ERK Activator

Paeonolide, found in Paeonia suffruticosa, is an ERK1/2 activator. Paeonolide promotes early and late osteoblast differentiation, stimulates pre-osteoblast transmigration, and activates the BMP-Smad1/5/8, Wnt-β-catenin, JNK and p38 pathways. Paeonolide can be used for the research of osteoporosis, periodontitis.

CKLF1-C27, a C-terminal peptide of CKLF1, binds to CCR4 receptor and activates ERK1/2 pathway. CKLF1-C27 can abrogate the effect of CKLF1 on cells by competing for CCR4 receptor. CKLF1-C27 shows great effect on promoting proliferation on HUVECs. CKLF1-C27 has the potential for psoriasis research.

MT-125 is a specific and well-tolerated inhibitor of non-muscle myosin IIA (K_i,NMIIA = 2.7 μM) and IIB (EC₅₀ = 1.7 μM). MT-125 can pass through the blood-brain barrier. MT-125 induces ferroptosis and DNA damage by increasing the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) within tumor cells. MT-125 can enhance the PDGFR signaling pathway. MT-125 can be used for research on glioblastoma.

CN009543V is an epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) agonist. CN009543V enhances tyrosine phosphorylation of EGFR at Tyr1068 and Tyr1173, thereby activating the MAPK/ERK cascade. CN009543V inhibits the activity of PTP-1B in MDA MB468 cells. CN009543V can be used in cancer research.

Notoginsenoside R2 (20(S)-Notoginsenoside R2; Ginsenoside Ng-R2) is an orally active notoginsenoside. Notoginsenoside R2 activates P90RSK and Nrf2 via the MEK1/2-ERK1/2 pathway to inhibit 6-OHDA-induced apoptotic damage in nerve cells. Notoginsenoside R2 upregulates SOX8/β-catenin by reducing miR-27a, thereby suppressing Aβ_25-35-induced neuronal apoptosis and inflammatory responses. Notoginsenoside R2 alleviates lipid accumulation and mitochondrial dysfunction in diabetic nephropathy by inhibiting c-Src. Notoginsenoside R2 alleviates hepatic fibrosis by inducing hepatic stellate cell senescence and inhibiting the inflammatory microenvironment via JAK/STAT3 suppression. Notoginsenoside R2 can be used in research related to Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, diabetic nephropathy and hepatic fibrosis.

5-Methoxytryptophol is a 5-methoxyindole alcohol structurally homologous to Melatonin (HY-B0075). It is secreted by the mammalian pineal gland and exhibits an inverse circadian rhythm. 5-Methoxytryptophol regulates bone metabolism by activating the ERK1/2 pathway. It reduces the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-1β, as well as proteolytic enzymes MMP-1 and MMP-2, in serum and dental pulp tissues, thereby ameliorating acute pulpitis. 5-Methoxytryptophol induces rapid sleep in mice, while high doses cause respiratory depression and death. 5-Methoxytryptophol. 5-Methoxytryptophol can be used in studies related to acute pulpitis, hypnosis, and bone metabolism.

Avatrombopag (AKR-501) maleate is an orally active, non-peptide thrombopoietin receptor (TPO receptor) agonist (EC₅₀: 3.3 nM). Avatrombopag maleate mimics the biological activity of TPO. Avatrombopag maleate increases platelet production by activating intracellular signaling systems and promotes the production of platelets and megakaryocytes from hematopoietic precursor cells. Avatrombopag maleate is a substrate for cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2C9 and CYP3A .

Withanolide B is an active component of W. somnifera Dunal. Withanolide B promotes osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs via ERK1/2 and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways. Withanolide B exhibits neuroprotective, anti-arthritic, anti-aging and anti-cancer effects.

Aminoguanidine (Pimagedine) hemisulfate is an inhibitor of diamine oxidase (DAO) and nitric oxide synthase (NOS). Aminoguanidine hemisulfate can reduce the formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs). Aminoguanidine hemisulfate has a dose-dependent inhibitory effect on Doxorubicin (HY-15142)-induced cell apoptosis. Aminoguanidine hemisulfate has antioxidant properties. Aminoguanidine hemisulfate can be used in the research of diabetic nephropathy.

AL-8810 is a potent and selective antagonist of the PGF _2α receptor (FP receptor). AL-8810 is an activator of MAPK and ERK1/2. The K_i of the FP receptor of mouse 3T3 cells and rat A7r5 cells are 0.2±0.06 μM and 0.4±0.1 μM, respectively. AL-8810 can be used in the study of elevated intraocular pressure (OHT) and primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG).

HIOC is a potent and selective activator of TrkB (tropomyosin related kinase B) receptor. HIOC can pass the blood-brain and blood-retinal barriers.HIOC activates TrkB/ERK pathway and decreases neuronal cell apoptosis. HIOC attenuates early brain injury after SAH (subarachnoid hemorrhage). HIOC shows protective activity in an animal model for light-induced retinal degeneration.

