Cat. No.: HY-19108

CI-959

CI-959 is an orally active cell activation inhibitor. CI-959 selectively suppresses inflammatory cell activation post-receptor signaling via inhibiting calcium influx and weak calmodulin antagonism, without targeting PLC, PKC or NADPH oxidase. CI-959 blocks lung allergic mediator release, anti-IgE bronchial contraction, neutrophil function, T-cell proliferation and DC marker expression while sparing monocytes. CI-959 provides gastric cytoprotection by inhibiting leukocyte adhesion and suppresses tumor motility through F-actin reduction. CI-959 can be used for research on allergies, inflammation, autoimmune diseases, gastric injury, and tumor metastasis .

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

CAS No.: 104795-68-8
Formula: C₁₄H₁₅N₅NaO₃S
Molecular Weight:356.36

Storage:

Please store the product under the recommended conditions in the Certificate of Analysis.

Data Sheet (301 KB)

CI-959 Chemical Structure

CAS No.: 104795-68-8

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Biological Activity
- Description
- IC₅₀ & Target
- In Vitro
- Parmacokinetics
- In Vivo
Chemical Information
Purity & Documentation
References
Calculators
Help & FAQs
Classifications
Bioz

Biological Activity

Description

IC₅₀ & Target^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]^[5]^[6]^[7]^[8]

Calcium Channel

F-actin

All Calcium Channel Isoforms :

All Actin Isoforms :

β-Actin

In Vitro

CI-959 (0.1-100 μM) inhibits spontaneous neutrophil migration and fMLP-induced chemotaxis in human peripheral blood neutrophils, with IC₅₀ values of 3.6 and 3.1 μM, respectively^[3].
CI-959 (100 μM) shows no significant inhibition of fMLP receptor binding in human peripheral blood neutrophils, but only mildly inhibits phagocytosis of opsonized yeast^[3].
CI-959 (0.1-100 μM) selectively inhibits respiratory burst induced by stimuli that promote calcium mobilization or calcium influx in human peripheral blood neutrophils, but does not act on NADPH oxidase itself and does not have oxygen free radical scavenging activity^[3].
CI-959 (0.1-100 μM) selectively suppresses primary granule degranulation, with negligible activity against secondary granule secretion and PKC-dependent degranulation; it has no direct enzyme inhibition or cytotoxicity in human peripheral blood neutrophils^[3].
CI-959 acts upstream of arachidonic acid metabolism via calcium signaling, without direct inhibition of 5-LO or COX enzymes in human peripheral blood neutrophils^[3].
CI-959 (100 μM) targets downstream of PLC and IP3 receptor, blunts neutrophil calcium signaling by inhibiting extracellular Ca²⁺PKC in human peripheral blood neutrophils^[3].
CI-959 (5-10 μM) directly blocks inflammatory mediator-induced leukocyte-endothelial adhesion without disturbing microcirculatory hemodynamics^[4].
CI-959 (0.0075-75 μM; 10 min) potently inhibits immunologically induced mediator release from human and guinea pig lung in vitro, with marked suppression of histamine and leukotriene release^[5].
CI-959 (1-10 μM; 10 min) almost completely inhibits anti-IgE-induced human bronchial smooth muscle contraction^[5].
CI-959 (0.3-100 μM; 24 h) concentration-dependently inhibits Con A (Concanavalin A (Biotinylated)) (HY-NP0174)-stimulated IL-2 release in rat spleen cells and human lymphocytess^[6].
CI-959 (0.03-300 μM) potently suppresses ConA-triggered proliferation (IC₅₀=4.7 μM for rat splenocytes, 5.4 μM for human lymphocytes) and MLR responses (IC₅₀=3.5 μM), and this ConA inhibitory effect cannot be rescued by exogenous IL-2s^[6].
CI-959 (0.01-100 μM) rapidly and in a concentration-dependent manner inhibits the spontaneous polarity of Walker carcinosarcoma cells, and this effect is reversible^[7].
CI-959 (10 μM; 30 min) almost completely inhibits the spontaneous motility of Walker carcinosarcoma cells^[7].
CI-959 (0.001-100 μM) concentration-dependently reduces F-actin content in Walker carcinosarcoma cells, closely correlating with inhibition of cell polarity^[7].
CI-959 (0.01-30 μM; 30 min) inhibition of Walker cell polarity is independent of extracellular calcium^[7].
CI-959 (30 μM) only induces minor shifts of intracellular calcium, and its anti-motile function persists under low-calcium conditions, ruling calcium signaling as its primary mechanism^[7].
CI-959 (1-100 μM; 24-72 h) has no direct hypertrophic effect on cardiomyocytes; cardiac hypertrophy is not a direct compound effect^[8].
CI-959 (0.67 nM-6.7 μM; 30 min) has minimal direct β-adrenoceptor binding activity, ruling out direct catecholaminergic effects^[8].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Parmacokinetics

