Sulfamethylphenazole
Sulfamethylphenazole (Sulfapyrazole; Vesulong) is a long-acting sulfonamide antibacterial agent. Sulfamethylphenazole maintains effective chemotherapeutic blood concentrations through the slow release of free sulfonamide from a protein-binding reservoir and can be used in combination with antibiotics such as Terramycin for bovine hemorrhagic septicemia. Sulfamethylphenazole exhibits moderate antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv (MIC = 15.38 μg/mL) and inhibitory activity against CYP 2C9. Sulfamethylphenazole can be used in studies related to tuberculosis and hemorrhagic septicemia.
For research use only. We do not sell to patients.
- CAS No.: 852-19-7
- Formula: C16H16N4O2S
- Molecular Weight:328.39
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Storage:
Please store the product under the recommended conditions in the Certificate of Analysis.
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Biological Activity
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Chemical Information
- Protocols
- Purity & Documentation
- References
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Help & FAQs
Biological Activity
Description
IC50 & Target
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CYP2C9 |
In Vitro
Sulfamethylphenazole (compound 16c) moderately inhibits Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv, with an MIC of 15.38 μg/mL[1].
Sulfamethylphenazole (0.5 μM) inhibits CYP 2C9 by 45.0%[1].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only. Further protocols information, click here.
In Vivo
In a field survey of hemorrhagic septicemia in cattle/buffaloes in Punjab, Pakistan, Sulfamethylphenazole combined with terramycin is preferred by 60% of veterinarians, while its single use is accepted by 30% of them. Moreover, it is only effective when administered in the early stage of the disease[3].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
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Animal Model:Female calves (Kalbinnen), 2-3 years of age[2]
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Dosage:10 mL/100 kg; 20 mL/100 kg; 30 mL/100 kg
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Administration:i.m.; single injection
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Result:10 mL/100 kg dose group: twenty-four hours after dosing, the mean total sulfonamide in whole blood was 0.8 mg/100 mL and the mean free sulfonamide was 0.1 mg/100 mL. This free level was below the chemotherapeutically active threshold (0.2-0.3 mg/100 mL whole blood) and did not maintain an effective blood concentration.
20 mL/100 kg dose group: twenty-four hours after dosing, the mean total sulfonamide in whole blood was 2.1 mg/100 mL and the mean free sulfonamide was 0.3 mg/100 mL. This free level reached the active threshold and sustained a chemotherapeutically effective concentration for at least 24 hours.
30 mL/100 kg dose group: twenty-four hours after dosing, the mean total sulfonamide in whole blood was 4.2 mg/100 mL and the mean free sulfonamide was 0.7 mg/100 mL. This exceeded the active threshold and represented supratherapeutic exposure.
A single intramuscular injection of 20 mL of the 20% test sulfonamide solution per 100 kg body weight was the optimal dosage to maintain a chemotherapeutically active free sulfonamide level for at least 24 hours in cattle.
Chemical Information
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CAS No. 852-19-7
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Molecular Weight 328.39
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Formula C16H16N4O2S
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SMILES
O=S(NC1=CC(C)=NN1C2=CC=CC=C2)(C3=CC=C(N)C=C3)=O
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Synonyms
Sulfapyrazole; Vesulong
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Shipping
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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Storage
Please store the product under the recommended conditions in the Certificate of Analysis.
Protocols
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Research Protocol for Infectious Diseases
Infectious-disease experiments test how pathogens interact with host barriers, innate immune receptors, inflammatory signaling, pathogen replication, and tissue injury; pattern-recognition receptors such as TLRs, RIG-I-like receptors, NOD-like receptors, and inflammasomes detect microbial molecules and activate NF-κB, interferon, and cytokine responses. The central hypothesis is that infection severity reflects the balance between pathogen burden and host response: protective inflammation restricts pathogen growth, whereas excessive or mislocalized inflammation contributes to tissue damage and disease phenotype. Unresolved questions include which host pathways are protective versus pathogenic, why some infection models fail to translate to human disease, and which combined readouts best predict clinically relevant infection outcomes.
Purity & Documentation
References
[1]. Chen H, et al. The optimization and characterization of functionalized sulfonamides derived from sulfaphenazole against Mycobacterium tuberculosis with reduced CYP 2C9 inhibition. Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters. 2021 May 15;40:127924. [Content Brief]
[3]. Sheikh MA, Anzam M, Shakoori AR. Observations on haemorrhagic septicaemia in Pakistan livestock. Zentralbl Veterinarmed B. 1996 Jul;43(5):293-304. [Content Brief]
Calculators
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
Sulfamethylphenazole Related Classifications
HY-105828 Related Classifications
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