Cat. No.: HY-Y1362

Ethyl pyruvate

8 Cited Publications

Customer Review

Based on 8 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Ethyl pyruvate is a simple derivative of the endogenous metabolite pyruvate. Ethyl pyruvate is an HMGB1 release inhibitor. Ethyl pyruvate can induce apoptosis by autophagy. Ethyl pyruvate has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anti-tumor activity. Ethyl pyruvate can be used in the study of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

Purity: 98.0%
CAS No.: 617-35-6
Formula: C₅H₈O₃
Molecular Weight:116.12

Storage:

Pure form -20°C, 3 years , 4°C, 2 years ; In solvent -80°C, 6 months , -20°C, 1 month

Ethyl pyruvate Chemical Structure

CAS No.: 617-35-6

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Top Publications Citing

Use of MCE Products

Fluorescent Dye

Strong Fluorescence Signal / Multi-Disciplinary Applications / High Fluorescence Specificity

Biological Activity
- Description
- In Vitro
- In Vivo
- Clinical Trial
Chemical Information
Publications (8)
Solvent & Solubility
- In Vitro
Purity & Documentation
References
Help & FAQs
Classifications
Bioz

Biological Activity

Description

All NF-κB Isoforms :

In Vitro

Ethyl pyruvate (10 mM, 1 h) has no toxic effect on N9 microglial cells in the range of 1-10 mM. The activation of microglia NLRP3 inflammasome is decreased by inhibiting the HMGB1/ NF-κB /miR-223 signaling pathway^[2].
Ethyl pyruvate (10-40 mM, 6, 24 h) induces apoptosis in MC38 cells^[3].
Ethyl pyruvate (5-15 mM, 2 h) has an IC₅₀ value of 28.83 mM on mouse peritoneal macrophages. Endotoxemia and sepsis are prevented by inhibiting caspase-11-dependent pyroptosis ^[4].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Cell Viability Assay^[2]

Cell Line:

N9 microglial
Concentration:

1-100 mM
Incubation Time:

1 h
Result:

Did not show cytotoxic effects in the range of 1–10 mM.

Western Blot Analysis^[2]

Cell Line:

N9 microglial
Concentration:

10 mM
Incubation Time:

1 h
Result:

Suppressed LPS (HY-D1056)- and ATP (HY-B2176)-induced IL-1β and IL-18 protein and mRNA levels.
Reduced NLRP3, Caspase-1, and ASC Specks.
Reduced NF-κB activation and HMGB1 expression level.

Apoptosis Analysis^[3]

Cell Line:

MC38
Concentration:

10, 20, 40 mM
Incubation Time:

6, 24 h
Result:

Induced an increase in autophagy and apoptosis in a dose-and time-dependent manner.

In Vivo

Ethyl pyruvate (80 mg/kg intraperitoneal injection for 9 consecutive days) inhibits tumor growth in a mouse liver tumor model^[3].
Ethyl pyruvate (2 or 40 mg/kg, intraperitoneal injection) has reduced lipid peroxidation and anti-inflammatory effects in a rat model of paraquat intoxication^[5].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Animal Model:

Liver tumor model in mice^[3]
Dosage:

80 mg/kg
Administration:

i.p., 30 min before tumor injection and daily up to 9 days and daily from 7 to 10 days after infusion of tumor cells.
Result:

Decreased innate immune cells (NK cells, monocytes) and T and B cell lymphocytic infiltrates.
Inhibited the release of HMBG1.

Animal Model:

Paraquat-intoxicated rats^[5]
Dosage:

2 or 40 mg/kg
Administration:

30 min before or 1 h after paraquat (50 mg/kg i.p.)
Result:

Decreased the MDA concentrations at 6 and 24 h.
Decreased NO concentrations significantly at 6 h and GSH concentrations in the lung.

Clinical Trial

NCT Number	Sponsor	Condition	Start Date	Phase A549
NCT01329991	Plexxikon\|		2011-05	PHASE1

Chemical Information

CAS No. 617-35-6
Appearance Liquid (Density: 1.045 g/cm³)
Molecular Weight 116.12
Formula C₅H₈O₃
Color Colorless to light yellow
SMILES

CC(C(OCC)=O)=O
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

Storage

Pure form	-20°C	3 years
	4°C	2 years
In solvent	-80°C	6 months
	-20°C	1 month

Publications (8)

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Cell Death Dis

Dedifferentiation process driven by radiotherapy-induced HMGB1/TLR2/YAP/HIF-1α signaling enhances pancreatic cancer stemness. [Abstract]

2019 Sep 26;10(10):724. PMID: 31558702
Cell Rep

4-octyl itaconate inhibits cytokine-mediated inflammation via alkylation of TYK2 and JAK1. [Abstract]

2026 Mar 30;45(4):117179. PMID: 41915469
Life Sci

MiR-129-5p shuttled by human synovial mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes relieves IL-1β induced osteoarthritis via targeting HMGB1. [Abstract]

2021 Mar 15:269:118987. PMID: 33417958
Chem Biol Interact

Exogenous pyruvate restores mitochondrial bioenergetics by synergizing with the AMPK-mTOR-SIRT3 pathway to alleviate sepsis-associated acute kidney injury. [Abstract]

2026 Jul 1:434:112089. PMID: 42031090
J Pharm Pharmacol

Piceatannol-3'-O-β-d-glucopyranoside alleviates nephropathy via regulation of High mobility group B-1 (HMGB1)/Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signalling pathway. [Abstract]

2023 Apr 17;75(5):693-702. PMID: 36964741
Brain Res

Ethyl pyruvate shields the brain from oxidative damage: a Keap1-Nrf2-dependent mechanism in subarachnoid hemorrhage. [Abstract]

2025 Nov 1:1866:149939. PMID: 40935310
PeerJ

HMGB1-activatied NLRP3 inflammasome induces thrombocytopenia in heatstroke rat. [Abstract]

2022 Aug 4:10:e13799. PMID: 35945940
Research Square Preprint

2021 Jul.

Solvent & Solubility

In Vitro:

H₂O : 100 mg/mL (861.18 mM; Need ultrasonic)

DMSO : 100 mg/mL (861.18 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Preparing Stock Solutions

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Concentration Solvent Mass

1 mg

5 mg

10 mg

Concentration

Solvent

Mass

1 mM

8.6118 mL

43.0589 mL

86.1178 mL

5 mM

1.7224 mL

8.6118 mL

17.2236 mL

10 mM

0.8612 mL

4.3059 mL

8.6118 mL

Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

Molarity Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

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Purity & Documentation

Select Batch:

Purity: 99.98%

Assay: 99.98%

ee.: 99.98%

Data Sheet (278 KB)
SDS (628 KB)
- English - EN (628 KB)
- Français - FR (628 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (628 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (628 KB)
- Español - ES (628 KB)
- Swedish - SV (628 KB)
- Italian - IT (628 KB)
- Korean - KR (628 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (628 KB)
COA (2659 KB)
Elemental Analysis Report (2659 KB)
HNMR (2659 KB)
CNMR (2659 KB)
RP-HPLC (2659 KB)
NP-HPLC (2659 KB)
MS (2659 KB)
LCMS (2659 KB)
IR (2659 KB)
GC (2659 KB)
OR (2659 KB)
SDS-PAGE (2659 KB)
SEC-HPLC (2659 KB)
Other Report (2659 KB)
Handling Instructions (2659 KB)

References

[1]. Fink MP. Ethyl pyruvate: a novel anti-inflammatory agent. J Intern Med. 2007 Apr;261(4):349-62. [Content Brief]

[2]. Olcum M, Tufekci KU, Durur DY, et al. Ethyl Pyruvate Attenuates Microglial NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation via Inhibition of HMGB1/NF-κB/miR-223 Signaling. Antioxidants (Basel). 2021;10(5):745. [Content Brief]

[3]. Liang X, et al. Ethyl pyruvate administration inhibits hepatic tumor growth. J Leukoc Biol. 2009 Sep;86(3):599-607. [Content Brief]

[4]. Qiu X, et al. Ethyl pyruvate confers protection against endotoxemia and sepsis by inhibiting caspase-11-dependent cell pyroptosis. Int Immunopharmacol. 2020 Jan;78:106016. [Content Brief]

[5]. Lee J, et al. Protective effects of ethyl pyruvate treatment on paraquat-intoxicated rats. Hum Exp Toxicol. 2008 Jan;27(1):49-54.

Help & FAQs

How should lyophilized recombinant proteins be reconstituted and stored?

1. Before opening the cap, centrifuge the vial at 13000 rpm for 20-30 seconds. This step will ensure that any lyophilized powder that may have adhered to the cap or walls is collected at the bottom of the vial, minimizing the risk of product loss.

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

Optional Solvent	Concentration Solvent Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg	25 mg
H₂O / DMSO	1 mM	8.6118 mL	43.0589 mL	86.1178 mL	215.2945 mL
	5 mM	1.7224 mL	8.6118 mL	17.2236 mL	43.0589 mL
	10 mM	0.8612 mL	4.3059 mL	8.6118 mL	21.5295 mL
	15 mM	0.5741 mL	2.8706 mL	5.7412 mL	14.3530 mL
	20 mM	0.4306 mL	2.1529 mL	4.3059 mL	10.7647 mL
	25 mM	0.3445 mL	1.7224 mL	3.4447 mL	8.6118 mL
	30 mM	0.2871 mL	1.4353 mL	2.8706 mL	7.1765 mL
	40 mM	0.2153 mL	1.0765 mL	2.1529 mL	5.3824 mL
	50 mM	0.1722 mL	0.8612 mL	1.7224 mL	4.3059 mL
	60 mM	0.1435 mL	0.7176 mL	1.4353 mL	3.5882 mL
	80 mM	0.1076 mL	0.5382 mL	1.0765 mL	2.6912 mL
	100 mM	0.0861 mL	0.4306 mL	0.8612 mL	2.1529 mL

* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

Keywords

Ethyl pyruvate

8 Cited Publications

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Ethyl pyruvate

Apoptosis Compound Library

Immunology/Inflammation Compound Library

NF-κB Signaling Compound Library

Stem Cell Signaling Compound Library

Anti-Cancer Compound Library

Clinical Compound Library

Autophagy Compound Library

Anti-Aging Compound Library

Drug Repurposing Compound Library

Antioxidant Compound Library

Differentiation Inducing Compound Library

Oxygen Sensing Compound Library

Ferroptosis Compound Library

Pyroptosis Compound Library

Traditional Chinese Medicine Active Compound Library

Anti-Alzheimer's Disease Compound Library

Anti-Breast Cancer Compound Library

Anti-Pancreatic Cancer Compound Library

Anti-Blood Cancer Compound Library

Anti-Cancer Metabolism Compound Library

Anti-Parkinson's Disease Compound Library

Neurodegenerative Disease-related Compound Library

Anti-Obesity Compound Library

Transcription Factor-Targeted Library

Food Additive Library

Anti-Liver Cancer Compound Library

Antidepressant Compound Library

Anti-inflammatory Traditional Chinese Medicine Active Compound Library

Human Metabolite Library

Anti-Prostate Cancer Compound Library

Cancer Stem Cells Compound Library

Pain-Related Compound Library

Cell Death Library

Anti-Hematopathy Compound Library

Anti-Ovarian Cancer Compound Library

Radioprotector Library

Bioactive Compound Library Max

MCE Bioactive Compound Library

Drug Repurposing Compound Library Plus

Clinical Compound Library Plus

Bioactive Compound Library

Anti-Fibrosis Compound Library

Miao Ethnicity Medicine Compound Library

Tibetan Medicine Compound Library

Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) Compound Library

Cell Proliferation Compound Library

Flavor Compound Library

High-Throughput Bioactive Compound Library

Mongolian Medicine Compound Library

Chinese Baijiu Compound Library

Flavors and Fragrances Compound Library

RNA Binding Bioactive Compound Library

Lactylation Compound Library

Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) Ethyl pyruvate

All NF-κB Isoforms

Biological Activity

Chemical Information

Publications (8)

Solvent & Solubility

Purity & Documentation

References

Help & FAQs

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Ethyl pyruvate Related Classifications

HY-Y1362 Related Classifications