Clofibrate
Based on 4 publication(s) in Google Scholar
Clofibrate is an agonist of PPAR, with EC50s of 50 μM, ～500 μM for murine PPARα and PPARγ, and 55 μM, ～500 μM for human PPARα and PPARγ, respectively.
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- Reinheit: 99.53%
- CAS. Nr.: 637-07-0
- Formel: C12H15ClO3
- Molecular Weight:242.70
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Speicherung:Pure form -20°C, 3 years , 4°C, 2 years ; In solvent -80°C, 6 months , -20°C, 1 month
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Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) Clofibrate
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Biologische Aktivität
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PPARα 50 μM (EC50) |
PPARγ 500 μM (EC50) |
Clofibrate is a PPAR agonist, with E50s of 50 μM, ～500 μM for murine PPARα and PPARγ, and 55 μM, ～500 μM for human PPARα and PPARγ, respectively[1]. Clofibrate (0.5, 1, 2 mM) increases FABP1 expression in two fatty acid (FA)-treated rat hepatoma cells. Clofibrate lowers ROS levels after early treatment, much more than late treatment in FA-treated cells[2].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Chemical Information
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CAS. Nr. 637-07-0
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Appearance Liquid (Density: 1.14 g/cm3 )
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Molecular Weight 242.70
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Formel C12H15ClO3
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Color Colorless to light yellow
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SMILES
CC(C)(OC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1)C(OCC)=O
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Versand
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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Speicherung
Pure form -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month
Publications (4)
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Journal Impact Factor
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Most Recent
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Biochem Pharmacol
Tazemetostat synergistically combats multidrug resistance by the unique triple inhibition of ABCB1, ABCC1, and ABCG2 efflux transporters in vitro and ex vivo. [Abstract]2023 Oct:216:115769. PMID: 37634597 -
Cell Rep Methods
RECOVER identifies synergistic drug combinations in vitro through sequential model optimization. [Abstract]2023 Oct 23;3(10):100599. PMID: 37797618 -
Eur J Pharmacol
2026 Apr 15:1021:178825. PMID: 41905444 -
Neuroscience
Beyond lipid management: Clofibrate's anti-neuroinflammation role via NF-κB inhibition in ischemic stroke. [Abstract]2025 Jun 21:577:144-153. PMID: 40339898
Lösungsmittel & Löslichkeit
DMSO : ≥ 100 mg/mL (412.03 mM; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)
H2O : < 0.1 mg/mL (insoluble)
* "≥" means soluble, but saturation unknown.
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
Konzentration (Stammlösung) × Volumen (Stammlösung) = Konzentration (Ziellösung) × Volumen (Ziellösung)
Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.
- For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
- To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
- The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline
Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (10.30 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.
Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)
Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (10.30 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.
Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:
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Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Please enter your animal formula composition:
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%DMSO +
Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
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%+
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+%Tween-80 + +
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%Saline +
The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL
Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL DMSO. Stock solution concentration: mg/mL.
1. Take μL DMSO stock solution;
2. Add μL .
μL , mix evenly;
3. Then add μL Tween 80, mix evenly;
4. Then add μL
Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
Protokoll
Cells are seeded at a density of 2.5 × 104 cells/well (for WST-1, intracellular lipid droplet quantification and dichlorofluorescein (DCF) assay, 96-well plates) and 1 × 105 cells/well (for Nile Red Staining, 12-well plates) in MEM/EBSS medium and incubated overnight for adherence. The next day cell culture medium is replaced with freshly prepared medium containing the fatty acid mixture oleate:palmitate (2:1) in presence of 3% fatty-acid-free bovine serum albumin. Cells are treated with 0, 0.5, 1, 2, and 3 mM fatty acid (FA) mixture for 24 and 48 hr at 37°C in a humidified incubator in an atmosphere of 95% air and 5% CO2. Clofibrate is used to increase levels of FABP1 in treated cell cultures. Clofibrate (500 μM) is dissolved in DMSOand later added to the medium (DMSO < 0.1% v/v in final volume). Control cells are incubated with DMSO alone. Four different cell treatments includ 1-day FA treatment, 2-day FA treatment, early clofibrate intervention and late clofibrate intervention[1].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Female and male C57BL/6JNarl mice are used for breeding. Females with parity from 1 to 5 are used. Pregnant females are fed either a control (C) or experimental (CF) diet from breeding to parturition. The C diet is based on an AIN-93M diet with a slight modification to contain 21 kcal% fat from soybean oil, whereas the CF diet is the C diet with addition of 0.5% clofibrate. Pregnancy is dated by the presence of a vaginal plug (defined as pregnancy day 1). After spontaneous parturition (pregnancy day 19.5 ± 0.5), all littermates are uniformly nursed by dams fed the C diet for 3 wk, with litter sizes adjusted to 8-10, weaned onto a nonpurified standard diet for 4 wk, and then switched to a HFD (51 kcal% fat, butter-based) for 5 wk. In this study, only male offspring are used and 2 groups of offspring are designated, according to their mother's diet (C or CF). All mice are kept in a room maintained at 23 ± 2°C, with a controlled 12-h-light:-dark cycle with ad libitum to feed and drinking water. Body weight and feed intake are recorded weekly[3].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Reinheit & Dokumentation
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Data Sheet (279 KB)
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SDS (555 KB)
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Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
Verweise
[1]. Willson TM, et al. The PPARs: from orphan receptors to drug discovery. J Med Chem. 2000 Feb 24;43(4):527-50. [Content Brief]
[2]. Chen Y, et al. Clofibrate Attenuates ROS Production by Lipid Overload in Cultured Rat Hepatoma Cells. J Pharm Pharm Sci. 2017;20(0):239-251. [Content Brief]
[3]. Chen SH, et al. Prenatal PPARα activation by clofibrate increases subcutaneous fat browning in male C57BL/6J mice fed a high-fat diet during adulthood. PLoS One. 2017 Nov 2;12(11):e0187507. [Content Brief]
Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
| Optional Solvent | Concentration Solvent Mass | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | 25 mg |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DMSO | 1 mM | 4.1203 mL | 20.6016 mL | 41.2031 mL | 103.0078 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.8241 mL | 4.1203 mL | 8.2406 mL | 20.6016 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.4120 mL | 2.0602 mL | 4.1203 mL | 10.3008 mL | |
| 15 mM | 0.2747 mL | 1.3734 mL | 2.7469 mL | 6.8672 mL | |
| 20 mM | 0.2060 mL | 1.0301 mL | 2.0602 mL | 5.1504 mL | |
| 25 mM | 0.1648 mL | 0.8241 mL | 1.6481 mL | 4.1203 mL | |
| 30 mM | 0.1373 mL | 0.6867 mL | 1.3734 mL | 3.4336 mL | |
| 40 mM | 0.1030 mL | 0.5150 mL | 1.0301 mL | 2.5752 mL | |
| 50 mM | 0.0824 mL | 0.4120 mL | 0.8241 mL | 2.0602 mL | |
| 60 mM | 0.0687 mL | 0.3434 mL | 0.6867 mL | 1.7168 mL | |
| 80 mM | 0.0515 mL | 0.2575 mL | 0.5150 mL | 1.2876 mL | |
| 100 mM | 0.0412 mL | 0.2060 mL | 0.4120 mL | 1.0301 mL |
Clofibrate Related Classifications
HY-B0287 Related Classifications
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