KN-93
Based on 104 publication(s) in Google Scholar
KN-93 is a cell-permeable, reversible and competitive inhibitor calmodulin-dependent kinase type II (CaMKII) with a Ki of 370 nM.
Nur für Forschungszwecke. Wir verkaufen nicht an Patienten.
- Reinheit: 99.54%
- CAS. Nr.: 139298-40-1
- Formel: C26H29ClN2O4S
- Molecular Weight:501.04
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Speicherung:Powder -20°C, 3 years , 4°C, 2 years ; In solvent -80°C, 2 years , -20°C, 1 year
To place orders, for customer services and technical support, please contact: MedChemExpress USA
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Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) KN-93
More- Signal Transduct Target Ther. 2025 Oct 28;10(1):357. [Abstract]
- Cell. 2024 Jun 20;187(13):3409-3426.e24. [Abstract]
- Cell. 2022 Jun 23;185(13):2354-2369.e17. [Abstract]
- Nat Metab. 2020 Sep;2(9):918-933. [Abstract]
- Adv Funct Mater. 2024 Sep 02.
- Nat Commun. 2025 Feb 7;16(1):1429. [Abstract]
- Nat Commun. 2022 Jul 22;13(1):4255. [Abstract]
- J Adv Res. 2026 Apr 1:S2090-1232(26)00273-0. [Abstract]
- Redox Biol. 2021 Oct:46:102115 [Abstract]
- Adv Sci (Weinh). 2026 Feb;13(10):e14545. [Abstract]
- Adv Sci (Weinh). 2024 Dec;11(47):e2405705. [Abstract]
- Sci Adv. 2026 Feb 27;12(9):eaea3355. [Abstract]
- Sci Adv. 2025 Jul 11;11(28):eadv5986. [Abstract]
- Biomaterials. 2026 May 15:334:124316. [Abstract]
- J Control Release. 2025 Jul 10:383:113728. [Abstract]
- Cell Death Dis. 2021 May 18;12(6):504. [Abstract]
- Phytomedicine. 2026 Jun:155:158102. [Abstract]
- Phytomedicine. 2026 Jan 21:153:157866. [Abstract]
- Phytomedicine. 2024 Nov:134:155958. [Abstract]
- Arch Toxicol. 2019 Jun;93(6):1697-1712. [Abstract]
- Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2025 Jan;46(1):66-80. [Abstract]
- Cell Death Discov. 2024 Mar 26;10(1):153. [Abstract]
- Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2020 Feb;41(2):218-228. [Abstract]
- Br J Anaesth. 2026 Jan 27:S0007-0912(25)00893-1. [Abstract]
- Diabetes. 2018 Sep;67(9):1748-1760. [Abstract]
- Chin Med J (Engl). 2025 Aug 5;138(15):1853-1865. [Abstract]
- Int J Biol Macromol. 2026 Mar:349:150933. [Abstract]
- Mater Des. 2026 May 17;266:116246.
- Environ Res. 2024 Aug 15:255:119210. [Abstract]
- Phytother Res. 2026 Jun 18. [Abstract]
- Free Radic Biol Med. 2025 Apr 25:S0891-5849(25)00250-3. [Abstract]
- EMBO Mol Med. 2023 Jan 11;15(1):e16373. [Abstract]
- Curr Biol. 2026 May 4;36(9):2367-2381.e9. [Abstract]
- Aging Cell. 2025 Apr;24(4):e14440. [Abstract]
- Brain Behav Immun. 2026 Jul:135:106529. [Abstract]
- J Pineal Res. 2024 Aug;76(5):e12987. [Abstract]
- Cell Syst. 2018 Apr 25;6(4):424-443.e7. [Abstract]
- Neurosci Bull. 2025 Jul 2. [Abstract]
- J Ethnopharmacol. 2025 Apr 9:345:119619. [Abstract]
- J Ethnopharmacol. 2024 Jan 10;318(Pt B):117016. [Abstract]
- J Agric Food Chem. 2019 Dec 26;67(51):14074-14085. [Abstract]
- CNS Neurosci Ther. 2025 Nov;31(11):e70672. [Abstract]
- Cell Mol Life Sci. 2026 May 22. [Abstract]
- Biochem Pharmacol. 2025 Aug 8;242(Pt 3):117223. [Abstract]
- Cell Mol Life Sci. 2022 Dec 1;79(12):613. [Abstract]
- Biochem Pharmacol. 2021 Oct:192:114722. [Abstract]
- Life Sci. 2020 Apr 1:246:117419. [Abstract]
- Commun Biol. 2022 Jul 28;5(1):750. [Abstract]
- Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2025 Dec 31.
