HIV
HIV-1 is an RNA retrovirus that infects immune cells through the envelope glycoprotein Env, whose mature gp120/gp41 trimer mediates viral entry into host cells[1]. Mechanistically, gp120 binds CD4 and then the chemokine coreceptors CCR5 or CXCR4, while gp41 refolding brings viral and cellular membranes together for fusion[2][3]. After entry, viral replication depends on reverse transcriptase, protease, and integrase, making these enzymes core targets for antiretroviral research[4][5]. In disease relevance, untreated HIV replication causes progressive CD4+ T-cell loss and immunological abnormalities, increasing infectious and oncological complications[6]. Compared with related forms, HIV-1 remains the main focus because it is described as the most virulent and pathogenic subtype in diagnostic and treatment literature[7]. For experimental applications, entry inhibitors target gp120, gp41, CCR5, or CXCR4, while enzyme inhibitors target reverse transcriptase, protease, or integrase to suppress distinct stages of the HIV life cycle[4][8].
References:
- [1]. Anang S, et al. Characterization of full-length and cytoplasmic tail-truncated envelope glycoproteins incorporated into human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) virions and virus-like particles. J Virol. 2025 Dec 23;99(12):e0158525. [Content Brief]
- [2]. Teixeira C, et al. Viral surface glycoproteins, gp120 and gp41, as potential drug targets against HIV-1: brief overview one quarter of a century past the approval of zidovudine, the first anti-retroviral drug. Eur J Med Chem. 2011 Apr;46(4):979-92. [Content Brief]
- [3]. Princen K, et al. HIV chemokine receptor inhibitors as novel anti-HIV drugs. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 2005 Dec;16(6):659-77. [Content Brief]
- [4]. De Clercq E. Emerging anti-HIV drugs. Expert Opin Emerg Drugs. 2005 May;10(2):241-73. doi: 10.1517/14728214.10.2.241. PMID: 15934866. et al. Emerging anti-HIV drugs. Expert Opin Emerg Drugs. 2005 May;10(2):241-73. [Content Brief]
- [5]. Palmisano L. Role of integrase inhibitors in the treatment of HIV disease. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther. 2007 Feb;5(1):67-75. doi: 10.1586/14787210.5.1.67. PMID: 17266455. et al. Role of integrase inhibitors in the treatment of HIV disease. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther. 2007 Feb;5(1):67-75. [Content Brief]
- [6]. Deeks SG, et al. HIV infection. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2015 Oct 1;1:15035. [Content Brief]
- [7]. Zulfiqar HF, et al. HIV Diagnosis and Treatment through Advanced Technologies. Front Public Health. 2017 Mar 7;5:32. [Content Brief]
- [8]. Greenberg M, et al. HIV fusion and its inhibition in antiretroviral therapy. Rev Med Virol. 2004 Sep-Oct;14(5):321-37. [Content Brief]
All Product Categories
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HIV Related Products (903)
Related Products (903)
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2-Bromoaldisine
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-W065835CAS No.: 96562-96-8
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GPI2A
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-177636CAS No.: 2857819-69-1GPI2A is a 20-mer antisense oligonucleotide sequence that is complementary to a region of the HIV-1 gag gene. GPI2A shows a significant inhibitory effect on p55 and its cleavage product p39/41.
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GSK3532795 oxalate
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-112714ACAS No.: 2097784-79-5Synonyms: BMS-955176 oxalate
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Capravirine
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-14294CAS No.: 178979-85-6Synonyms: S-1153Capravirine (S-1153) is an orally active non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) with potent antiviral activity. Capravirine inhibits replication of HIV-1 strains that are resistant to nucleoside/nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors and other NNRTIs. Capravirine is metabolized by the cytochrome P450 enzyme CYP3A4.
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HIV RT-IN-1
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-185448CAS No.: 1246741-36-5HIV RT-IN-1 is an inhibitor of HIV integrase and HIV reverse transcriptase-associated ribonuclease H. HIV RT-IN-1 is applicable to research related to HIV-1 infection.
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SJ-3366
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-118423CAS No.: 195720-26-4Synonyms: IQP-0410SJ-3366 (IQP-0410) is a potent inhibitor of HIV nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase. SJ-3366 (IQP-0410) inhibits HIV at sub-nanomolar concentrations primarily through a typical non-nucleoside mechanism.
