Cat. No.: HY-N2393

Kukoamine B

1 Cited Publications

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Based on 1 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Kukoamine B, a spermine alkaloid, is a potent dual LPS and CpG DNA inhibitor with K_d values of 1.23 µM and 0.66 µM, respectively. Kukoamine B exerts anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, anti-oxidant, anti-osteoporotic and neuroprotective effects. Kukoamine B has the potential for the study of sepsis.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

Purity: 99.87%
CAS No.: 164991-67-7
Formula: C₂₈H₄₂N₄O₆
Molecular Weight:530.66

Storage:

Powder -20°C, 3 years ; In solvent -80°C, 6 months , -20°C, 1 month

Kukoamine B Chemical Structure

CAS No.: 164991-67-7

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Top Publications Citing

Use of MCE Products

Fluorescent Dye

Strong Fluorescence Signal / Multi-Disciplinary Applications / High Fluorescence Specificity

Biological Activity
- Description
- In Vitro
- In Vivo
- Clinical Trial
Chemical Information
Publications (1)
Solvent & Solubility
- In Vitro
- In Vivo
Purity & Documentation
References
Help & FAQs
Bioz

Biological Activity

Description

All MMP Isoforms :

All p38 MAPK Isoforms :

All PI3K Isoforms :

All Akt Isoforms :

All DNA/RNA Synthesis Isoforms :

In Vitro

Kukoamine B (5-20 μM, 2 h) increases cell viability, and prevents plasma membrane from damaging in SH-SY5Y cells^[2].
Kukoamine B (5-20 μM, 2 h) attenuates H₂O₂-induced Apoptosis and mitochondria membrane potential (MMP) loss in SH-SY5Y cells^[2].
Kukoamine B (5-20 μM, 2 h) demonstrates anti-oxidative stress effects by modulating the MAPKs and PI3K-AKT signaling pathways in SH-SY5Y cells^[2].
Kukoamine B (10-20 μM, 3 days) increases osteoblast differentiation and the mineralized nodule formation of preosteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells^[3].
Kukoamine B (50-200 μM, 12 h) is a dual inhibitor of LPS- and CpG DNA-induced TNF-a and IL-6 release from RAW 264.7 cells and murine peritoneal macrophages^[4].
Kukoamine B (50-200 μM, 12 h) down-regulates two receptors (TLR4 and TLR9) and two important enzymes (iNOS and COX-2) mRNA expressions upregulated by LPS and CpG DNA in RAW 264.7cells^[4].
Kukoamine B (0-200 μM, 30min-2 h) inhibits IkB-a and p38 phosphorylation and NF-kB activation induced by LPS and CpG DNA in RAW 264.7cells ^[4].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Cell Viability Assay^[2]

Cell Line:

SH-SY5Y cells
Concentration:

5, 10, 20 μM (H₂O₂, 100 μM, for another 12 h)
Incubation Time:

2 h
Result:

Prevented cell death and improved cell viability dose-dependently.
Lowered the LDH release.
Increased the activity of CAT, SOD, and GSH-Px, and reduced the MDA production.

Apoptosis Analysis^[2]

Cell Line:

SH-SY5Y cells
Concentration:

5, 10, 20 μM (H₂O₂, 100 μM, for another 12 h)
Incubation Time:

2 h
Result:

Decreased total apoptotic cells and late apoptotic cells.

Immunofluorescence^[2]

Cell Line:

SH-SY5Y cells
Concentration:

5, 10, 20 μM (H₂O₂, 100 μM, for another 12 h)
Incubation Time:

2 h
Result:

Increased the fluorescence intensity of Rho (Rhodamine) 123.
Decreased the ROS production.

Western Blot Analysis^[2]

Cell Line:

SH-SY5Y cells
Concentration:

5, 10, 20 μM (H₂O₂, 100 μM, for another 12 h)
Incubation Time:

2 h
Result:

Restored the mitochondria function via inhibiting the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax.
Decreased cytochromec, caspase-3, caspase-9, p-p38, p-ERK and p-JNK expression.
Increased p-AKT expression.

