Art. -Nr.: HY-100202

TPEN

(Synonyms: TPEDA)

28 Cited Publications

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Based on 28 publication(s) in Google Scholar

TPEN (TPEDA) is a specific cell-permeable heavy metal chelator. TPEN has a higher affinity for Zn²⁺, but a lower affinity for Mg²⁺ and Ca²⁺. TPEN induces DNA damage and increases intracellular ROS production. TPEN also inhibits cell proliferation and induces apoptosis.

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Reinheit: 99.91%
CAS. Nr.: 16858-02-9
Formel: C₂₆H₂₈N₆
Molecular Weight:424.55

Speicherung:

Powder -20°C, 3 years , 4°C, 2 years ; In solvent -80°C, 2 years , -20°C, 1 year

TPEN Chemical Structure

CAS. Nr.: 16858-02-9

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Use of MCE Products

Fluorescent Dye

Strong Fluorescence Signal / Multi-Disciplinary Applications / High Fluorescence Specificity

Biologische Aktivität
- Beschreibung
- Cellular Effect
- In Vitro
Chemical Information
Publications (28)
Lösungsmittel & Löslichkeit
- In Vitro
- In Vivo
Protokoll
Reinheit & Dokumentation
Verweise
Help & FAQs
Classifications
Bioz

Biologische Aktivität

Beschreibung

Cellular Effect

Cell Line	Type	Value	Description	References
Fibroblast	IC₅₀	6.7 μM Compound: TPEN	Cytotoxicity against human Fibroblast assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 48 hrs by cell titer-glo assay Cytotoxicity against human Fibroblast assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 48 hrs by cell titer-glo assay	[PMID: 31935092]
PC-12	EC₅₀	38 μM Compound: 1, TPEN	Induction of apoptosis in rat PC12 cells after 24 hrs by trypan blue exclusion assay Induction of apoptosis in rat PC12 cells after 24 hrs by trypan blue exclusion assay	[PMID: 23859779]

In Vitro

Heavy metal chelator TPEN attenuates fura-2 fluorescence changes induced by cadmium, mercury and methylmercury. TPEN, a cell-permeable chelator for heavy metal cations with a low affinity for Ca²⁺. In cells stimulated with 10 or 30 μM cadmium chloride, the addition of TPEN at 3 hr after exposure significantly decreases the elevated fura-2 fluorescence ratio to the basal levels within 10 min (119.6±2.4% or 109±1.5% decrease in ΔRatio (F340/F380) induced by 10 or 30 μM cadmium chloride, respectively), suggesting that a cadmium chloride-induced increase in the fura-2 fluorescence ratio is dependent on an increase in intracellular heavy metal cations but not intracellular Ca²⁺^[1].
TPEN is a metal chelator, which targets colon cancer cells through redox cycling of copper. TPEN reduces cell viability in a dose- and time-dependent manner. TPEN-induced cell death is also dependent on the redox cycling of copper since the copper chelator neocuproine inhibited DNA damage and reduced pChk1, γ-H2AX, and ATM protein expression. Cell death by low TPEN concentrations, involved ATM/ATR signaling in all 3 cell lines, since pre-incubation with specific inhibitors of ATM and DNA-PK led to the recovery of cells from TPEN-induced DNA damage^[2].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Chemical Information

CAS. Nr. 16858-02-9
Appearance Solid
Molecular Weight 424.55
Formel C₂₆H₂₈N₆
Color Light yellow to brown
SMILES

N(CC1=NC=CC=C1)(CC2=NC=CC=C2)CCN(CC3=NC=CC=C3)CC4=NC=CC=C4
Synonyms

TPEDA
Versand

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

Speicherung

Powder	-20°C	3 years
	4°C	2 years
In solvent	-80°C	2 years
	-20°C	1 year

Publications (28)

All Flow CytometryCell Imaging/StainingCell Migration/Invasion AssayWBIHC

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Journal Impact Factor

Gut

Zinc-dependent RNA-binding protein controls hepatocyte senescence and recovery from alcohol-related liver failure. [Abstract]

