HIV
HIV-1 is an RNA retrovirus that infects immune cells through the envelope glycoprotein Env, whose mature gp120/gp41 trimer mediates viral entry into host cells[1]. Mechanistically, gp120 binds CD4 and then the chemokine coreceptors CCR5 or CXCR4, while gp41 refolding brings viral and cellular membranes together for fusion[2][3]. After entry, viral replication depends on reverse transcriptase, protease, and integrase, making these enzymes core targets for antiretroviral research[4][5]. In disease relevance, untreated HIV replication causes progressive CD4+ T-cell loss and immunological abnormalities, increasing infectious and oncological complications[6]. Compared with related forms, HIV-1 remains the main focus because it is described as the most virulent and pathogenic subtype in diagnostic and treatment literature[7]. For experimental applications, entry inhibitors target gp120, gp41, CCR5, or CXCR4, while enzyme inhibitors target reverse transcriptase, protease, or integrase to suppress distinct stages of the HIV life cycle[4][8].
References:
- [1]. Anang S, et al. Characterization of full-length and cytoplasmic tail-truncated envelope glycoproteins incorporated into human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) virions and virus-like particles. J Virol. 2025 Dec 23;99(12):e0158525. [Content Brief]
- [2]. Teixeira C, et al. Viral surface glycoproteins, gp120 and gp41, as potential drug targets against HIV-1: brief overview one quarter of a century past the approval of zidovudine, the first anti-retroviral drug. Eur J Med Chem. 2011 Apr;46(4):979-92. [Content Brief]
- [3]. Princen K, et al. HIV chemokine receptor inhibitors as novel anti-HIV drugs. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 2005 Dec;16(6):659-77. [Content Brief]
- [4]. De Clercq E. Emerging anti-HIV drugs. Expert Opin Emerg Drugs. 2005 May;10(2):241-73. doi: 10.1517/14728214.10.2.241. PMID: 15934866. et al. Emerging anti-HIV drugs. Expert Opin Emerg Drugs. 2005 May;10(2):241-73. [Content Brief]
- [5]. Palmisano L. Role of integrase inhibitors in the treatment of HIV disease. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther. 2007 Feb;5(1):67-75. doi: 10.1586/14787210.5.1.67. PMID: 17266455. et al. Role of integrase inhibitors in the treatment of HIV disease. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther. 2007 Feb;5(1):67-75. [Content Brief]
- [6]. Deeks SG, et al. HIV infection. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2015 Oct 1;1:15035. [Content Brief]
- [7]. Zulfiqar HF, et al. HIV Diagnosis and Treatment through Advanced Technologies. Front Public Health. 2017 Mar 7;5:32. [Content Brief]
- [8]. Greenberg M, et al. HIV fusion and its inhibition in antiretroviral therapy. Rev Med Virol. 2004 Sep-Oct;14(5):321-37. [Content Brief]
All Product Categories
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HIV Related Products (903)
Related Products (903)
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Glabranine
0 ImagesGlabranine, an flavonoid, is isolated from Tephrosia s.p, exerts a inhibitory effect in vitro on the dengue virus. Glabranine forms interaction with the soluble ectodomain of DENV type 2 (DENV2) E protein.
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Trigonelline (Standard)
0 ImagesTrigonelline (Standard) is the analytical standard of Trigonelline. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Trigonelline is an alkaloid with potential antidiabetic activity that can be isolated from Trigonella foenum-graecum L or Leonurus artemisia. Trigonelline is a potent Nrf2 inhibitor that blocks Nrf2-dependent proteasome activity, thereby enhancing apoptosis in pancreatic cancer cells. Trigonelline also has anti-HSV-1, antibacterial, and antifungal activity and induces ferroptosis.
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5-Fluorouracil-15N2
0 Images5-Fluorouracil-15N2 is the 15N-labeled 5-Fluorouracil. 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is an analogue of uracil and a potent antitumor agent. 5-Fluorouracil affects pyrimidine synthesis by inhibiting thymidylate synthetase thus depleting intracellular dTTP pools. 5-Fluorouracil induces apoptosis and can be used as a chemical sensitizer. 5-Fluorouracil also inhibits HIV.
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Lenacapavir sodium
0 ImagesSynonyms: GS-6207 sodiumLenacapavir (GS-6207) sodium is an HIV-1 capsid inhibitor. Lenacapavir sodium binds to the interface between capsid hexamers and CA monomers, disrupts capsid assembly and viral maturation, inhibits nuclear translocation of HIV-1 DNA, interferes with CA-mediated protein-protein interactions, reduces the formation of 2-LTR circles and pre-integration proviruses, induces aberrant capsids, and decreases the production of mature HIV-1. Lenacapavir sodium exhibits activity against a variety of HIV-1 subtypes and clinical isolates. Lenacapavir sodium is applicable to research related to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection.
