β-Carotene
Based on 2 publication(s) in Google Scholar
β-Carotene (Provitamin A), a carotenoid compound, is a naturally-occurring vitamin A precursor. β-Carotene is a modulator of reactive oxygen species (ROS), with antioxidant and antiinflammatory activities. β-Carotene may serve as an antioxidant or as a prooxidant, depending on its intrinsic properties as well as on the redox potential of the biological environment in which it acts. β-Carotene induces breast cancer cells apoptosis, with anticancer activities.
For research use only. We do not sell to patients.
- Purity: 99.25%
- CAS No.: 7235-40-7
- Formula: C40H56
- Molecular Weight:536.87
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Storage:
-20°C, protect from light, stored under nitrogen
* In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light, stored under nitrogen)
To place orders, for customer services and technical support, please contact: MedChemExpress USA
Tel: 609-228-6898 E-mail: [email protected] [email protected]
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Biological Activity
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Chemical Information
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Solvent & Solubility
- Purity & Documentation
- References
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Help & FAQs
Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) β-Carotene
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Customer Validation & Images
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Cell Proliferation/Viability Assay
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Flow Cytometry
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WB
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IF
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Cell Proliferation/Viability Assay
All Endogenous Metabolite Isoforms
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Biological Activity
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Human Endogenous Metabolite |
apoptosis |
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Cell Line
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Type | Value | Description | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Raji | IC50 |
12.7 nM
Compound: beta-carotene
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Inhibition of TPA-induced Epstein-Barr virus early antigen activation in Raji cells after 48 hrs
Inhibition of TPA-induced Epstein-Barr virus early antigen activation in Raji cells after 48 hrs
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[PMID: 17503850] |
| Raji | IC50 |
397 molar ratio
Compound: beta-carotene
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Inhibition of TPA-induced EBV-early antigen activation in human Raji cells relative to TPA
Inhibition of TPA-induced EBV-early antigen activation in human Raji cells relative to TPA
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[PMID: 17190444] |
| Raji | IC50 |
397 molar ratio
Compound: Beta-carotene
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Inhibition of TPA-induced EBV early antigen activation in human Raji cells relative to TPA
Inhibition of TPA-induced EBV early antigen activation in human Raji cells relative to TPA
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[PMID: 19746919] |
| Raji | IC50 |
400 molar ratio
Compound: beta-carotene
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Inhibition of 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate-induced EBV-early antigen activation in human Raji cells assessed as EA activation per 32 pmol TPA after 48 hrs
Inhibition of 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate-induced EBV-early antigen activation in human Raji cells assessed as EA activation per 32 pmol TPA after 48 hrs
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[PMID: 11429990] |
| Raji | IC50 |
400 molar ratio
Compound: beta-carotene
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Inhibition of TPA-induced EBV-early antigen activation in human Raji cells per 32 pmol TPA after 48 hrs
Inhibition of TPA-induced EBV-early antigen activation in human Raji cells per 32 pmol TPA after 48 hrs
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[PMID: 12608849] |
| Raji | IC50 |
400 molar ratio
Compound: beta-carotene
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Inhibition of TPA-induced EBV-early antigen activation in human Raji cells assessed as early antigen activation after 48 hrs relative to control
Inhibition of TPA-induced EBV-early antigen activation in human Raji cells assessed as early antigen activation after 48 hrs relative to control
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[PMID: 12662094] |
| Raji | IC50 |
400 molar ratio
Compound: Beta-Carotene
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Inhibition of 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate-induced EBV-early antigen activation in human Raji cells assessed per 32 pmol TPA
Inhibition of 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate-induced EBV-early antigen activation in human Raji cells assessed per 32 pmol TPA
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[PMID: 14695799] |
| Raji | IC50 |
400 molar ratio
Compound: Beta-carotene
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Inhibition of 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate-induced EBV-early antigen activation in human Raji cells assessed per 32 pmol TPA by immunofluorescence technique
Inhibition of 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate-induced EBV-early antigen activation in human Raji cells assessed per 32 pmol TPA by immunofluorescence technique
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[PMID: 14695801] |
β-Carotene up-regulates PPAR-γ expression and ROS production in MCF-7 cancer cells[3].
β-Carotene (1-100 μM; 72 hours) remarkably decreases the survival of MCF-7 cells in a dose-dependent manner[3].
β-Carotene (50 μM; 24-72 hours) significantly enhances the expression levels of PPAR-γ mRNA and protein in a time-dependent manner[3].
β-Carotene down-regulates the COX-2 but up-regulates the p21 mRNA level and protein expression in a time dependent manner[3].
β-Carotene significantly increases the percentage of early apoptosis and the effect was partly attenuated by pre-incubation with GW9662 (HY-16578) or GSH (HY-D0187)[3].
β-Carotene induces cytochrome C release[3].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
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Cell Line:MCF-7 cells
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Concentration:1 μM, 10 μM, 20 μM, 50 μM, 100 μM
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Incubation Time:72 hours
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Result:Decreased the numbers of viable cells to 70% and 50% at 20 μM and 50 μM, respectively.
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Cell Line:MCF-7 cells
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Concentration:50 μM
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Incubation Time:24 hours, 48 hours, 72 hours
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Result:Up-regulated the PPAR-γ mRNA.