2026 Jan 13:gutjnl-2025-337019. PMID: 41534893
Nat Commun

CLPX acquires an iron-sulfur cluster to sustain mitochondrial proteostasis in cancer cells. [Abstract]

2026 Jun 9;17(1):5072. PMID: 42265110
J Nanobiotechnology

Metal-organic framework materials promote neural differentiation of dental pulp stem cells in spinal cord injury. [Abstract]

2023 Sep 4;21(1):316. PMID: 37667307

TPEN purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: J Nanobiotechnology. 2023 Sep 4;21(1):316. [Abstract]

DPSCs were treated with TPEN (0 and 0.5 µM) combined with ZIF-8 at a concentration gradient (0, 2.5, 5, 10, 20, and 50 µg/ml). After 24 h of treatment, flow cytometry was used to detect FITC and PE.

TPEN purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: J Nanobiotechnology. 2023 Sep 4;21(1):316. [Abstract]

Fluorescent images of calcein-labeled DPSCs cells treated with TPEN (0, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 1.5, and 2 µM) with ZIF-8 (20 µg/ml) in B27 medium for 6 days.

TPEN purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: J Nanobiotechnology. 2023 Sep 4;21(1):316. [Abstract]

DPSCs were treated with TPEN (0 and 0.5 µM) combined with ZIF-8 at a concentration gradient (0 and 20 µg/ml), and the medium was co-cultured with HUVECs. Then, cells were stained with crystal violet stain for Transwell experiments. The number of transferred cells was quantified.
Adv Sci (Weinh)

Zinc Alleviates Gut Barrier Dysfunction by Promoting the Methylation of AKT. [Abstract]

2025 Sep;12(33):e08280. PMID: 40642900

TPEN purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Adv Sci (Weinh). 2025 Sep;12(33):e08280. [Abstract]

HCT116 cells were treated with TPEN (0, 2.5, 5, and 10 μM) for 1 h, starved in PBS for 1 h, and then supplemented with ZnSO4 for the indicated time. The levels of pS473-AKT, pT308-AKT, p-S6, and the indicated protein were detected by WB.
Small

Targeted Intracellular Copper Reservoir Enhances Liver Cancer Immunotherapy. [Abstract]

2025 Jul 20:e02783. PMID: 40685755
J Hazard Mater

The involvement of SigmaR1K142 degradation mediated by ERAD in neural senescence linked with CdCl2 exposure. [Abstract]

2024 Jul 5:472:134466. PMID: 38718507
Acta Biomater

A metal-free cascade nanoreactor reprograms the cystine-glutathione axis for disulfidptosis-pyroptosis therapy. [Abstract]

2026 Mar:213:666-677. PMID: 41662918
Food Chem

Green synthesis of Zn2+ nanocarriers from Auricularia auricula fermentation broth with excellent antioxidant activity. [Abstract]

2024 Jun 1:442:138386. PMID: 38219568
Int J Biol Macromol

SLC39A1 promotes pancreatic cancer metastasis by elevating intracellular zinc and activating the Src/FAK signaling pathway. [Abstract]

2026 May 27:152746. PMID: 42208832
Br J Pharmacol

Small intestinal glucose and sodium absorption through calcium-induced calcium release and store-operated Ca2+ entry mechanisms. [Abstract]

2021 Jan;178(2):346-362. PMID: 33080043
CNS Neurosci Ther

Laminin degradation by matrix metalloproteinase 9 promotes ketamine-induced neuronal apoptosis in the early developing rat retina. [Abstract]

2020 Oct;26(10):1058-1068. PMID: 32562453

TPEN purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: CNS Neurosci Ther. 2020 Oct;26(10):1058-1068. [Abstract]

The Western blot results show that compared to the control group, the expression of cleaved MMP9 is increased by ZnCl2 treatment and decreased by 100 μM TPEN.