Species	Dose	Route	C_max	AUC
Rat^[8]	10 mg/kg	i.v.	69 μg/mL	27.6 μg·h/mL
Rat^[8]	100 mg/kg	p.o.	24.1 μg/mL	311 μg·h/mL
Rat^[8]	150 mg/kg	p.o.	36.6 μg/mL	606 μg·h/mL
Rat^[8]	20 mg/kg	i.v.	142 μg/mL	152 μg·h/mL
Rat^[8]	25 mg/kg	p.o.	6.02 μg/mL	35.1 μg·h/mL
Rat^[8]	3 mg/kg	i.v.	23.9 μg/mL	2.43 μg·h/mL
Rat^[8]	30 mg/kg	i.v.	174 μg/mL	557 μg·h/mL
Rat^[8]	50 mg/kg	p.o.	13.5 μg/mL	109 μg·h/mL

In Vivo

CI-959 (0.5-60 mg/mL; intranasal instillation; once daily; for 14 days) exhibits local toxicity to the respiratory and olfactory epithelium of the rat nasal cavity, with the olfactory epithelium being more sensitive than the respiratory epithelium^[1].
CI-959 (10-90 mg/mL; intranasal instillation; once daily; for 14 days) has local toxicity to the respiratory epithelium of the canine nasal cavity^[1].
CI-959 (25-75 mg/kg; p.o.; once daily; for 14 days) exhibits no significant immunotoxicity in rats at doses that do not alter body weight or organ weights^[2].
CI-959 (25-75 mg/kg; p.o.; once daily; for 14 days) does not impair the host resistance of mice to bacteria and tumors^[2].
CI-959 (0.0001-100 mg/kg; p.o.; single dose) exhibits potent cytoprotective activity against NSAID (Aspirin (HY-14654), Indomethacin (HY-14397)) and ethanol-induced gastric mucosal damage in Sprague-Dawley rat, with ED₅₀ values of 0.05 mg/kg (aspirin), 1.0 mg/kg (indomethacin), and 0.07 mg/kg (ethanol), respectively^[4].
CI-959 (5 mg/kg; p.o.; single dose) prophylactic administration reduces the severity of gastric damage but does not accelerate the healing process after injury in Sprague-Dawley rat^[4].
CI-959 (5 mg/kg; p.o.; once daily) has no significant effect on the healing rate of gastric injuries induced by ethanol or indomethacin in Sprague-Dawley rat^[4].
CI-959 (50-200 mg/kg; p.o.; single dose) does not inhibit gastric acid secretion in a rat basal gastric acid secretion model^[4].
CI-959 (0.1-10 mg/kg; p.o.; single dose) dose not inhibit gastric acid secretion in a Beagle dog model of stimulated gastric acid secretion^[4].
CI-959 (2-50 mg/kg; p.o.; single dose) ’s protective effect on gastric cells does not involve the inhibition of the arachidonic acid metabolic pathway in Sprague-Dawley rat^[4].
CI-959 (0.1-100 mg/kg; p.o.; single dose) does not exert cytoprotective effects via regulating intracellular sulfhydryl levels in Sprague-Dawley rat^[4].
CI-959 (1-10 mg/kg; p.o.; single dose) effectively inhibits indomethacin-induced leukocyte adhesion in Sprague-Dawley rat^[4].
CI-959 (25 mg/kg; i.v.; single dose) exhibits gastric cytoprotection after intravenous administration in Sprague-Dawley rat, indicating that its protective effect is independent of local gastrointestinal effects^[4].
CI-959 (3-30 mg/kg; i.v.; once daily; for 14 days) induces reversible cardiac hypertrophy in male Wistar rats, with no myocardial injury or CPK/LDH isozyme changes^[8].
CI-959 (30-100 mg/kg; i.v.; once daily; for 10.5 days) fails to induce cardiac hypertrophy without high plasma drug peaks in Male Wistar rats, confirming Cmax as the critical toxic determinant^[8].
CI-959 (25 mg/kg; i.v.; once daily; for 10 days)-associated cardiac hypertrophy is mediated by endogenous catecholaminergic stimulation of cardiac β₁-adrenoceptors in Male Wistar rats^[8].
CI-959 (100 mg/kg; p.o.; once daily; for 7 days) only triggers mild transient hypotension and slight brief catecholamine elevation in Male Wistar rats, while dopamine levels stay constant^[8].
CI-959 (25 mg/kg; i.v.; once daily; for 7 days) induces persistent hypotension and marked rises in plasma epinephrine and norepinephrine without compensatory tachycardia in Male Wistar rats^[8].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Animal Model:

Wistar rats (85-127 days old, weighing 253-367 g)^[1]
Dosage:

0.5 mg/mL, 2 mg/mL, 10 mg/mL, 20 mg/mL, 30 mg/mL, 60 mg/mL, 90 mg/mL
Administration:

Intranasal instillation, once daily, for 14 days
Result:

Did not cause nasal lesions at 0.5 mg/mL.
Only a few small degenerative foci of the olfactory epithelium in a small number of female animals at 2 mg/mL.
Dose-dependent nasal mucosal degeneration was detected at all four nasal tissue levels in rats, characterized by epithelial disorganization, intracellular edema, mucosal thinning, cellular sloughing and necrosis at concentrations ≥10 mg/mL.
Adhesions and fibrous osteophytes appeared at concentrations ≥20 mg/ml.
Bilateral lesions and serous luminal exudate appeared at 60-90 mg/mL.
Increased salivation was observed in male mice at concentrations ≥20 mg/mL.
Increased salivation was observed in female mice at concentrations ≥60 mg/mL.
Decreased body weight or reduced weight gain was observed in female mice in the 60-90 mg/mL group.

Animal Model:

Beagle dogs (Marshall Farms),(1-3 years old, weighing 8-14 kg)^[1]
Dosage:

10 mg/mL, 20 mg/mL, 30 mg/mL, 60 mg/mL, 90 mg/mL
Administration:

Intranasal instillation, once daily, for 14 days
Result:

Intranasal instillation, once daily, for 14 days No nasal mucosal damage was observed at 10 mg/mL.
Respiratory epithelial degeneration occurred at concentrations ≥20 mg/ml, characterized by loss of cilia and goblet cells, mucosal thinning, and squamous or transitional metaplasia; lesion severity and extent increased with concentration.
Almost all dogs treated with the medication experienced salivation, but this was not related to the dosage.
Had no effect on body weight, food intake, or body temperature.

Animal Model:

Male Fischer 344 rats (6-7 weeks)^[2]
Dosage:

25 mg/kg, 50 mg/kg, 75 mg/kg
Administration:

p.o., once daily, for 14 days
Result:

Had no significant effect on the percentage of T and B cells in the spleen or the total number of spleen cells.
Significantly reduced NK cell activity, but in no dose-dependent manner.
Had no significant effect on Con A and PWM-induced lymphocyte proliferation.
Significant reductions in AFC/10⁶ cells and AFC/spleen at 75 mg/kg were observed on days 4 and 5.
Reduced spleen weight, but had no significant effect on the clearance half-life of ⁵¹Cr-sRBCs, liver and spleen uptake.
Significantly reduced NK cell activity (approximately 15-18% inhibition) at 50 and 75 mg/kg, but this was not dose-dependent.

Animal Model:

Female B6C3F1 mice (6-8 weeks)^[2]
Dosage:

25 mg/kg, 50 mg/kg, 75 mg/kg
Administration:

p.o., once daily, for 14 days
Result:

None of the bacterial challenge doses altered the host resistance of mice to Streptococcus pneumoniae.
None of the bacterial challenge doses altered the host resistance of mice to Listeria monocytogenes.
The number of lung nodules and CPM/lung ratio were comparable to those in the control group at each tumor cell attack dose.