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AMD 3329 octahydrobromide
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-164682CAS No.: 170861-77-5AMD 3329 octahydrobromide is a potent and selective anti-HIV-1 and HIV-2 compound with activity to inhibit viral replication. AMD 3329 blocks viral invasion by binding to the chemokine receptor CXCR4. AMD 3329 exhibits EC50 values as low as 0.8 and 1.6 nM when inhibiting HIV-1 and HIV-2 replication, showing better antiviral efficacy than AMD3100. AMD 3329 significantly inhibits the binding of specific CXCR4 monoclonal antibodies and the Ca(2+) flux induced by SDF-1alpha. AMD 3329 is also able to effectively interfere with virus-induced syncytium formation, with an EC50 value of 12 nM.
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MK-4965
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-14361CAS No.: 920035-77-4MK-4965 is a nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI). MK-4965 displays excellent activities against not only HIV-1 wild-type (WT) virus but also against a broad panel of NNRTI-resistant viruses and can be used for the research of HIV-1 infection.
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HIV-IN-13 prodrug
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-180543CAS No.: 3049284-12-7HIV-IN-13 prodrug (Compound 8) is a prodrug of an HIV inhibitor. Without the addition of glutathione (GSH), the HIV-IN-13 prodrug has no antiviral activity, but when 1 mM and 2 mM GSH are added, the EC50 values for HIV-1 are 10 μM and 8.2 μM respectively. HIV-IN-13 prodrug can be used in HIV infection research.
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Oxindole (Standard)
0 ImagesOxindole (Standard) is the analytical standard of Oxindole. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Oxindole (Indolin-2-one) is an aromatic heterocyclic building block. 2-indolinone derivatives have become lead compounds in the research of kinase inhibitors.
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Amprenavir (Standard)
0 ImagesSynonyms: VX-478 (Standard)
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Fluorescent HIV Substrate
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-P3951CAS No.: 1426174-10-8
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Miltefosine-d4
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-13685S1Synonyms: HePC-d4; Hexadecyl phosphocholine-d4Miltefosine-d4 (HePC-d4) is deuterium labeled Miltefosine. Miltefosine is a broad spectrum antimicrobial, anti-leishmanial, phospholipid agent acting by inhibiting the PI3K/Akt activity. Miltefosine is an inhibitor of CTP-phosphocholine cytidyltransferase (CCT).
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PTP1B-IN-25
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-163463PTP1B-IN-25 (Compound 19) is a PTP1B inhibitor with remarkable antiviral, antibacterial, and antidiabetic activities. PTP1B-IN-25 has IC50 values of 0.37 μM, 8.6 μM, 3.7 μM, and 29 μM against PTP1B, HIV, α-Glucosidase, and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) respectively.
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PNU‐142721
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-15380CAS No.: 185220-03-5PNU-142721 is a reverse transcriptase inhibitor and PXR agonist that effectively inhibits various type I HIV variants.
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L-Cycloserine (Standard)
0 ImagesSynonyms: (S)-Cycloserine (Standard); (S)-4-Amino-3-isoxazolidone (Standard)L-Cycloserine (Standard) is the analytical standard of L-Cycloserine. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. L-Cycloserine ((S)-4-Amino-3-isoxazolidone) is an oral inhibitor of the enzyme gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) transaminase (GABA-t) and branched-chain transaminases in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. L-Cycloserine has anticonvulsant properties and inhibits the synthesis of neurotensin in mouse brains[1][2][3][4].
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Lepetegravir
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-177098CAS No.: 2808219-64-7Lepetegravir (Example 24) is a HIV integrase inhibitor. Lepetegravir has antiviral effects (EC50: 0.98 nM in MT-4 cells).
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HA2 peptide
0 ImagesHA2 peptide is a potent pH-responsive fusion peptide derived from hemagglutinin (HA), corresponding to the N-terminal fusion peptide domain consisting of 23 amino acid residues of HIV-1 gp41 envelope glycoprotein. HA2 peptide adopts a random coil structure under physiological pH conditions; in acidic endosomes, protonation of carboxyl groups reduces negative charge, inducing a transition to an α-helical conformation that can fuse with and destabilize the endosomal membrane. After binding to membranes, the N-terminal and middle regions of HA2 peptide mainly adopt a β-strand conformation, while the C-terminal region remains unstructured. HA2 peptide induces lipid mixing and promotes aqueous content leakage from large unilamellar vesicles whose lipid composition matches that of HIV-1 viruses and target T cells. HA2 peptide is anionic and can bind to cationic peptides to achieve siRNA condensation. HA2 peptide can be used in studies related to cancer and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection.
