Gramineae Extract

Apigeninidin (Gesneridin) chloride, a 3‐deoxyanthocyanidin, is a fungal growth inhibitor. Apigeninidin chloride is a bioactive red biocolorant.

13-cis-Vitamin A palmitate (13-cis-Retinyl palmitate) is a 13-cis isomer formed by vitamin A palmitate in corn flakes. 13-cis-Vitamin A palmitate has a biological activity of 75% of all-trans-vitamin A palmitate, the most biologically ac-tive form of vitamin A.

Isoeuphorbetin, a dimeric coumarin isolated from Viola philippica, is a potent HCV protease inhibitor with an IC₅₀ of 3.63 µg/mL.

Carlinoside is a flavone glycoside with hepatoprotective efficiency. Carlinoside reduces hepatic bilirubin accumulation by stimulating bilirubin-UGT activity through Nrf2 gene expression. Carlinoside has the potential to intervene hyperbilirubinemia due to liver dysfunction.

α-Chaconine (Standard) is the analytical standard of α-Chaconine. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. α-Chaconine inhibits the expressions of COX-2, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α at the transcriptional level. α-Chaconine inhibits the LPS-induced expressions of iNOS and COX-2 at the protein and mRNA levels and their promoter activities in RAW 264.7 macrophages. Anti-inflammatory effects.

Xylobiose (1,4-β-D-Xylobiose; 1,4-D-Xylobiose) is an orally active Claudin 2/CLDN2 inhibitor and HSP27 inducer. Xylobiose works by regulating intestinal barrier function and glucose and lipid metabolism-related signaling pathways. Xylobiose inhibits CLDN2 expression to reduce intestinal permeability, induces HSP27 to enhance cell protection, and regulates the miR-122a/miR-33a axis to inhibit liver lipid synthesis and improve insulin resistance. Xylobiose can strengthen intestinal barrier integrity, reduce blood sugar and blood lipid levels, and reduce oxidative stress and inflammatory response. Xylobiose can be used in the study of type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome.

Ethyl linoleate (Standard) is the analytical standard of Ethyl linoleate. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Ethyl linoleate (Linoleic Acid ethyl ester) inhibit the development of atherosclerotic lesions and the expression of inflammatory mediators.

Schaftoside (Standard) is the analytical standard of Schaftoside. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Schaftoside is a flavonoid found in a variety of Chinese herbal medicines, such as Eleusine indica. Schaftoside inhibits the expression of TLR4 and Myd88. Schaftoside also decreases Drp1 expression and phosphorylation, and reduces mitochondrial fission.

Momilactone B is an inhibitor of α-amylase and α-glucosidase, with an IC₅₀ of 146.85 μg/mL against Aspergillus oryzae α-amylase and an IC₅₀ of 612.03 μg/mL against Saccharomyces cerevisiae α-glucosidase. Momilactone B upregulates the expression of p21^Waf1/Cip1, reduces the kinase activity of Cdk4 and Cdk6, induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in cancer cells, and triggers irreversible cell death via cell membrane damage. Momilactone B inhibits the growth of neighboring plant species and serves as a major contributing factor to the allelopathy of rice. Momilactone B can be used in studies related to rice allelopathy, type 2 diabetes, colon cancer and leukemia.

Sorgoleone is a photosystem II inhibitor found in sorghum. Sorgoleone binds to the Q_B niche of the D1 protein, inhibits photosynthetic electron transport, and does not affect photosystem I reactions. Sorgoleone reduces radicle elongation and stunts growth. Sorgoleone inhibits CO₂-dependent oxygen evolution, photosynthetic O₂ evolution, and mitochondrial respiration. Sorgoleone can be used as a herbicide.

Avenanthramide 1c is a free radical scavenger and antioxidant. Avenanthramide 1c scavenges DPPH free radicals. Avenanthramide 1c inhibits azo-initiated linoleic acid peroxidation. Avenanthramide 1c exerts antioxidant effects. Avenanthramide 1c exhibits an antagonistic interaction with Avenanthramide 2f in the DPPH free radical scavenging system.

4-Decanol (Standard) is the analytical standard of 4-Decanol (HY-W275553). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. 4-Decanol is an antimutagenic compound, that can be isolated from mustard leaves. 4-Decanol inhibits mutagenic activities of Aflatoxin B1 (HY-N6615) and MNNG (HY-128612) in Salmonella typhimurium TA100.

N-Methyltyramine (hydrochloride) (Standard) is the analytical standard of N-Methyltyramine (hydrochloride) (HY-W153159). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. N-Methyltyramine hydrochloride is an orally active α2-adrenoreceptor antagonist with an IC₅₀ value of 5.53 μM against rat targets. N-Methyltyramine hydrochloride blocks α2-adrenoreceptors, while inhibiting lipolysis, hyperactivity responses and small intestinal peristalsis in mice. N-Methyltyramine hydrochloride promotes gastrin release and pancreatic juice secretion, upregulates appetite, blood pressure, myocardial contraction frequency and contraction intensity, and increases renal blood flow, renal vascular resistance and mean peripheral arterial resistance. N-Methyltyramine hydrochloride relaxes mouse small intestinal smooth muscle and undergoes biotransformation in vivo to produce adrenaline. N-Methyltyramine hydrochloride can be used in studies related to gastrointestinal diseases.

Hordatine A is an active ingredient that can be extracted from barley. Hordatine A has antifungal activity. Hordatine A can be used for research on fungal infections.

1-O-Caffeoylglycerol is a compound with anti-inflammatory activity found in Sorghum bicolor. 1-O-Caffeoylglycerol significantly inhibits LPS (HY-D1056) induced NO production (IC₅₀ = 18.5 μM) and dose dependently inhibits iNOS protein expression. 1-O-Caffeoylglycerol can be used for research on inflammatory conditions.

Feruloylputrescine is an oral active phenolamide found in citrus plants and formed through the decarboxylation of L-Arginine. Feruloylputrescine inhibits monooxygenase (cntA) and reductase (cntB) and trimethylamine production. Feruloylputrescine can be used for cardiovascular diseases research.

5-Heptadecylresorcinol (AR-C17), a phenolic lipid component, is also an orally active mitochondrial protector. 5-Heptadecylresorcinol improves mitochondrial function via sirtuin3 signaling pathway, thus alleviates endothelial cell damage and apoptosis. 5-Heptadecylresorcinol induces sirtuin3-mediated autophagy. 5-Heptadecylresorcinol reduces the atherosclerotic plaques in the aortic root region of mice heart. 5-Heptadecylresorcinol can be used for research of atherosclerosis prevention and obesity.

Maltohexaose is a natural saccharide, and can be produced from amylose, amylopectin and whole starch.

cis-Isolimonenol (Standard) is the analytical standard of cis-Isolimonenol. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. cis-Isolimonenol ((1S,4R)-p-Mentha-2,8-dien-1-ol) is the monoterpene alcohol that can be isolated from plants.

(+)-Sorgomol is the plants hormone that can be isolated from Sorghum bicolor. (+)-Sorgomol is the germination stimulant for plants, which induces seed germination of root parasites.