Piper nigrum Linn.

N-Isobutyl-2E,4E,12Z-octadecatrienamide is an unsaturated amide that can be found in the fruits of Piper retrofractum and stems and roots of Mallotus lianus Croiz.

3,4-Methylenedioxycinnamic acid is an inhibitor of the 4-hydroxycinnamoyl-CoA ligase (4CL) with a K_i of 100 μM. 3,4-Methylenedioxycinnamic acid exhibits the K_m value for the substrate ferulic acid of 4CL is 8.4 μM.3,4-Methylenedioxycinnamic acid increases the formation of soluble phenolics in particular of vanillic acid. 3,4-Methylenedioxycinnamic acid demonstrates larvicidal activity.

Piperine (Standard) is the analytical standard of Piperine. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Piperine is an alkaloid, can be isolated from pepper. Piperine can inhibit the activity of P-glycoprotein and CYP3A4. Piperine inhibits HeLa cells with an IC₅₀ of 61.94±0.054 μg/mL.

4'-Methoxychalcone regulates adipocyte differentiation through PPARγ activation. 4'-Methoxychalcone modulates the expression and secretion of various adipokines in adipose tissue that are involved in insulin sensitivity.

Pellitorine is a bioactive natural amide compound. Pellitorine can competitively antagonize the activation of TRPV1 by Capsaicin (HY-10448), thereby reducing pain signal transmission. Pellitorine improves cognitive dysfunction by upregulating the BDNF-ERK1/2-CREB and Nrf2-HO-1 pathways. Pellitorine exerts anti-inflammatory and anti-sepsis effects by inhibiting the release of high mobility group protein B1 (HMGB1) and the expression of RAGE/TLR4. Pellitorine exerts its antithrombotic effect by prolonging the clotting time, inhibiting the activity of clotting factors and thrombin. Pellitorine inhibits lipid peroxidation and resists ferroptosis by upregulating GPX4 and DHODH. Pellitorine kills Aedes aegypti mosquito larvae by inhibiting V-type H⁺-ATPase and aquaporin 4 (AaAQP4). Pellitorine exhibits anti-cancer activity (e.g., leukemia and breast cancer) and has inhibitory effects on certain bacteria.

11-Methoxyyangonin is a natural kavalactone.

Cedrenol is a sesquiterpene alcohol compound found in Juniperus virginiana.

Coumaperine is an amide alkaloid. Coumaperine can be extracted from white piper. Coumaperine inhibits NF-κB. Coumaperine derivatives exhibit anticancer activity against non-small cell lung cancer and Hodgkin's lymphoma. Coumaperine derivatives have antibacterial activity.

[(2E,4E)-Octadienoyl]-N-isobutylamide (compound 2) is an isobutylamide that can be isolated from pepper seeds.

Tetrahydropiperine (Standard) is the analytical standard of Tetrahydropiperine (HY-N4205). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Tetrahydropiperine is an orally effective, selective inhibitor of NF-κB and MAPKs, and an activator of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. Tetrahydropiperine reduces the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-6, and nitric oxide (NO) by inhibiting the nuclear translocation of NF-κB and the phosphorylation of MAPKs such as ERK, JNK, and p38. At the same time, Tetrahydropiperine inhibits excessive autophagy by activating the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway, protecting neurons from oxidative damage. Tetrahydropiperine has anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and neuroprotective effects, and is mainly used in the study of inflammatory diseases (such as endotoxemia, arthritis) and neurological diseases such as ischemic stroke.