Urea (Standard) is the analytical standard of Urea. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Urea is a powerful protein denaturant via both direct and indirect mechanisms. A potent emollient and keratolytic agent. Used as a diuretic agent. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) has been utilized to evaluate renal function. Widely used in fertilizers as a source of nitrogen and is an important raw material for the chemical industry.

Fenoprofen (LILLY-53858) is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAID) and inhibits cyclooxygenase (COX). Fenoprofen is a melanocortin receptors (MCRs) positive allosteric modulator (PAM). Fenoprofen also increases ERK1/2 activation in HEK293T cells. Fenoprofen has anti-arthritic activities and can be used for the study of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis.

Xaliproden (SR57746) hydrochloride (SR57746A) is an orally active, highly selective 5-HT1A receptor agonist. Xaliproden hydrochloride activates pertussis toxin-sensitive G protein-coupled signaling cascades, as well as the PKC, ERK1/ERK2, Akt and p21 Ras/MEK-1 pathways. Xaliproden hydrochloride also downregulates the JNK/p66/c-Jun signaling pathway, induces phosphorylation of the shc adaptor protein, regulates extracellular dopamine and 5-HT levels, and induces [³⁵S]GTPγS labeling in rat brain structures rich in 5-HT1A receptors. Xaliproden hydrochloride exerts neurotrophic, neuroprotective, renoprotective, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, anti-fibrotic and analgesic effects. Xaliproden hydrochloride also enhances NGF-induced neurite outgrowth, promotes motor neuron survival, attenuates renal tubular injury and inhibits chemotherapy-induced mechanical allodynia, without activating or altering NGF-induced TrkA receptor activation. Xaliproden hydrochloride can be used in the research of motor neuron disease, diabetic nephropathy, chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, acute tonic nociceptive pain, inflammatory pain, depression and anxiety.

MT-125 free base is a specific and well-tolerated inhibitor of non-muscle myosin IIA (K_i,NMIIA = 2.7 μM) and IIB (EC₅₀ = 1.7 μM). MT-125 free base can pass through the blood-brain barrier. MT-125 free base induces ferroptosis and DNA damage by increasing the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) within tumor cells. MT-125 free base can enhance the PDGFR signaling pathway. MT-125 free base can be used for research on glioblastoma.

β-Neo-Endorphin is an endogenous opioid peptide. β-Neo-Endorphin is a hypothalamic “big” Leu-enkephalin of porcine origin. β-Neo-Endorphin shows activation of the Erk1/2, MMP-2 and MMP-9.

Zoniporide hydrochloride hydrate (CP-597396 hydrochloride hydrate) is a selective Na⁺/H⁺ exchanger subtype 1 (NHE1) inhibitor with cardioprotective activity, with IC₅₀ values of 67 nM and 73 nM against rat NHE1. Zoniporide hydrochloride hydrate reduces intracellular Na⁺ and Ca²⁺ overload, preserves mitochondrial integrity, activates pro-survival ERK1/2 and STAT3 signaling pathways, reduces necrosis and apoptosis, and decreases neutrophil aggregation. Zoniporide hydrochloride hydrate is applicable to research related to myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury and heart graft ischemia-reperfusion injury.

6-Hydroxyflavone is an orally effective flavonoid compound. 6-Hydroxyflavone can inhibit LPS (HY-D1056) -induced NO production and has anti-inflammatory effects. 6-Hydroxyflavone promotes osteoblast differentiation by activating AKT, ERK 1/2 and JNK signaling pathways. 6-Hydroxyflavone has an inhibitory effect on bovine hemoglobin (BHb) glycosylation. 6-Hydroxyflavone has a kidney protective effect. In addition, 6-Hydroxyflavone enhances GABA-induced current through the Benzodiazepine sites of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA_A) receptors. 6-Hydroxyflavone shows a clear preference for α2 - and α3 - subtypes, which play an anti-anxiety role.

Brophenexin (compound 8) is a potent NMDAR/TRPM4 interaction interface inhibitor. Brophenexin shows neuroprotective activity. Brophenexin prevents NMDA-induced cell death and mitochondrial dysfunction in hippocampal neurons, with an IC₅₀ of 2.1 μM. Brophenexin protects mice from MCAO-induced brain damage and NMDA-induced retinal ganglion cell loss.

Ganglioside GQ1b (​Tetrasialoganglioside GQ1b) (bovine) sodium is a central and peripheral nervous system ganglioside and an immunostimulator. Ganglioside GQ1b (bovine) sodium modulates NMDA receptor signaling via ERK1/2, PKA, CREB, NR2A, NR2B, and GSK3β, and increases BDNF expression. Ganglioside GQ1b (bovine) sodium reduces Aβ pathology, tau phosphorylation, and APP levels. Ganglioside GQ1b (bovine) sodium can be used for the research of Alzheimer’s disease.