2. Immunology/Inflammation
  3. Toll-like Receptor (TLR)
  4. MMG-11

MMG-11 is a potent and selective human TLR2 antagonist with low cytotoxicity. MMG-11 inhibits both TLR2/1 and TLR2/6 signaling with IC50s of 1.7 µM for Pam3CSK4-induced hTLR2/1 and 5.7 µM for Pam2CSK4-induced hTLR2/6 responses.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

CAS No. : 313254-94-3

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Solid + Solvent (Highly Recommended)
10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO
ready for reconstitution
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Customer Review

Based on 5 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Other Forms of MMG-11:

MMG-11 Related Antibodies

Top Publications Citing Use of Products

    MMG-11 purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Biomed Pharmacother. 2025 Sep 17:192:118569.  [Abstract]

    APAP-induced NETs formation through TLR2/NLRP3/GSDMD signaling. Sytox green-based NETosis assay and ATP-based cell viability. TLR2i (MMG-11, HY-112146).

    MMG-11 purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Adv Biol (Weinh). 2025 Jun 4:e00761.  [Abstract]

    The MET formation of macrophages pretreated with inhibitors of TLR2 (HY‐112146; MMG-11), TLR4 (HY‐11109; Resatorvid) and RAGE (HY‐P2268; RAGE antagonist peptide) prior to incubation with pyroptotic‐CM was evaluated with SYTOX Green staining and detected by flow cytometry.

    MMG-11 purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Adv Biol (Weinh). 2025 Jun 4:e00761.  [Abstract]

    Macrophages were pretreated with inhibitors of TLR2 (MMG-11; HY‐112146), TLR4 (Resatorvid; HY‐11109), TLR9 (TLR7/8/9-IN-1; HY-131952) and RAGE (RAGE antagonist peptide; HY‐P2268) prior to coculture with pyroptotic‐CM, and the p‐p38 and p‐p65 levels in macrophages were measured by western blotting.

    MMG-11 purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Adv Biol (Weinh). 2025 Jun 4:e00761.  [Abstract]

    The MET formation of macrophages pretreated with inhibitors of (MMG-11; HY‐112146), TLR4 (Resatorvid; HY‐11109) and RAGE (RAGE antagonist peptide; HY‐P2268) prior to incubation with pyroptotic‐CM was detected by flow cytometry.

    MMG-11 purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Cell Commun Signal. 2023 May 1;21(1):86.  [Abstract]

    Neutrophils isolated from healthy individuals were pretreated with inhibitors of TLR2 (HY-112146; MMG-11), TLR4 (HY-107575; TLR4-IN-C34 ), TLR9 (HY-131952; TLR7/8/9-IN-1) and RAGE (HY-P2268; RAGE antagonist peptide) for 1 h prior to coculture with hypoxic-CM from GC cells, and the p-p38 level in neutrophils was measured by western blotting.

    MMG-11 purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Cell Commun Signal. 2023 May 1;21(1):86.  [Abstract]

    Neutrophils isolated from healthy individuals were pretreated with inhibitors of TLR2 (HY-112146; MMG-11), TLR4 (HY-107575; TLR4-IN-C34 ), TLR9 (HY-131952; TLR7/8/9-IN-1) and RAGE (HY-P2268; RAGE antagonist peptide) for 1 h prior to coculture with hypoxic-CM from GC cells, and the NET formation was detected with MPO and citH3 staining. Magnification: 20 × . Scale bars: 50 μm. All values are the means ± SDs. ns = not significant, **P < 0.01

    MMG-11 purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Mol Immunol. 2021 Feb;130:85-95.  [Abstract]

    RAW264.7 cells were treated with Pam3CSK4 BCG or MMG-11 for 12 h respectively. The expression of LincRNA-Cox2 was detected by qRT-PCR.

    View All Toll-like Receptor (TLR) Isoform Specific Products:

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    TLR3 TLR8 TLR9 TLR2 TLR4 TLR7 TLR1 TLR6

    • Biological Activity

    • Purity & Documentation

    • References

    • Customer Review

    Description

    MMG-11 is a potent and selective human TLR2 antagonist with low cytotoxicity. MMG-11 inhibits both TLR2/1 and TLR2/6 signaling with IC50s of 1.7 µM for Pam3CSK4-induced hTLR2/1 and 5.7 µM for Pam2CSK4-induced hTLR2/6 responses[1].