TPEN purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: CNS Neurosci Ther. 2020 Oct;26(10):1058-1068. [Abstract]

The immunohistochemistry assay reveales that exposure to 100 μM TPEN significantly decreases the extent of neuronal apoptosis in the GCL of the rat retina.
Food Funct

Zinc delivery system constructed from food-borne nanoparticles derived from Undaria pinnatifida. [Abstract]

2021 Sep 20;12(18):8626-8634. PMID: 34346455
Int Immunopharmacol

Colistin-induced acute kidney injury via zinc Dyshomeostasis-triggered GSDMD-executed Pyroptosis. [Abstract]

2026 Jan 1;168(Pt 1):115768. PMID: 41176907
Int J Mol Sci

Fisetin Attenuates Zinc Overload-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Mice via Autophagy-Dependent Nrf2 Activation. [Abstract]

2025 May 22;26(11):4978. PMID: 40507790
Front Pharmacol

Ca2+-Permeable Channels/Ca2+ Signaling in the Regulation of Ileal Na+/Gln Co-Transport in Mice. [Abstract]

2022 Feb 23;13:816133. PMID: 35281933
Front Pharmacol

Role of Serosal TRPV4-Constituted SOCE Mechanism in Secretagogues-Stimulated Intestinal Epithelial Anion Secretion. [Abstract]

2021 Jul 14:12:684538. PMID: 34335254
BMC Microbiol

The effects of clioquinol in morphogenesis, cell membrane and ion homeostasis in Candida albicans. [Abstract]

2020 Jun 16;20(1):165. PMID: 32546212
Cell Calcium

MONNA alleviates MPTP-induced Parkinson's disease in zebrafish by activating TFEB dependently on ER Calcium. [Abstract]

2026 Mar:134:103125. PMID: 41637953
PLoS Pathog

Genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9 screen identifies SLC39A9 and PIK3C3 as crucial entry factors for Ebola virus infection. [Abstract]

2024 Aug 22;20(8):e1012444. PMID: 39173055
FASEB J

Low Zinc Ameliorated the Decrease in Intestinal Copper Level Induced by Low Dietary Copper: Involvement of SUMOylated-Mtf-1 and Mtf-1/Atp7a Pathway. [Abstract]

2026 Jun 15;40(11):e72023. PMID: 42257536
BMC Cancer

TRPM2 channels mediate ROS-induced actin remodeling and cell migration of prostate cancer cells. [Abstract]

2025 May 28;25(1):956. PMID: 40437388
Mol Immunol

Naringenin inhibits pro‑inflammatory cytokine production in macrophages through inducing MT1G to suppress the activation of NF‑κB. [Abstract]

2021 Sep:137:155-162. PMID: 34252709
Cancer Med

Zinc cooperates with p53 to inhibit the activity of mitochondrial aconitase through reactive oxygen species accumulation. [Abstract]

2019 May;8(5):2462-2473. PMID: 30972978
Infect Drug Resist

Zinc Chelator N,N,N',N'-Tetrakis(2-Pyridylmethyl)Ethylenediamine Reduces the Resistance of Mycobacterium abscessus to Imipenem. [Abstract]

2020 Aug 18:13:2883-2890. PMID: 32903882
Physiol Rep

Monosodium glutamate-mediated Ca2+-dependent intestinal epithelial ion transports in health and IBS-D in male mice. [Abstract]

2026 Jun;14(11):e70975. PMID: 42281391
bioRxiv

2026 Jun 16.
bioRxiv

2026 Apr 29.
Heliyon

N,N,N',N'-Tetrakis(2-pyridylmethyl)ethylenediamine induces endothelium-dependent hyperpolarization-mediated vasorelaxation via store-operated calcium entry mechanism in healthy and intestinal inflammatory mice. [Abstract]

2024 Jul 6;10(14):e33994. PMID: 39108891

Lösungsmittel & Löslichkeit

In Vitro:

DMSO : 20 mg/mL (47.11 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Preparing Stock Solutions

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Concentration Solvent Mass

1 mg

5 mg

10 mg

Concentration

Solvent

Mass

1 mM

2.3554 mL

11.7772 mL

23.5544 mL

5 mM

0.4711 mL

2.3554 mL

4.7109 mL

10 mM

0.2355 mL

1.1777 mL

2.3554 mL

Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.