Animal Model:

Female Sprague-Dawley rats weighting 180-300 g^[4]
Dosage:

0.0001-100 mg/kg
Administration:

p.o., single dose
Result:

Provided dose-dependent gastric mucosal protection against aspirin (ED₅₀ = 0.05 mg/kg), indomethacin (ED₅₀ = 1.0 mg/kg), and ethanol (ED₅₀ = 0.07 mg/kg).
Prevented ethanol-induced mucosal and submucosal edema and hemorrhage at 10 mg/kg.

Animal Model:

Female Sprague-Dawley rats weighting 180-300 g^[4]
Dosage:

5 mg/kg
Administration:

p.o., single dose
Result:

Showed lower damage levels than the solvent group at all time points, with an average cytoprotective effect of approximately 86%, but the healing rate was parallel to that of the solvent group.

Animal Model:

Female Sprague-Dawley rats weighting 180-300 g^[4]
Dosage:

5 mg/kg
Administration:

p.o., once daily
Result:

Had no significant effect on the healing rate of gastric injuries induced by ethanol or indomethacin.

Animal Model:

Shay pylorus-ligated rat weighting 140-240 g^[4]
Dosage:

50 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg
Administration:

p.o., single dose
Result:

Had no significant effect on basal gastric acid secretion.

Animal Model:

Gastric fistula female beagle dogs weighting 7-11 kg^[4]
Dosage:

0.1 mg/kg, 1 mg/kg, 10 mg/kg
Administration:

p.o., single dose
Result:

Had no effect on Dimaprit (Dimaprit dihydrochloride) (HY-B1478)-stimulated gastric acid secretion.

Animal Model:

Female Sprague-Dawley rats weighting 180-300 g^[4]
Dosage:

2 mg/kg, 10 mg/kg, 50 mg/kg
Administration:

p.o., single dose
Result:

Had no significant inhibitory effect on the production of PGE₂ and LTC₄ in the gastric mucosa stimulated by ethanol.

Animal Model:

Female Sprague-Dawley rats weighting 180-300 g^[4]
Dosage:

0.1 mg/kg, 1 mg/kg, 10 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg combined with NEM (50 mg/kg)
Administration:

p.o. combined with NEM (s.c.), single dose
Result:

Showed no significant change in gastric cytoprotection after NEM ( N-Ethylmaleimide) (HY-D0843) co-administration.

Animal Model:

Female Sprague-Dawley rats weighting 180-300 g^[4]
Dosage:

1 mg/kg, 5 mg/kg, 10 mg/kg
Administration:

p.o., single dose
Result:

Completely inhibited indomethacin-induced leukocyte adhesion at 5 and 10 mg/kg.

Animal Model:

Female Sprague-Dawley rats weighting 180-300 g^[4]
Dosage:

25 mg/kg
Administration:

i.v., single dose
Result:

Exhibited gastric cytoprotection after intravenous administration.

Animal Model:

Exhibited gastric cytoprotection after intravenous administration.
Dosage:

3 mg/kg, 10 mg/kg, 30 mg/kg
Administration:

i.v., once daily, for 14 days
Result:

No cardiac morphological or biochemical changes at 3 mg/kg for 14 days.
Ventricular wall thickening and massive myocardial glycogen accumulation appeared at day 7 with 10 and 30 mg/kg.
Right ventricular hypertrophy occurred at day 14 for 30 mg/kg.
Glycogen accumulation and myocyte enlargement; no degeneration or necrosis, all these changes completely reversible after 14-day withdrawal.
Increased Heart wet weight, dry weight, and total protein.
Induced cardiac hypertrophy was not associated with CPK or LDH isozyme changes.

Animal Model:

Male Wistar rats (weighting 150-250 g)^[8]
Dosage:

30 mg/kg
Administration:

i.v., once daily, for 10.5 days
Result:

Daily IV bolus increased heart weight by 35%.
Ontinuous infusion at 30/100 mg/kg/day resulted in steady-state plasma levels of only 3.1 and 10 μg/mL.
Continuous infusion had no effect on heart weight.
Was undetectable in plasma 24 hours after the last administration in the intravenous bolus group.