- Eur J Pharmacol. 2025 Mar 5:990:177270. [Abstract]
- Eur J Pharmacol. 2024 May 5:970:176483. [Abstract]
- J Endocrinol. 2018 Mar;236(3):151-165. [Abstract]
- Int Immunopharmacol. 2025 Oct 30:164:115330. [Abstract]
- Front Pharmacol. 2022 Dec 15:13:996667. [Abstract]
- Front Pharmacol. 2018 Apr 12:9:362. [Abstract]
- Toxicology. 2023 May 15:490:153514. [Abstract]
- World J Diabetes. 2022 Apr 15;13(4):338-357. [Abstract]
- Sci Rep. 2023 Dec 7;13(1):21712. [Abstract]
- Diabetol Metab Syndr. 2023 Oct 28;15(1):217. [Abstract]
- J Mol Cell Cardiol. 2022 Mar:164:110-125. [Abstract]
- Cell Calcium. 2021 Dec:100:102483. [Abstract]
- Cell Signal. 2023 Mar:103:110569. [Abstract]
- J Cell Mol Med. 2020 Aug;24(16):9287-9299. [Abstract]
- Oncol Rep. 2019 Jun;41(6):3413-3423. [Abstract]
- Brain Res Bull. 2020 May:158:66-76. [Abstract]
- J Neurosci. 2022 Aug 3;42(31):6090-6107. [Abstract]
- FASEB J. 2019 Dec;33(12):13644-13659. [Abstract]
- Korean J Pain. 2026 Jan 1;39(1):86-95. [Abstract]
- Transl Stroke Res. 2024 Apr;15(2):476-494. [Abstract]
- Proteomics. 2026 May;26(5):69-85. [Abstract]
- Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 2025 Nov 17. [Abstract]
- Cell Cycle. 2019 Nov;18(21):2986-2997. [Abstract]
- Insect Sci. 2026 May 24. [Abstract]
- Neuromodulation. 2025 Aug;28(6):962-975. [Abstract]
- J Biochem Mol Toxicol. 2025 Oct;39(10):e70500. [Abstract]
- Cancer Med. 2024 Nov;13(21):e70286. [Abstract]
- Exp Cell Res. 2018 Mar 15;364(2):198-207. [Abstract]
- Neuroscience. 2025 Jul 23:579:129-143. [Abstract]
- Neuroscience. 2022 May 10:490:89-99. [Abstract]
- Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 2024 Sep 11:20:1693-1710. [Abstract]
- Brain Res. 2024 Jan 1:1822:148665. [Abstract]
- FEBS Lett. 2022 Dec;596(24):3159-3175. [Abstract]
- Front Genet. 2022 Aug 4;13:959360. [Abstract]
- J Cell Biochem. 2019 Aug;120(8):13095-13106. [Abstract]
- Mol Cell Biol. 2024;44(4):149-163. [Abstract]
- J Cardiovasc Transl Res. 2024 Jun;17(3):540-553. [Abstract]
- J Mol Histol. 2021 Jun;52(3):555-566. [Abstract]
- Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2022 Jun 25;610:170-175. [Abstract]
- Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2022 Apr 20;615:136-142. [Abstract]
- Int J Dent. 2025 Aug 15:2025:5566776. [Abstract]
- Neurosci Lett. 2021 Apr 1:749:135699. [Abstract]
- Cell Biomater. 2026 Mar 6.