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Nevirapine (Standard)
0 ImagesSynonyms: BI-RG 587 (Standard); NSC 641530 (Standard); NVP (Standard)Nevirapine (Standard) is the analytical standard of Nevirapine. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Nevirapine is a non-nucleoside inhibitor of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase used to treat and prevent HIV/AIDS; with a Ki of 270 μM.
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RIG-1 modulator 1
0 ImagesRIG-1 modulator 1 (Compound of claim 13) is an anti-viral compound which can be used against viral infections including influenza virus, HBV, HCV and HIV.
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Inosine pranobex
0 ImagesSynonyms: Imunovir; Delimmun; GroprinosinInosine pranobex is an orally active immunomodulator. Inosine pranobex has broad-spectrum antiviral activity. Inosine pranobex inhibits human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), herpes simplex virus (HSV), vaccinia virus (VACV), human tumor virus (HPV), Cytomegalovirus, influenza virus (INFV), parainfluenza virus (PIV), and Epstein-Barr virus
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Dimethyl fumarate (Standard)
0 ImagesDimethyl fumarate (Standard) is the analytical standard of Dimethyl fumarate. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) is an orally active and brain-penetrant Nrf2 activator and induces upregulation of antioxidant gene expression. Dimethyl fumarate induces necroptosis in colon cancer cells through GSH depletion/ROS increase/MAPKs activation pathway, and also induces cell autophagy. Dimethyl fumarate can be used for multiple sclerosis research.
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Valproic acid-d4
0 ImagesSynonyms: VPA-d4; 2-Propylpentanoic acid-d4Valproic acid-d4 is the deuterium labeled Valproic acid. Valproic acid (VPA; 2-Propylpentanoic Acid) is an HDAC inhibitor, with IC50 in the range of 0.5 and 2 mM, also inhibits HDAC1 (IC50, 400 μM), and induces proteasomal degradation of HDAC2. Valproic acid activates Notch1 signaling and inhibits proliferation in small cell lung cancer (SCLC) cells. Valproic acid sodium salt is used in the treatment of epilepsy, bipolar disorder and prevention of migraine headaches.
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Ilimaquinone
0 ImagesIlimaquinone, a marine sponge metabolite, displays anticancer activity via GADD153-mediated pathway. Ilimaquinone can induce vesiculation of the Golgi apparatus. Ilimaquinone exerts anti-HIV, anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory, and effects.
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Pseudohypericin
0 ImagesPseudohypericin and its congener Hypericin are the major hydroxylated phenanthroperylenediones present in Hypericum species. Pseudohypericin shows anti-HIV activity.
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GSK2838232
0 ImagesGSK2838232 inhibit HIV reverse transcriptase activity across a broad panel of HIV-1 isolates, extracted from patent WO/2013090664A1, compound51.
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(5R)-5-Hydroxytriptolide
0 ImagesSynonyms: PG 701; LLDT-8; 5α-Hydroxytriptolide(5R)-5-Hydroxytriptolide is an extracted compound from Tripterygium, and shows lower cell cytotoxicity and higher immunosuppressive activity. (5R)-5-Hydroxytriptolide can be used for study of rheumatoid arthritis.
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TAT-NSF700scr
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-P4114TAT-NSF700scr consists the intact TAT domain and glycine linker, followed by the NSF amino acids in a random order. TAT-NSF700scr is used as a control peptide that does not inhibit SNAREmediated exocytosis.
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Tenofovir Disoproxil fumarate (Standard)
0 ImagesSynonyms: Tenofovir DF (Standard); Bis(POC)-PMPA fumarate (Standard); GS 4331 fumarate (Standard)Tenofovir Disoproxil (fumarate) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Tenofovir Disoproxil (fumarate). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Tenofovir Disoproxil fumarate is a nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor used to treat HIV and chronic Hepatitis B.
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TAT acetate
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-P0281BPurity: 98.66%Synonyms: TAT(47-57) acetate; HIV-1 TAT protein (47-57) acetateTAT (TAT(47-57)) acetate is derived from the transactivator of transcription (TAT) of human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) and is a cell-penetrating peptide. TAT acetate can increase the yields and the solubility of heterologous proteins.
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1E7-03
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-124644CAS No.: 1565845-92-21E7-03, a low MW tetrahydroquinoline derivative targeting protein phosphatase-1, can inhibit HIV-1 transcription.
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Dox-btn2
0 ImagesSynonyms: Biotin Labeled DoxorubicinDox-btn2 is a biotin labeled Doxorubicin (HY-15142A), with a biotin label at the point of conjugation to doxorubicin at 3'-NH2. Dox-btn2 can be used for cell imaging. While Doxorubicin is mainly accumulated in the nucleus, while Dox-btn2 is mainly located in the cytoplasm.
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Psoralen (Standard)
0 ImagesPsoralen (Standard) is the analytical standard of Psoralen. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Psoralen (Ficusin) is a coumarin isolated from the seeds of Fructus Psoraleae. Psoralen exhibits a wide range of biological properties, including anti-cancer, antioxidant, antidepressant, anticancer, antibacterial, and antiviral, et al.