Animal Model:

Male Wistar rats (weighting 150-250 g)^[8]
Dosage:

25 mg/kg
Administration:

i.v., once daily, for 10 days
Result:

Triggered cardiac hypertrophy and glycogen accumulation were completely abolished by central sympatholytics (Clonidine (HY-12721)), nonselective β-blockers (D,L-propranolol and L-propranolol) and β₁-selective antagonists (Atenolol (HY-17498) and Practolol (HY-119802)).

Animal Model:

Male Sprague-Dawley rats (weighting 328-477 g)^[8]
Dosage:

100 mg/kg
Administration:

p.o., once daily, for 7 days
Result:

Produced only slight BP reduction of 11 mmHg.
Produced only transient catecholamine increase, returning by 4 h.

Animal Model:

Male Sprague-Dawley rats (weighting 328-477 g)^[8]
Dosage:

25 mg/kg
Administration:

i.v., once daily, for 7 days
Result:

Produced sustained BP reduction of 20-26 mmHg, maximal at 1-2 h, recovery at 5-6 h.
Produced significant and prolonged increase in plasma Epi and NE, peaking at 1 h, sustained for at least 4 h.

Chemical Information

CAS No. 104795-68-8
Molecular Weight 356.36
Formula C₁₄H₁₅N₅NaO₃S
SMILES

COC1=CC=C2C(C(OC(C)C)=C(C(NC3=NN=NN3)=O)S2)=C1.[Na]
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Storage

Please store the product under the recommended conditions in the Certificate of Analysis.

Purity & Documentation

Select Batch:

Purity: 99.98%

Assay: 99.98%

ee.: 99.98%

Data Sheet (301 KB)
COA (2659 KB)
Elemental Analysis Report (2659 KB)
HNMR (2659 KB)
CNMR (2659 KB)
RP-HPLC (2659 KB)
NP-HPLC (2659 KB)
MS (2659 KB)
LCMS (2659 KB)
IR (2659 KB)
GC (2659 KB)
OR (2659 KB)
SDS-PAGE (2659 KB)
SEC-HPLC (2659 KB)
Other Report (2659 KB)
Handling Instructions (2659 KB)

References

[1]. Walsh KM, et al. Nasal toxicity of CI-959 free acid, a novel anti-inflammatory drug, in Wistar rats and Beagle dogs. Toxicol Pathol. 1998 Nov-Dec;26(6):717-23. [Content Brief]

[2]. Bleavins MR, et al. Immunotoxicologic studies with CI-959 free acid, a novel benzothiophene cell activation inhibitor. Toxicology. 1995 Apr 12;98(1-3):111-23. [Content Brief]

[3]. Wright CD, et al. Selective regulation of human neutrophil functions by the cell activation inhibitor CI-959. J Leukoc Biol. 1994 Apr;55(4):443-51. [Content Brief]

[4]. Low J, et al. Cytoprotective effects of CI-959 in the rat gastric mucosa: modulation of leukocyte adhesion. Gastroenterology. 1995 Oct;109(4):1224-33. [Content Brief]

[5]. Adolphson RL, et al. CI-959, a new, potential antiallergic drug, inhibits mediator release from lung and contractions of human airways in vitro. Int Arch Allergy Appl Immunol. 1990;93(2-3):267-71. [Content Brief]

[6]. Dong MK, et al. Inhibition of interleukin-2 production and lymphocyte responsiveness by the cell activation inhibitor, CI-959. Agents Actions. 1991 Sep;34(1-2):53-5. [Content Brief]

[7]. von Tscharner Biino N, et al. Suppression of polarity, locomotion and F-actin levels of Walker carcinosarcoma cells by the inhibitor CI-959. Life Sci. 1997;61(2):137-45. [Content Brief]

[8]. Low JE, et al. Cardiac hypertrophy in rats after intravenous administration of CI-959, a novel antiinflammatory compound: morphologic features and pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic mechanisms. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 1995 Jun;25(6):930-9. [Content Brief]

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How should lyophilized recombinant proteins be reconstituted and stored?

1. Before opening the cap, centrifuge the vial at 13000 rpm for 20-30 seconds. This step will ensure that any lyophilized powder that may have adhered to the cap or walls is collected at the bottom of the vial, minimizing the risk of product loss.

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CI-959

All Calcium Channel Isoforms

All Actin Isoforms

Biological Activity

Chemical Information

Purity & Documentation

References

Calculators

Help & FAQs

CI-959 Related Classifications

HY-19108 Related Classifications