RT-PCR^[4]

Cell Line:

RAW 264.7 cells
Concentration:

0, 100, 200 μM
Incubation Time:

12 h
Result:

Down-regulated the mRNA expression of two receptors (TLR4 and TLR9) and two important enzymes (iNOS and COX-2).

Western Blot Analysis^[4]

Cell Line:

RAW 264.7 cells
Concentration:

0, 100, 200 μM
Incubation Time:

30 min-2 h
Result:

Suppressed the IkB-a and p38 phosphorylation as well as the degradation of IkB-a.

In Vivo

Kukoamine B (20, 50 mg/kg, i.g., daily, 9 weeks) reduces inflammation and blood glucose without body weight gain or liver mass increase^[1].
Kukoamine B (2, 5 mg/kg, p.o., daily, 12 weeks) demonstrates the anti-osteoporotic effects in ovariectomized (OVX) mice^[3].
Kukoamine B (1.25-60 mg/kg, i.v., only one injection or very 8 h for 3 days) protects mice challenged with E. coli and reduces the circulatory levels of LPS and TNF-a in sepsis model mice^[4].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Animal Model:

Male, 4-week old db/db mice (BKS.Cgm+/+Leprdb/J) and wildtype (WT) mice (C57BLKS/J-m+/+ db). A spontaneous type 2 diabetic animal model^[1].
Dosage:

20, 50 mg/kg
Administration:

i.g., daily, 9 weeks
Result:

Successfully controlled the augment of blood glucose with age increase.
Reduced levels of 29 inflammatory markers such as IL-2, IL-3, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-7 and IL8.

Animal Model:

Seven-week-old female ddy mice underwent either an ovariectomy or sham-operated surgery^[3].
Dosage:

2, 5 mg/kg
Administration:

p.o., daily, 12 weeks
Result:

Inhibited the OVX-induced BMD loss in the right femur bone and restored the impaired bone structural properties of BV/TV, Tb.Th, Tb.N, and Tb.Sp.

Animal Model:

Kunming (KM) mice, 4–6 weeks old, 18–20 g, male and female in equal number. Mice were injected with heat-killed E. coli (EC, 1.0 * 10¹¹ CFU•kg_-1) in order to establish the sepsis model.^[4].
Dosage:

1.25, 2.5, 5, 10, 15, 30, 60 mg/kg
Administration:

80 mice (15, 30, 60 mg/kg), i.v., only one injection; 100 mice (1.25, 2.5, 5 mg/kg), i.v., every 8 h for 3 days; 96 mice, (60 mg/kg), i.v., once at 0, 2, 4, 6, 8 h after injection of EC.
Result:

Significantly decreased the mortality rate from 87.5% to 62.5%, 62.5%, or 37.5% (15, 30, 60 mg/kg).
Decreased the mortality rate from 95% to 65%, 60% and 45% (1.25, 2.5 and 5 mg/kg).
Decreased the circulatory LPS and TNF-a levels in a time-dependent manner.

Clinical Trial

NCT Number	Sponsor	Condition	Start Date	Phase A549
NCT01329991	Plexxikon\|		2011-05	PHASE1

Chemical Information

CAS No. 164991-67-7
Appearance Solid
Molecular Weight 530.66
Formula C₂₈H₄₂N₄O₆
Color White to off-white
SMILES

O=C(N(CCCN)CCCCNCCCNC(CCC1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1)=O)CCC2=CC=C(O)C(O)=C2
Structure Classification
- Alkaloids
- Other Alkaloids
- Phenols
- Polyphenols
Initial Source
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

Storage

Powder	-20°C	3 years
In solvent	-80°C	6 months
	-20°C	1 month

Publications (1)

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Journal Impact Factor

Adv Sci (Weinh)

