibitor), 1 μM for 12 h.
Flavin adenine dinucleotide purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Nat Commun. 2025 Oct 29;16(1):9547. [Abstract]
Levels of ROS and lipid peroxidation in Hep3B cells (n = 3 biological replicates). Flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD), 20 µM for 48 h.
Flavin adenine dinucleotide purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Nat Commun. 2025 Oct 29;16(1):9547. [Abstract]
GR activity, GSH levels, and GSH/GSSG ratio in Hep3B cells (n = 4 biological replicates). Flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD), 20 µM for 48 h.
Flavin adenine dinucleotide purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Nat Commun. 2025 Oct 29;16(1):9547. [Abstract]
Hep3B cells with FADS-knockdown treated with VB2 (10 µM), FMN (10 µM), Flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD;10 µM), or PBS (Ctrl) for 48 h, followed by CCK-8 assay.
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Nat Commun
Mitochondrial-cytochrome c oxidase II promotes glutaminolysis to sustain tumor cell survival upon glucose deprivation. [Abstract]2025 Jan 2;16(1):212. PMID: 39747079 -
J Med Chem
Target Ligand Separation and Identification of Isoforsythiaside as a Histone Lysine-Specific Demethylase 1 Covalent Inhibitor Against Breast Cancer Metastasis. [Abstract]2024 Nov 14;67(21):19874-19888. PMID: 39499621 -
Microb Biotechnol
Novel Anthraquinone Chlorination Contributes to Pigmentation and ATP Formation in Thermomyces dupontii. [Abstract]2025 Oct;18(10):e70254. PMID: 41123250 -
Int J Mol Sci
Discovery of TRPV4-Targeting Small Molecules with Anti-Influenza Effects Through Machine Learning and Experimental Validation. [Abstract]2025 Feb 6;26(3):1381. PMID: 39941149 -
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Solvent & Solubility
H2O : ≥ 100 mg/mL (127.30 mM)
* "≥" means soluble, but saturation unknown.
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
Protocol
Dogs[1]
The dogs are divided into 3 groups and they are received the following treatments. Each group consists of 6 dogs. Dogs in group I as control, are given 2 mL/kg of physiological saline by intravenous injection. Ten min after the start of the first injection, another dose of saline, 1 mL/kg, is injected intravenously. Dogs in group II are given i.v. 2 mL saline/kg. Ten min afterwards, 1 mg chlorpromazine(CPZ)/kg is injected. Dogs in group III are given i.v. Flavin Adenin Dinucleotide, 2 mg/kg. Ten min later, they are given CPZ, 1 mg/kg. All solutions is administrated in 1 min or 2. Blood samples are taken before and 10, 20, 30, and 40 min after the intravenous injection of saline (groups I and II) or Flavin Adenin Dinucleotide (group III). Serum K+ and blood pH are also measured. Heart rate, blood pressure and ventricular fibrillation threshold (VFT) of each dog are recorded at the same intervals[1].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Purity & Documentation
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Data Sheet (276 KB)
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SDS (393 KB)
- English - EN (393 KB)
- Français - FR (393 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (393 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (393 KB)
- Español - ES (393 KB)
- Swedish - SV (393 KB)
- Italian - IT (393 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (393 KB)
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Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References
[1]. Sugiyama S, et al. Protection of chlorpromazine-induced arrhythmia by flavin-adenine-dinucleotide in canine heart. Jpn Heart J. 1979 Sep;20(5):657-65. [Content Brief]
[2]. Karyakin AA, et al. Electropolymerized flavin adenine dinucleotide as an advanced NADH transducer. Anal Chem. 2004 Apr 1;76(7):2004-9. [Content Brief]
Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
| Optional Solvent | Concentration Solvent Mass | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | 25 mg |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| H2O | 1 mM | 1.2730 mL | 6.3650 mL | 12.7299 mL | 31.8248 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.2546 mL | 1.2730 mL | 2.5460 mL | 6.3650 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.1273 mL | 0.6365 mL | 1.2730 mL | 3.1825 mL | |
| 15 mM | 0.0849 mL | 0.4243 mL | 0.8487 mL | 2.1217 mL | |
| 20 mM | 0.0636 mL | 0.3182 mL | 0.6365 mL | 1.5912 mL | |
| 25 mM | 0.0509 mL | 0.2546 mL | 0.5092 mL | 1.2730 mL | |
| 30 mM | 0.0424 mL | 0.2122 mL | 0.4243 mL | 1.0608 mL | |
| 40 mM | 0.0318 mL | 0.1591 mL | 0.3182 mL | 0.7956 mL | |
| 50 mM | 0.0255 mL | 0.1273 mL | 0.2546 mL | 0.6365 mL | |
| 60 mM | 0.0212 mL | 0.1061 mL | 0.2122 mL | 0.5304 mL | |
| 80 mM | 0.0159 mL | 0.0796 mL | 0.1591 mL | 0.3978 mL | |
| 100 mM | 0.0127 mL | 0.0636 mL | 0.1273 mL | 0.3182 mL |
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
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