    IC50 & Target[1]

    TLR2

     

    In Vitro

    MMG-11 neither shows cellular toxicity nor interference with signaling induced by other TLR agonists, IL-1β or TNF. MMG-11 (0.01-100 μM) shows no cytotoxic effects up to 100 μM in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs)[1].

    MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

    MMG-11 Related Antibodies

    Cell Cytotoxicity Assay[1]

    Cell Line: PBMCs
    Concentration: 0.01, 1, 10, 100 µM
    Incubation Time:
    Result: Showed no cytotoxic effects up to 100 µM.
    Molecular Weight

    306.27

    Formula

    C15H14O7
    CAS No.
    Appearance

    Solid

    Color

    Light yellow to brown

    SMILES

    OC1=C(O)C(O)=C(C(CC2=CC=C(C(OCC)=O)O2)=O)C=C1
    Shipping

    Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
    Storage
    Powder -20°C 3 years
    4°C 2 years
    In solvent -80°C 6 months
    -20°C 1 month
    Solvent & Solubility
    In Vitro: 

    DMSO : 100 mg/mL (326.51 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

    Preparing
    Stock Solutions
    Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
    1 mM 3.2651 mL 16.3255 mL 32.6509 mL
    5 mM 0.6530 mL 3.2651 mL 6.5302 mL
    View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

    * Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
    Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

    • Molarity Calculator

    • Dilution Calculator

    Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

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    Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

    This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

    Concentration (start)

    C1

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    Volume (start)

    V1

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    C2

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    V2

    In Vivo:

    Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

    For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
    To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
    The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

    • Protocol 1

      Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    40% PEG300    5% Tween-80    45% Saline

      Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (6.79 mM); Clear solution

      This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

      Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

      Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
    • Protocol 2

      Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

      Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (6.79 mM); Clear solution

      This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

      Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

      Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
    In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
    Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

    Dosage

    mg/kg

    Animal weight
    (per animal)

    g

    Dosing volume
    (per animal)

    μL

    Number of animals

    Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
    Please enter your animal formula composition:
    %
    DMSO +
    % 
    +
    %
    Tween-80 +
    %
    Saline
    Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
    The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
    Calculation results:
    Working solution concentration: mg/mL
    Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL  DMSO (Stock solution concentration: mg/mL).
    The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only. If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
    Method for preparing in vivo working solution for animal experiments: Take μL DMSO stock solution, add μL . μL , mix evenly, next add μL Tween 80, mix evenly, then add μL Saline.
     If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.
    Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
    Purity & Documentation

    Purity: 99.24%

    SDS (393 KB)

    COA (248 KB) HNMR (278 KB) LCMS (90 KB)

    Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
    References

    Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

    * Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
    Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

    Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
    DMSO 1 mM 3.2651 mL 16.3255 mL 32.6509 mL 81.6273 mL
    5 mM 0.6530 mL 3.2651 mL 6.5302 mL 16.3255 mL
    10 mM 0.3265 mL 1.6325 mL 3.2651 mL 8.1627 mL
    15 mM 0.2177 mL 1.0884 mL 2.1767 mL 5.4418 mL
    20 mM 0.1633 mL 0.8163 mL 1.6325 mL 4.0814 mL
    25 mM 0.1306 mL 0.6530 mL 1.3060 mL 3.2651 mL
    30 mM 0.1088 mL 0.5442 mL 1.0884 mL 2.7209 mL
    40 mM 0.0816 mL 0.4081 mL 0.8163 mL 2.0407 mL
    50 mM 0.0653 mL 0.3265 mL 0.6530 mL 1.6325 mL
    60 mM 0.0544 mL 0.2721 mL 0.5442 mL 1.3605 mL
    80 mM 0.0408 mL 0.2041 mL 0.4081 mL 1.0203 mL
    100 mM 0.0327 mL 0.1633 mL 0.3265 mL 0.8163 mL
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    MMG-11 Related Classifications

    Help & FAQs
    • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

      Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

    Keywords:

    MMG-11313254-94-3MMG11MMG 11Toll-like Receptor (TLR)Inhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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