TrxR2 Lactylation Facilitates Mitochondrial Protection and Endothelial Ferroptosis Resistance in Diabetic Cardiomyopathy. [Abstract]

2026 Apr;13(22):e21997. PMID: 41704008

Solvent & Solubility

In Vitro:

H₂O : 62.5 mg/mL (117.78 mM; Need ultrasonic)

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Preparing Stock Solutions

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Concentration Solvent Mass

1 mg

5 mg

10 mg

Concentration

Solvent

Mass

1 mM

1.8844 mL

9.4222 mL

18.8445 mL

5 mM

0.3769 mL

1.8844 mL

3.7689 mL

10 mM

0.1884 mL

0.9422 mL

1.8844 mL

Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

Molarity Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Mass Mass

Concentration Concentration

Volume Volume

Molecular Weight Molecular Weight

Dilution Calculator

Concentration _(start) × Volume _(start) = Concentration _(final) × Volume _(final)

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In Vivo:

Working Solution

For the following dissolution methods, please prepare the working solution directly:

It is recommended to prepare fresh solutions and use them promptly within a short period of time.

The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

Protocol 1

Add each solvent one by one: PBS

Solubility: 50 mg/mL (94.22 mM); Clear solution; Need ultrasonic

Purity & Documentation

Select Batch:

Purity: 99.98%

Assay: 99.98%

ee.: 99.98%

Data Sheet (280 KB)
SDS (393 KB)
- English - EN (393 KB)
- Français - FR (393 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (393 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (393 KB)
- Español - ES (393 KB)
- Swedish - SV (393 KB)
- Italian - IT (393 KB)
- Korean - KR (393 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (393 KB)
COA (2659 KB)
Elemental Analysis Report (2659 KB)
HNMR (2659 KB)
CNMR (2659 KB)
RP-HPLC (2659 KB)
NP-HPLC (2659 KB)
MS (2659 KB)
LCMS (2659 KB)
IR (2659 KB)
GC (2659 KB)
OR (2659 KB)
SDS-PAGE (2659 KB)
SEC-HPLC (2659 KB)
Other Report (2659 KB)
Handling Instructions (2659 KB)

References

[1]. Li YY, et al. A Metabolomics Approach to Investigate Kukoamine B-A Potent Natural Product With Anti-diabetic Properties. Front Pharmacol. 2019 Jan 22;9:1575. [Content Brief]

[2]. Hu XL, et al. Neuroprotective effects of Kukoamine B against hydrogen peroxide-induced apoptosis and potential mechanisms in SH-SY5Y cells. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol. 2015 Jul;40(1):230-40. [Content Brief]

[3]. Park E, et al. Anti-Osteoporotic Effects of Kukoamine B Isolated from Lycii Radicis Cortex Extract on Osteoblast and Osteoclast Cells and Ovariectomized Osteoporosis Model Mice. Int J Mol Sci. 2019 Jun 6;20(11):2784. [Content Brief]

[4]. Liu X, et al. Kukoamine B, a novel dual inhibitor of LPS and CpG DNA, is a potential candidate for sepsis treatment. Br J Pharmacol. 2011 Mar;162(6):1274-90. [Content Brief]

Help & FAQs

How should lyophilized recombinant proteins be reconstituted and stored?

1. Before opening the cap, centrifuge the vial at 13000 rpm for 20-30 seconds. This step will ensure that any lyophilized powder that may have adhered to the cap or walls is collected at the bottom of the vial, minimizing the risk of product loss.

