2. Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
  3. Tyrosinase Endogenous Metabolite
  4. 2-Ketoglutaric acid

2-Ketoglutaric acid  (Synonyms: Alpha-Ketoglutaric acid; 2-Oxoglutaric acid)

Cat. No.: HY-W013636 Purity: 99.68%
COA
SDS
Handling Instructions Technical Support

2-Ketoglutaric acid (Alpha-Ketoglutaric acid) is an intermediate in the production of ATP or GTP in the Krebs cycle. 2-Ketoglutaric acid also acts as the major carbon skeleton for nitrogen-assimilatory reactions. 2-Ketoglutaric acid is a reversible inhibitor of tyrosinase (IC50=15 mM).

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

CAS No. : 328-50-7

Size Price Stock Quantity
500 mg In-stock
1 g In-stock
5 g   Get quote  
10 g   Get quote  

* Please select Quantity before adding items.

This product is a controlled substance and not for sale in your territory.

Customer Review

Based on 6 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Other Forms of 2-Ketoglutaric acid:

2-Ketoglutaric acid Related Antibodies

Top Publications Citing Use of Products

    2-Ketoglutaric acid purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Redox Biol. 2024 May:71:103112.  [Abstract]

    Cells were infected with PDCoV in Gln-containing medium, Gln-free medium, or Gln-free medium supplemented with oxoglutaric acid (αKG) (1 or 4 mM).

    View All Endogenous Metabolite Isoform Specific Products:

    View All Isoforms
    Human Endogenous Metabolite Microbial Metabolite

    • Biological Activity

    • Purity & Documentation

    • References

    • Customer Review

    Description

    2-Ketoglutaric acid (Alpha-Ketoglutaric acid) is an intermediate in the production of ATP or GTP in the Krebs cycle. 2-Ketoglutaric acid also acts as the major carbon skeleton for nitrogen-assimilatory reactions. 2-Ketoglutaric acid is a reversible inhibitor of tyrosinase (IC50=15 mM)[1].

    IC50 & Target[1]

    Human Endogenous Metabolite

     

    Microbial Metabolite

     

    Tyrosinase

    15 mM (IC50)

    Cellular Effect
    Cell Line Type Value Description References
    HEK293 EC50
    54 μM
    Compound: 164533
    Substrate uptake by the Na(+)/Dicarboxylate Cotransporter 3 (NADC3, SLC13A3) as assessed by the fluorescent FLIPR membrane potential dye in HEK-293 JumpIN-SLC13A3 cells (PubChem AID: 1794820)
    Substrate uptake by the Na(+)/Dicarboxylate Cotransporter 3 (NADC3, SLC13A3) as assessed by the fluorescent FLIPR membrane potential dye in HEK-293 JumpIN-SLC13A3 cells (PubChem AID: 1794820)
    		10.5281/zenodo.7360495
    Oocyte IC50
    700 μM
    Compound: alpha-Ketoglutarate
    TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of TEA uptake (TEA: 10 uM) in Xenopus laevis oocytes
    TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of TEA uptake (TEA: 10 uM) in Xenopus laevis oocytes
    		[PMID: 11502595]
    Oocyte IC50
    740 μM
    Compound: alpha-Ketoglutarate
    TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of TEA uptake (TEA: 10 uM) in Xenopus laevis oocytes
    TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of TEA uptake (TEA: 10 uM) in Xenopus laevis oocytes
    		[PMID: 11502595]
    In Vitro

    2-Ketoglutaric acid (Alpha-Ketoglutaric acid) has other physiological capabilities including reduction of ammonia level formed in the lung and general ammonia detoxification, protective role against lipid peroxidation and neuroprotective effect against cyanide poisoning[1].
    2-Ketoglutaric acid acts as precursor for the synthesis of amino acids and nucleotides[2].

    MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

    2-Ketoglutaric acid Related Antibodies
    Molecular Weight

    146.10

    Formula

    C5H6O5
    CAS No.
    Appearance

    Solid

    Color

    Off-white to light yellow

    SMILES

    O=C(C(O)=O)CCC(O)=O
    Structure Classification
    Initial Source
    Shipping

    Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
    Storage
    Powder -20°C 3 years
    4°C 2 years
    In solvent -80°C 6 months
    -20°C 1 month
    Solvent & Solubility
    In Vitro: 

    DMSO : 250 mg/mL (1711.16 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

    H2O : 50 mg/mL (342.23 mM; Need ultrasonic)

    Preparing
    Stock Solutions
    Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
    1 mM 6.8446 mL 34.2231 mL 68.4463 mL
    5 mM 1.3689 mL 6.8446 mL 13.6893 mL
    View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

    * Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
    Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

    * Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

    • Molarity Calculator

    • Dilution Calculator

    Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

    Mass
    =
    Concentration
    ×
    Volume
    ×
    Molecular Weight *

    Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

    This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

    Concentration (start)

    C1

    ×
    Volume (start)

    V1

    =
    Concentration (final)

    C2

    ×
    Volume (final)

    V2

    In Vivo:

    Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

    For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
    To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
    The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

    • Protocol 1

      Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    40% PEG300    5% Tween-80    45% Saline

      Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (14.24 mM); Clear solution

      This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

      Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

      Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
    • Protocol 2

      Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

      Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (14.24 mM); Clear solution

      This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

      Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

      Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.

    For the following dissolution methods, please prepare the working solution directly. It is recommended to prepare fresh solutions and use them promptly within a short period of time.
    The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

    • Protocol 1

      Add each solvent one by one:  PBS

      Solubility: 100 mg/mL (684.46 mM); Clear solution; Need ultrasonic

    In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
    Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

    Dosage

    mg/kg

    Animal weight
    (per animal)

    g

    Dosing volume
    (per animal)

    μL

    Number of animals

    Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
    Calculation results:
    Working solution concentration: mg/mL
    This product has good water solubility, please refer to the measured solubility data in water/PBS/Saline for details.
    The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only.If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
    Purity & Documentation

    Purity: 99.68%

    SDS (476 KB)

    COA (243 KB) HNMR (266 KB) RP-HPLC (274 KB) MS (178 KB)

    Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
    References

    Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

    * Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
    Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

    Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
    H2O / DMSO 1 mM 6.8446 mL 34.2231 mL 68.4463 mL 171.1157 mL
    5 mM 1.3689 mL 6.8446 mL 13.6893 mL 34.2231 mL
    10 mM 0.6845 mL 3.4223 mL 6.8446 mL 17.1116 mL
    15 mM 0.4563 mL 2.2815 mL 4.5631 mL 11.4077 mL
    20 mM 0.3422 mL 1.7112 mL 3.4223 mL 8.5558 mL
    25 mM 0.2738 mL 1.3689 mL 2.7379 mL 6.8446 mL
    30 mM 0.2282 mL 1.1408 mL 2.2815 mL 5.7039 mL
    40 mM 0.1711 mL 0.8556 mL 1.7112 mL 4.2779 mL
    50 mM 0.1369 mL 0.6845 mL 1.3689 mL 3.4223 mL
    60 mM 0.1141 mL 0.5704 mL 1.1408 mL 2.8519 mL
    80 mM 0.0856 mL 0.4278 mL 0.8556 mL 2.1389 mL
    100 mM 0.0684 mL 0.3422 mL 0.6845 mL 1.7112 mL

    * Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

    • No file chosen (Maximum size is: 1024 Kb)
    • If you have published this work, please enter the PubMed ID.
    • Your name will appear on the site.

    2-Ketoglutaric acid Related Classifications

    Help & FAQs
    • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

      Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

    Keywords:

    2-Ketoglutaric acid328-50-7Alpha-Ketoglutaric acid 2-Oxoglutaric acidTyrosinaseEndogenous MetaboliteintermediateprecursorTCAcarbonskeletonInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

    Your Recently Viewed Products:

    Inquiry Online

    Your information is safe with us. * Required Fields.

    Product Name

    		  

    Requested Quantity *

    Applicant Name *

    		 

    Salutation

    Email Address *

    		 

    Phone Number *

    Department

    		 

    Organization Name *

    City

    State

    Country or Region *

    		      

    Remarks

    Bulk Inquiry

    Inquiry Information

    Product Name:
    2-Ketoglutaric acid
    Cat. No.:
    HY-W013636
    Quantity:
    MCE Japan Authorized Agent:

    Customer Review

    Thank You for Your Feedback!

    Request for HNMR Report

    Please fill out this form to request the QC report. We will send it to your Email address shortly.

    Your information is safe with us. * Required Fields.

    Product Name

    		  

    Lot #

    Applicant Name *

    		 

    Email Address *

    Phone Number

    		 

    Department *

    Organization Name *

    		 

    Country or Region *

    Remarks

    SAFETY DATA SHEET (SDS)

    English - EN (476 KB) Français - FR (476 KB) Deutsch - DE (476 KB) Norwegian - NO (476 KB) Español - ES (476 KB) Swedish - SV (476 KB) Italian - IT (476 KB) Korean - KR (476 KB) Portuguese - PT (476 KB)

    Request for HNMR Report

    We have received your request and will respond to you as soon as possible.