- UCSF. 2025.
- SSRN. 2025 Jul 2.
- University of Verona. 2025.
- University of Verona. 2025.
- SSRN. 2024 Apr 4.
- Front Med. 2023 Apr;17(2):263-274. [Abstract]
- Research Square Preprint. 2021 Oct.
- Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2021 Mar 29:2021:6678276. [Abstract]
- Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2020 Dec 15:2020:8514926. [Abstract]
- Ann Transl Med. 2020 Mar;8(5):219. [Abstract]
- Sci Total Environ. 2020 Feb 10:703:134702. [Abstract]
- Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2019 Dec 7:2019:2193019. [Abstract]
Customer Validation & Images
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Biologische Aktivität
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CaMK II |
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Cell Line
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Type | Value | Description | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NIH3T3 | IC50 |
12 μM
Compound: Chemical probe: KN-93
|
Cytotoxicity against serum stimulated mouse NIH3T3 cells assessed as inhibition of cell growth incubated for 72 hrs by MTT assay
Cytotoxicity against serum stimulated mouse NIH3T3 cells assessed as inhibition of cell growth incubated for 72 hrs by MTT assay
|
[PMID: 8519682] |
| NIH3T3 | IC50 |
6 μM
Compound: Chemical probe: KN-93
|
Cytotoxicity against EGF stimulated mouse NIH3T3 cells assessed as growth inhibition incubated for 72 hrs by MTT assay
Cytotoxicity against EGF stimulated mouse NIH3T3 cells assessed as growth inhibition incubated for 72 hrs by MTT assay
|
[PMID: 8519682] |
| NIH3T3 | IC50 |
6 μM
Compound: Chemical probe: KN-93
|
Cytotoxicity against FGF stimulated mouse NIH3T3 cells assessed as growth inhibition incubated for 72 hrs by MTT assay
Cytotoxicity against FGF stimulated mouse NIH3T3 cells assessed as growth inhibition incubated for 72 hrs by MTT assay
|
[PMID: 8519682] |
| NIH3T3 | IC50 |
6 μM
Compound: Chemical probe: KN-93
|
Cytotoxicity against IGF-1 stimulated mouse NIH3T3 cells assessed as growth inhibition incubated for 72 hrs by MTT assay
Cytotoxicity against IGF-1 stimulated mouse NIH3T3 cells assessed as growth inhibition incubated for 72 hrs by MTT assay
|
[PMID: 8519682] |
| NIH3T3 | IC50 |
6 μM
Compound: Chemical probe: KN-93
|
Cytotoxicity against PDGF-BB stimulated mouse NIH3T3 cells assessed as growth inhibition incubated for 72 hrs by MTT assay
Cytotoxicity against PDGF-BB stimulated mouse NIH3T3 cells assessed as growth inhibition incubated for 72 hrs by MTT assay
|
[PMID: 8519682] |
| Sf9 | IC50 |
1.6 μM
Compound: 1, KN-93
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Inhibition of recombinant CAMK2 expressed in Sf9 cells after 20 mins
Inhibition of recombinant CAMK2 expressed in Sf9 cells after 20 mins
|
[PMID: 21292482] |
After 2 days of KN-93 treatment, 95% of cells are arrested in G1. G1 arrest is reversible; 1 day after KN-93 release, a peak of cells had progressed into S and G2-M. KN-93 also blocks cell growth stimulated by basic fibroblast growth factor, platelet-derived growth factor-BB, and epidermal growth factor in NIH 3T3 fibroblasts[1]. KN-93 inhibits the H+, K+-ATPase activity but strongly dissipates the proton gradient formed in the gastric membrane vesicles and reduces the volume of luminal space[2]. KN-93 (0.5 μM) prevents increased LV developed pressure during action potential prolongation and early afterdepolarizations. Ca2+-independent CaM kinase activity is increased during early afterdepolarizations and this increase is prevented by KN-93[3]. KN-93 (10 μM )significantly inhibits the activation of CaMKII/NF-κB signaling induced by elevated glucose, and subsequently decreases the expression of VEGF, iNOS and ICAM-1 in Müller cells[4].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Chemical Information