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Cell Line:MCF-7 cells
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Concentration:50 μM
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Incubation Time:24 hours, 48 hours, 72 hours
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Result:Up-regulated PPAR-γ protein expression levels.
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Cell Line:MCF-7 cells
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Concentration:50 μM
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Incubation Time:72 hours
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Result:Induced MCF-7 cells apoptosis.
| NCT Number | Sponsor | Condition | Start Date |
Phase
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| NCT01329991 | Plexxikon| | 2011-05 | PHASE1 |
Chemical Information
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CAS No. 7235-40-7
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Appearance Solid
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Molecular Weight 536.87
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Formula C40H56
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Color Brown to red
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SMILES
CC1(C)C(/C=C/C(C)=C/C=C/C(C)=C/C=C/C=C(C)/C=C/C=C(C)/C=C/C2=C(C)CCCC2(C)C)=C(C)CCC1
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Synonyms
Provitamin A; beta-Carotene
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Structure Classification
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Shipping
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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Storage
-20°C, protect from light, stored under nitrogen
* In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light, stored under nitrogen)
Publications (2)
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Journal Impact Factor
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Most Recent
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Redox Biol
2025 Feb 21:81:103561. PMID: 40020452 -
Evid Based Complement Alternat Med
β-Carotene Attenuates Apoptosis and Autophagy via PI3K/AKT/mTOR Signaling Pathway in Necrotizing Enterocolitis Model Cells IEC-6. [Abstract]2022 Jun 17:2022:2502263. PMID: 35754683
β-Carotene purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2022 Jun 17:2022:2502263. [Abstract]
The CCK-8 assay was used to measure the viability of IEC-6 cells. IEC-6 cells were treated with β-Carotene at the indicated doses (0, 1.25, 2.5, 5, 10, 20, 40, 80, and 100 μM) for 24 h.
β-Carotene purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2022 Jun 17:2022:2502263. [Abstract]
Cells were first treated with LPS (100 μM) for 3 hours, and then with β-Carotene (10, 20, and 30 μM) for 24 hours. Apoptosis was quantitatively analyzed by flow cytometry.
β-Carotene purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2022 Jun 17:2022:2502263. [Abstract]
Cells were first treated with LPS (100 μM) for 3 hours, and then with β-Carotene (10, 20, and 30 μM) for 24 hours. The expression of Bax, Bcl-2, and cleaved caspase-3 was detected by Western blot.
β-Carotene purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2022 Jun 17:2022:2502263. [Abstract]
Cells were exposed to LPS (100 μM) for 3 hours, then treated with β-Carotene (10 μM) and incubated for 24 hours with or without rapamycin (RAPA, 10 μM). Immunofluorescence was used to detect the formation of GFP-LC3 spots.
β-Carotene purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2022 Jun 17:2022:2502263. [Abstract]
Cells were pretreated with LPS (100 μM) for 3 hours, then with β-Carotene (10 μM), and cultured for another 24 hours with or without voxtalisib (5 μM). Cell viability was assessed using the CCK-8 assay.
Solvent & Solubility
THF : 10 mg/mL (18.63 mM; ultrasonic and warming and heat to 60°C)
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light, stored under nitrogen). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light, stored under nitrogen). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
Purity & Documentation
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Data Sheet (275 KB)
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SDS (393 KB)
- English - EN (393 KB)
- Français - FR (393 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (393 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (393 KB)
- Español - ES (393 KB)
- Swedish - SV (393 KB)
- Italian - IT (393 KB)
- Korean - KR (393 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (393 KB)
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Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References
[1]. Tanumihardjo, S.A., Factors influencing the conversion of carotenoids to retinol: bioavailability to bioconversion to bioefficacy. Int J Vitam Nutr Res, 2002. 72(1): p. 40-5. [Content Brief]
[2]. Leo, M.A., et al. Alcohol, vitamin A, and beta-carotene: adverse interactions, including hepatotoxicity and carcinogenicity. Am J Clin Nutr, 1999. 69(6): p. 1071-85. [Content Brief]
[3]. Yanhong Cui, et al. beta-Carotene induces apoptosis and up-regulates peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma expression and reactive oxygen species production in MCF-7 cancer cells. Eur J Cancer. 2007 Nov;43(17):2590-601. [Content Brief]
[4]. AKIFUMI KAWATA, et al. Anti-inflammatory Activity of β-Carotene, Lycopene and Tri-n-butylborane, a Scavenger of Reactive Oxygen Species. In Vivo. 2018 Mar-Apr; 32(2): 255-264. [Content Brief]
[5]. Paola Palozza, et al. Prooxidant effects of beta-carotene in cultured cells. Mol Aspects Med. 2003 Dec;24(6):353-62. [Content Brief]
Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light, stored under nitrogen). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
| Optional Solvent | Concentration Solvent Mass | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | 25 mg |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| THF | 1 mM | 1.8626 mL | 9.3132 mL | 18.6265 mL | 46.5662 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.3725 mL | 1.8626 mL | 3.7253 mL | 9.3132 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.1863 mL | 0.9313 mL | 1.8626 mL | 4.6566 mL | |
| 15 mM | 0.1242 mL | 0.6209 mL | 1.2418 mL | 3.1044 mL |
β-Carotene Related Classifications
HY-N0411 Related Classifications
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