Molaritätsrechner

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Mass Mass

Konzentration Konzentration

Volumen Volumen

Molecular Weight Molecular Weight

Verdünnungsrechner

Konzentration _{(Stammlösung)} × Volumen _{(Stammlösung)} = Konzentration _{(Ziellösung)} × Volumen _{(Ziellösung)}

Konzentration _{(Stammlösung)} Konzentration _{(Stammlösung)}

Volumen _{(Stammlösung)} Volumen _{(Stammlösung)}

Konzentration _{(Ziellösung)} Konzentration _{(Ziellösung)}

Volumen _{(Ziellösung)} Volumen _{(Ziellösung)}

In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

Stock Solution Working Solution

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

Protocol 1

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline

Solubility: ≥ 2 mg/mL (4.71 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

Protocol 2

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

Solubility: ≥ 2 mg/mL (4.71 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

Protocol 3

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% Corn Oil

Solubility: ≥ 2 mg/mL (4.71 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2 mg/mL (saturation unknown). If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL Corn oil, and mix evenly.

In Vivo Dissolution Calculator

Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage Dosage
mg/kg
Animal Weight (Per Animal) Animal Weight (Per Animal)
g
Dosing Volume (Per Animal) Dosing Volume (Per Animal)
μL
Number of Animals Number of Animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Please enter your animal formula composition:

%
DMSO +

Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
%
+
+
%
Tween-80 + +
%
Saline +

The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).

Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL

Protokoll

Cell Assay^[1]

Human neuroblastoma cell line SH-SY5Y, are grown in Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle’s Medium (DMEM) mixed 1:1 with Ham’s F-12 nutrient mixture containing 10% fetal bovine serum, 100 unit/mL penicillin and 100 μg/mL streptomycin at 37°C in a humidified 5% CO2 atmosphere. Two days before experimentation, cells are seeded at a density of 7×10⁴ cells/cm² in a 96-well plate. Cells in a 96-well plate are serum-starved for 4 hr; calcium indicator fura-2 is then loaded into the cells by using Calcium kit II fura-2. In brief, SH-SY5Ycells are incubated with 5 μM fura-2/AM in the presence of 0.04% Pluronic F-127, a dispersing agent to improve the efficiency of loading with fura-2, and 1.25 mM probenecid, a blocker of organic anion transport to prevent leakage of fura-2 from cells. After 1 hr incubation at 37°C, fura-2 fluorescence is measured at 500 nm emission after excitation at 340 nm (F340) or 380 nm (F380) using an Infinite M200 plate reader at 37°C.The change in [Ca²⁺]_i is reflected by the ratio of F340 and F380. To determine the changes in fura-2 fluorescence ratio induced by heavy metal compounds, cells are treated with manganese chloride, lead acetate, cadmium chloride , mercuric chloride and MeHg chloride dissolved in distilled water. We confirmed that the cells adhered to the bottom of the plate after 6 hr exposure to heavy metal compounds. The cells are also treated with three Ca²⁺ channel blockers, lanthanum chloride dissolved in distilled water, verapamil and 2-APB dissolved in DMSO, 30 min before heavy metal exposure. The heavy metal chelator TPEN is dissolved in DMSO and added 3 hr after the stimulation with heavy metals to determine the contribution of endogenous and exogenous heavy metals on fura-2 fluorescence changes. We measured the effect of TPEN (20 μM) on the fura-2 fluorescence ratio after a 10 min treatment with TPEN, since our preliminary experiments showed that the effect of TPEN on fura-2 fluorescence reached maximum and stabilized within 10 min of the treatment^[1].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Reinheit & Dokumentation

