Autophagy Inducer

Zebularine (NSC309132; 4-Deoxyuridine) is a DNA methyltransferase inhibitor. Zebularine also inhibits cytidine deaminase with a K_i of 0.95 μM.

Ginkgetin, a biflavone, is isolated from Ginkgo biloba leaves. Ginkgetin exhibit anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, anti-fungal activities. Ginkgetin is also a potent inhibitor of Wnt signaling, with an IC₅₀ of 5.92 μΜ.

Obatoclax Mesylate (GX15-070 Mesylate), a BH3 mimetic, is a pan-BCL-2 family proteins inhibitor with a K_i of 220 nM for BCL-2. Obatoclax Mesylate induces autophagy-dependent cell death and targets cyclin D1 for proteasomal degradation. Obatoclax Mesylate has anti-cancer and broad-spectrum antiparasitic activity.

Silvestrol is a eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4A (eIF4A) inhibitor isolated from Agave americana Linn.. Silvestrol induces autophagy and caspase-mediated apoptosis.

Aspirin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Aspirin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Aspirin (Acetylsalicylic acid) is an orally active, potent and irreversible inhibitor of cyclooxygenase COX-1 and COX-2, with IC₅₀ values of 5 and 210 μg/mL, respectively. Aspirin induces apoptosis. Aspirin inhibits the activation of NF-κB. Aspirin also inhibits platelet prostaglandin synthetase, and can prevent coronary artery and cerebrovascular thrombosis.

Perifosine is an oral Akt inhibitor which inhibits proliferation of different tumor cell lines with IC₅₀s of 0.6-8.9 μM.

NVP-AEW541 (AEW541 ) is an orally active inhibitor of the insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R) with an IC₅₀ value of 0.15 μM. NVP-AEW541 also inhibits InsR, IC₅₀ with a value of 0.14 μM. NVP-AEW541 has antitumor activity.

Embelin (Embelic acid), a potent, nonpeptidic XIAP inhibitor (IC₅₀=4.1 μM), inhibits cell growth, induces apoptosis, and activates caspase-9 in prostate cancer cells with high levels of XIAP. Embelin blocks NF-kappaB signaling pathway leading to suppression of NF-kappaB-regulated antiapoptotic and metastatic gene products. Embelin also induces autophagic and apoptotic cell death in human oral squamous cell carcinoma cells.

Corosolic acid (Colosolic acid) isolated from the fruit of Cratoegus pinnatifida var. psilosa, was reported to have anticancer activity. Corosolic acid induces cancer cell apoptosis.

AC-73 is a first specific, orally active inhibitor of cluster of differentiation 147 (CD147), which specifically disrupts CD147 dimerization, thereby mainly suppressing the CD147/ERK1/2/STAT3/MMP-2 pathways. AC-73 inhibits the motility and invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma cells. AC-73 is also an anti-proliferative agent and an inducer of autophagy in leukemic cells.

Isradipine (PN 200-110) is an orally active and blood-brain barrier permeability L-type calcium channel blocker. Isradipine, as a powerful peripheral vasodilator, is a dihydropyridine calcium antagonist with selective actions on the heart as well as the peripheral circulation. Isradipine is a potentially viable neuroprotective agent for Parkinson's disease.

Cabergoline is an ergot derived-dopamine D₂-like receptor agonist that has high affinity for D₂, D₃, and 5-HT_2B receptors (K_i=0.7, 1.5, and 1.2, respectively).

Irinotecan hydrochloride trihydrate ((+)-Irinotecan hydrochloride trihydrate) is a topoisomerase I inhibitor with antitumor activity.

BIIB021 (CNF2024) is an orally active, fully synthetic inhibitor of HSP90 with a K_i and an EC₅₀ of 1.7 nM and 38 nM, respectively.

Diethylstilbestrol is a non-steroidal female hormone that has oral activity and can act on menopausal and postmenopausal disorders. Diethylstilbestrol can induce DNA oxidation and Apoptosis of spermatogonial stem cells. Diethylstilbestrol can induce thymocyte Autophagy Diethylstilbestrol is a 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 2 (HSD11B2) inhibitor..

PD146176 (NSC168807), a 15-Lipoxygenase (15-LO) inhibitor, inhibits rabbit reticulocyte 15-LO (K_i=197 nM, IC₅₀=0.54 μM). PD146176 reverses cognitive impairment, brain amyloidosis, and tau pathology by stimulating autophagy in aged triple transgenic mice.

Zoledronic acid monohydrate (Zoledronate monohydrate) is a third-generation bisphosphonate (BP), with potent anti-resorptive activity. Zoledronic acid monohydrate inhibits the differentiation and apoptosis of osteoclasts. Zoledronic acid monohydrate also has anti-cancer effects.

P62-mediated mitophagy inducer (PMI) is a P62-mediated mitophagy activator. P62-mediated mitophagy inducer activates mitochondrial autophagy without recruitment of Parkin or collapse of the mitochondrial membrane potential and remains active in cells lacking a fully functional PINK1/Parkin pathway. P62-mediated mitophagy inducer serves as a pharmacological tool to study the molecular mechanisms of mitosis, avoiding toxicity and some of the non-specific effects associated with the sudden dissipation of mitochondria lacking membrane potential.

Ganoderic acid A can inhibit of the JAK-STAT3 signaling pathway, also inhibit proliferation, viability, ROS.

Ethyl pyruvate is a simple derivative of the endogenous metabolite pyruvate. Ethyl pyruvate is an HMGB1 release inhibitor. Ethyl pyruvate can induce apoptosis by autophagy. Ethyl pyruvate has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anti-tumor activity. Ethyl pyruvate can be used in the study of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease.