Mitochondrial Metabolism

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Mitochondria use multiple carbon fuels to produce ATP and metabolites, including pyruvate, which is generated from glycolysis; amino acids such as glutamine; and fatty acids. These carbon fuels feed into the TCA cycle in the mitochondrial matrix to generate the reducing equivalents NADH and FADH2, which deliver their electrons to the electron transport chain. Mitochondria are complex organelles that play an important role in many facets of cellular function, from metabolism to immune regulation and cell death. Mitochondria are actively involved in a wide variety of cellular processes and molecular interactions, such as calcium buffering, lipid flux, and intracellular signaling. It is increasingly recognized that mitochondrial dysfunction is a hallmark of many diseases such as obesity/diabetes, cancer, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. Mitochondrial metabolism is a key determinant of tumor progression by impacting on functions such as epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Mitochondrial metabolism and derived oncometabolites shape the epigenetic landscape to alter aggressiveness features of cancer cells. Changes in mitochondrial metabolism are relevant for the survival of tumors in response to therapy.

Mitochondrial Metabolism 関連製品 (563)
Antibodies (52)
Related Compound Screening Libraries (2)

By Effects:	Inhibitors (281) Agonists (2) Activators (35) Modulators (31) Inducers (6)

製品番号	製品名	製品効果	純度	構造式

HY-N0832

L-Histidine L-ヒスチジン	Inhibitor	99.97%
L-Histidine is an essential amino acid for infants. L-Histidine is an inhibitor of mitochondrial glutamine transport.

HY-N0303

Idebenone イデベノン	Modulator	99.84%
Idebenone, a well-appreciated mitochondrial protectant, exhibits protective efficacy against neurotoxicity and can be used for the research of Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's disease. Idebenone (oxidised form) has a dose-dependent inhibitory effect on the enzymatic metabolism of arachidonic acid in astroglial homogenates (IC₅₀=16.65 μM). Idebenone, a coenzyme Q10 analog and an antioxidant, induces apoptotic cell death in the human dopaminergic neuroblastoma SHSY-5Y cells. Idebenone quickly crosses the blood-brain barrier.

HY-B1334A

Perhexiline maleate Perhexiline (maleate)	Modulator	99.97%
Perhexiline maleate is an orally active CPT1 and CPT2 inhibitor that reduces fatty acid metabolism. Perhexiline maleate induces mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis in hepatic cells. Perhexiline maleate can cross the blood brain barrier (BBB) and shows anti-tumor activity. Perhexiline maleate can be used in the research of cancers, and cardiovascular disease like angina.

HY-B1272

Desipramine hydrochloride Desipramine (hydrochloride)		99.76%
Desipramine hydrochloride is a first-generation tricyclic antidepressant. Desipramine hydrochloride selectively binds to norepinephrine transporter and blocks neuronal norepinephrine reuptake. Desipramine hydrochloride activates MAPK signaling via ERK1/2, JNK, and p38, represses NF-κB and AP-1 activity, and induces apoptosis via ROS elevation, mitochondrial membrane potential reduction, and intracellular calcium increase. Desipramine hydrochloride also shows anyi-inflammatory activity, inhibiting TNF-α production. Desipramine hydrochloride can be used for the research of hepatocellular cancer, inflammation, and neurological diseases.

HY-100004

Fumarate hydratase-IN-1	Inhibitor	99.58%
Fumarate hydratase-IN-1 (compound 2) is a cell-permeable fumarate hydratase inhibitor. Fumarate hydratase-IN-1 has antiproliferative activity against several cancer cell lines with a mean IC₅₀ of 2.2 μM.

HY-N0018

Daidzin Daidzin	Inhibitor	99.77%
Daidzin is an isoflavone with antioxidant, anticancer, and antiatherosclerotic activities. Daidzin is a potent and selective inhibitor of mitochondrial ALDH-2. Daidzin reduces ethanol consumption.

HY-138620

MCU-i4	Inhibitor	99.87%
MCU-i4 blocks the IP₃-dependent mitochondrial Ca²⁺-uptake, maintaining the gatekeeping role of their target.

HY-W001187

Tempo Tempo		99.86%
Tempo is a nitric oxide radical and a selective scavenger of ROS in mitochondria. Tempo is also an organocatalyst that disproportionates superoxide and oxidizes primary alcohols to aldehydes in a catalytic cycle. Tempo has mutagenic and antioxidant effects and can induceDNA strand breaks. Tempo also exerts cytotoxic and mutagenic properties in mouse lymphoma cells.

HY-B0486

Lonidamine Lonidamine	Inhibitor	99.91%
Lonidamine (AF-1890) is a hexokinase and mitochondrial pyruvate carrier inhibitor (K_i: 2.5 μM). Lonidamine also inhibits aerobic glycolysis in cancer cells. Lonidamine can be used in the research of mitochondrial metabolism and inflammation, such as pulmonary fibrosis.

HY-W187305

MASM7		99.85%
MASM7 is a mitofusin activator, and can achieve mitochondrial fusion via mitofusins. MASM7 can increase Mito AR with an EC₅₀ value of 75 nM in MEFs in concentration-responsively, and can promote mitochondrial fusion by directly activating MFN2 or MFN. MASM7 also demonstrates direct binding to the HR2 domain of MFN2 with K_d value of 1.1 μM.

HY-N0492

α-Lipoic Acid Thioctic acid		99.94%
α-Lipoic Acid (Thioctic acid) is an antioxidant, which is an essential cofactor of mitochondrial enzyme complexes. α-Lipoic Acid inhibits NF-κB-dependent HIV-1 LTR activation. α-Lipoic Acid induces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-mediated apoptosis in hepatoma cells. α-Lipoic Acid can be used with CPUL1 (HY-151802) to construct the self-assembled nanoaggregate CPUL1-LA NA, which has improved antitumor efficacy than CPUL1.

HY-152943

MTK458	Activator	99.45%
MTK458 is an orally active brain penetrant PINK1 activator. MTK458 binds to PINK1 and stabilizes an active heterocomplex, thereby increasing mitophagy. MTK458 can be used for research on Parkinson's disease.

HY-D0885

Phosphocreatine	Activator	99.60%
Phosphocreatine (creatine phosphate) is an organic compound found in vertebrate skeletal muscles. Phosphocreatine enhances antioxidant activity, and activates the TAK1 pathway to protect the heart. Phosphocreatine normalizing mitochondrial function and reducing oxidative stress via Akt mediated Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. Phosphocreatine provides renal protection by suppressing Apoptosis and ROS (Reactive Oxygen Species) generation through ERK mediated mediated Nrf-2/HO-1 pathway..

HY-18733

Lipoic acid (R)-α-リポ酸		99.87%
Lipoic acid ((R)-(+)-α-Lipoic acid) is an antioxidant, which is an essential cofactor of mitochondrial enzyme complexes. (R)-(+)-α-Lipoic acid is more effective than racemic Lipoic acid.

HY-B0356A

Ciprofloxacin monohydrochloride	Inhibitor	99.90%
Ciprofloxacin (Bay-09867) monohydrochloride is a potent, orally active topoisomerase IV inhibitor. Ciprofloxacin monohydrochloride induces mitochondrial DNA and nuclear DNA damage and lead to mitochondrial dysfunction, ROS production. Ciprofloxacin monohydrochloride has anti-proliferative activity and induces apoptosis. Ciprofloxacin monohydrochloride is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic, exhibiting potent antibacterial activity.

HY-P0025

NIM811	Inhibitor	99.87%
NIM811 ((Melle-4)cyclosporin; SDZ NIM811) is an orally bioavailable mitochondrial permeability transition and cyclophilin dual inhibitor, which exhibits potent in vitro activity against hepatitis C virus (HCV) .

HY-101180

C2 Ceramide C2 Ceramide	Inhibitor	99.85%
C2 Ceramide (Ceramide 2) is the main lipid of the stratum corneum and a protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) activator. C2 Ceramide activates PP2A and ceramide-activated protein phosphatase (CAPP). C2 Ceramide induces cells differentiation, autophagy and apoptosis, inhibits mitochondrial respiratory chain complex III. C2 Ceramide is also a skin conditioning agent that protects the epidermal barrier from water loss.

HY-12688A

Succinyl phosphonate trisodium salt		98.0%
Succinyl phosphonate trisodium salt is a α-Ketoglutarate Dehydrogenase Complex (KGDHC) modulator with neuroprotective activity. Succinyl phosphonate trisodium salt protects this complex, reduces cellular succinyl-CoA concentration, downregulates protein succinylation levels, and inhibits the activity of the α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex. Succinyl phosphonate trisodium salt corrects hypoxic or ethanol-induced behavioral impairments, modulates exploratory behavior and emotional stress responses, and improves hypoxia tolerance. Succinyl phosphonate trisodium salt reduces glutamate excitotoxicity, restores the activity of the α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex, reverses the changes in glutamate dehydrogenase and glutamine synthetase activities induced by β-amyloid (Amyloid-β), modulates cognitive function, and prevents β-amyloid-induced neuronal damage. Succinyl phosphonate trisodium salt improves microglial senescence, alleviates neuroinflammation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, lipid peroxidation, and the expression of proinflammatory cytokines. Succinyl phosphonate trisodium salt can be used in the research of Alzheimer's disease, aging-related neuroinflammation, and Parkinson's disease.

HY-16397A

Phenformin hydrochloride Phenformin hydrochloride	Inhibitor	99.64%
Phenformin (Phenethylbiguanide) hydrochloride is an orally active biguanide hypoglycemic agent. Phenformin hydrochloride inhibits mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I, leading to an increased AMP/ATP ratio, activation of AMPK, and subsequent inhibition of the mTOR pathway, thereby suppressing cell proliferation, inducing apoptosis and autophagy. Phenformin hydrochloride inhibits cancer stem cells (CSCs) and possesses potent antitumor potential.

HY-136408

Malonyl CoA lithium Malonyl CoA (lithium)	Inhibitor	99%
Malonyl CoA (Malonyl Coenzyme A) lithium is an inhibitor of carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1 (CPT1). High Malonyl CoA lithium concentrations suppress fatty acid oxidation, while low Malonyl CoA lithium concentrations are permissive for fat oxidation.

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Mitochondrial Metabolism

Mitochondrial Metabolism

Mitochondrial Metabolism 関連製品 (563)

Antibodies (52)

Related Compound Screening Libraries (2)

Mitochondrial Metabolism 関連製品 (563):