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

Optional Solvent	Concentration Solvent Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg	25 mg
H₂O	1 mM	1.8844 mL	9.4222 mL	18.8445 mL	47.1111 mL
	5 mM	0.3769 mL	1.8844 mL	3.7689 mL	9.4222 mL
	10 mM	0.1884 mL	0.9422 mL	1.8844 mL	4.7111 mL
	15 mM	0.1256 mL	0.6281 mL	1.2563 mL	3.1407 mL
	20 mM	0.0942 mL	0.4711 mL	0.9422 mL	2.3556 mL
	25 mM	0.0754 mL	0.3769 mL	0.7538 mL	1.8844 mL
	30 mM	0.0628 mL	0.3141 mL	0.6281 mL	1.5704 mL
	40 mM	0.0471 mL	0.2356 mL	0.4711 mL	1.1778 mL
	50 mM	0.0377 mL	0.1884 mL	0.3769 mL	0.9422 mL
	60 mM	0.0314 mL	0.1570 mL	0.3141 mL	0.7852 mL
	80 mM	0.0236 mL	0.1178 mL	0.2356 mL	0.5889 mL
	100 mM	0.0188 mL	0.0942 mL	0.1884 mL	0.4711 mL

* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

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Kukoamine B

Apoptosis Compound Library

Cell Cycle/DNA Damage Compound Library

Immunology/Inflammation Compound Library

Kinase Inhibitor Library

MAPK Compound Library

Metabolism/Protease Compound Library

NF-κB Signaling Compound Library

PI3K/Akt/mTOR Compound Library

Stem Cell Signaling Compound Library

Natural Product Library

Anti-Cancer Compound Library

Clinical Compound Library

Autophagy Compound Library

Anti-Aging Compound Library

Differentiation Inducing Compound Library

Reprogramming Compound Library

Anti-diabetic Compound Library

Oxygen Sensing Compound Library

Phenols Library

Glycolysis Compound Library

Pyroptosis Compound Library

Cytoskeleton Compound Library

Orally Active Compound Library

Glutamine Metabolism Compound Library

Traditional Chinese Medicine Active Compound Library

Neuroprotective Compound Library

Alkaloids Library

Anti-Breast Cancer Compound Library

Anti-Lung Cancer Compound Library

Anti-Pancreatic Cancer Compound Library

Anti-Blood Cancer Compound Library

Anti-Cancer Metabolism Compound Library

Neurodegenerative Disease-related Compound Library

Anti-Obesity Compound Library

Angiogenesis-Related Compound Library

Glucose Metabolism Compound Library

Anti-Liver Cancer Compound Library

Anti-Colorectal Cancer Compound Library

Anti-Cancer Natural Product Library

Antidepressant Compound Library

Anti-inflammatory Traditional Chinese Medicine Active Compound Library

Plant-Sourced Natural Product Library

Human Metabolite Library

Anti-Prostate Cancer Compound Library

Anti-Pulmonary Fibrosis Compound Library

Cancer Stem Cells Compound Library

Pain-Related Compound Library

Protease Inhibitor Library

Membrane Protein-targeted Compound Library

Cell Death Library

Serine/Threonine Kinase Inhibitor Library

Anti-Hematopathy Compound Library

Anti-Ovarian Cancer Compound Library

Multi-Target Compound Library

Bioactive Compound Library Max

Natural Product Library Plus

Clinical Compound Library Plus

Natural Product and Natural Product-Like Compound Library

Bioactive Compound Library

Anti-Gastric Cancer Compound Library

Anti-Fibrosis Compound Library

Anti-Brain Cancer Compound Library

Tibetan Medicine Compound Library

Heat-Clearing and Detoxification Traditional Chinese Medicine Compound Library

Protein Kinase Compound Library

Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) Compound Library

Cell Proliferation Compound Library

High-Throughput Bioactive Compound Library

High-Throughput Natural Product Library

Ancient Chinese Classical Formulas Traditional Chinese Medicine Active Compound Library

Anti-Rheumatic Arthritis Compound Library

Mass Spectrometry Human Metabolite Library

Diarrhea-Related Traditional Chinese Medicine Active Compound Library

Posttranslational Modification Library

Natural Product Diversity Scaffold Library

Lactylation Compound Library

Mass Spectrometry Natural Product Library

Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) Kukoamine B

All MMP Isoforms