Select Batch:

Reinheit: 99.98%

Assay: 99.98%

ee.: 99.98%

Data Sheet (281 KB)
SDS (396 KB)
- English - EN (396 KB)
- Français - FR (396 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (396 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (396 KB)
- Español - ES (396 KB)
- Swedish - SV (396 KB)
- Italian - IT (396 KB)
- Korean - KR (396 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (396 KB)
COA (2659 KB)
Elemental Analysis Report (2659 KB)
HNMR (2659 KB)
CNMR (2659 KB)
RP-HPLC (2659 KB)
NP-HPLC (2659 KB)
MS (2659 KB)
LCMS (2659 KB)
IR (2659 KB)
GC (2659 KB)
OR (2659 KB)
SDS-PAGE (2659 KB)
SEC-HPLC (2659 KB)
Other Report (2659 KB)
Handling Instructions (2659 KB)

Verweise

[1]. Ohkubo M, et al. Heavy metal chelator TPEN attenuates fura-2 fluorescence changes induced by cadmium, mercury and methylmercury. J Vet Med Sci. 2016 Jun 1;78(5):761-7. [Content Brief]

[2]. Rahal ON, et al. Chk1 and DNA-PK mediate TPEN-induced DNA damage in a ROS dependent manner in human colon cancer cells. Cancer Biol Ther. 2016 Nov;17(11):1139-1148. [Content Brief]

[3]. E Aizenman, et al. Induction of neuronal apoptosis by thiol oxidation: putative role of intracellular zinc release. J Neurochem. 2000 Nov;75(5):1878-88. [Content Brief]

Help & FAQs

How should lyophilized recombinant proteins be reconstituted and stored?

1. Before opening the cap, centrifuge the vial at 13000 rpm for 20-30 seconds. This step will ensure that any lyophilized powder that may have adhered to the cap or walls is collected at the bottom of the vial, minimizing the risk of product loss.

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.

Optional Solvent	Concentration Solvent Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg	25 mg
DMSO	1 mM	2.3554 mL	11.7772 mL	23.5544 mL	58.8859 mL
	5 mM	0.4711 mL	2.3554 mL	4.7109 mL	11.7772 mL
	10 mM	0.2355 mL	1.1777 mL	2.3554 mL	5.8886 mL
	15 mM	0.1570 mL	0.7851 mL	1.5703 mL	3.9257 mL
	20 mM	0.1178 mL	0.5889 mL	1.1777 mL	2.9443 mL
	25 mM	0.0942 mL	0.4711 mL	0.9422 mL	2.3554 mL
	30 mM	0.0785 mL	0.3926 mL	0.7851 mL	1.9629 mL
	40 mM	0.0589 mL	0.2944 mL	0.5889 mL	1.4721 mL

Bioz

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TPEN

TSQ

BAPTA-AM

Deferoxamine mesylate

Bafilomycin A1

Acetylcysteine

Zinc Pyrithione

Pentetic acid

Zinc sulphate

Dimethyl sulfoxide, meets analytical specification of Ch.P.

Gefitinib

2,2'-Bipyridine

Deferoxamine

Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) TPEN

Biologische Aktivität

Chemical Information

Publications (28)

Lösungsmittel & Löslichkeit

Protokoll

Reinheit & Dokumentation

Verweise

Help & FAQs

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Bioz

TPEN

TSQ

BAPTA-AM

Deferoxamine mesylate

Bafilomycin A1

Acetylcysteine

Zinc Pyrithione

Pentetic acid

Zinc sulphate

Dimethyl sulfoxide, meets analytical specification of Ch.P.

Gefitinib

2,2'-Bipyridine

Deferoxamine

Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) TPEN

Biologische Aktivität

Chemical Information

Publications (28)

Lösungsmittel & Löslichkeit

Protokoll

Reinheit & Dokumentation

Verweise

Help & FAQs

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

TPEN Related Classifications

HY-100202 Related Classifications

Bioz