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CAS. Nr. 139298-40-1
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Appearance Solid
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Molecular Weight 501.04
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Formel C26H29ClN2O4S
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Color White to off-white
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SMILES
O=S(C1=CC=C(OC)C=C1)(N(C2=CC=CC=C2CN(C/C=C/C3=CC=C(Cl)C=C3)C)CCO)=O
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Versand
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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Speicherung
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 2 years -20°C 1 year
Publications (104)
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Journal Impact Factor
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Most Recent
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Signal Transduct Target Ther
Piezo1 activation suppresses bone marrow adipogenesis to prevent osteoporosis by inhibiting a mechanoinflammatory autocrine loop. [Abstract]2025 Oct 28;10(1):357. PMID: 41145414 -
Cell
Osr2 functions as a biomechanical checkpoint to aggravate CD8+ T cell exhaustion in tumor. [Abstract]2024 Jun 20;187(13):3409-3426.e24. PMID: 38744281 -
Cell
A family of conserved bacterial virulence factors dampens interferon responses by blocking calcium signaling. [Abstract]2022 Jun 23;185(13):2354-2369.e17. PMID: 35568036 -
Nat Metab
AMPK controls the axonal regenerative ability of dorsal root ganglia sensory neurons after spinal cord injury. [Abstract]2020 Sep;2(9):918-933. PMID: 32778834 -
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Nat Commun
2025 Feb 7;16(1):1429. PMID: 39920102 -
Nat Commun
Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IV promotes imiquimod-induced psoriatic inflammation via macrophages and keratinocytes in mice. [Abstract]2022 Jul 22;13(1):4255. PMID: 35869084 -
J Adv Res
Rutin triggers IRE1-mediated GSDMD-dependent pyroptosis in macrophages to suppress systemic Salmonella infection. [Abstract]2026 Apr 1:S2090-1232(26)00273-0. PMID: 41932494 -
Redox Biol
Gut microbiota dependent trimethylamine N-oxide aggravates angiotensin II-induced hypertension. [Abstract]2021 Oct:46:102115 PMID: 34474396 -
Adv Sci (Weinh)
Autocrine Netrin-1 Signaling in Hepatic Stellate Cells Drives Liver Fibrosis and Diet-Induced Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatohepatitis in Mice. [Abstract]2026 Feb;13(10):e14545. PMID: 41514498 -
Adv Sci (Weinh)
Piezo1 Regulates Stiffness-Dependent DRG Axon Regeneration via Modifying Cytoskeletal Dynamics. [Abstract]2024 Dec;11(47):e2405705. PMID: 39514408 -
Sci Adv
Inflamed vessel-anchored release of H2 across the blood-brain barrier for ischemic stroke neuroprotection. [Abstract]2026 Feb 27;12(9):eaea3355. PMID: 41739927 -
Sci Adv
Microglial BDNF modulates arketamine's antidepressant-like effects through cortico-accumbal pathways. [Abstract]2025 Jul 11;11(28):eadv5986. PMID: 40632846 -
Biomaterials
A sono-piezoelectric scaffold prompts disc regeneration by activating Ca2+/CaMKII/Parkin-mediated mitophagy. [Abstract]2026 May 15:334:124316. PMID: 42155175 -
J Control Release
Bioadhesive drug-loaded microparticles prolong drug retention in the middle ear and ameliorate cisplatin-induced hearing loss. [Abstract]2025 Jul 10:383:113728. PMID: 40222417 -
Cell Death Dis
TRPV1 alleviates osteoarthritis by inhibiting M1 macrophage polarization via Ca2+/CaMKII/Nrf2 signaling pathway. [Abstract]2021 May 18;12(6):504. PMID: 34006826 -
Phytomedicine
Modified Kai-Xin-San ameliorates cognitive impairment in Alzheimer's disease model mice by regulating neuroinflammation and synaptic dysfunction. [Abstract]2026 Jun:155:158102. PMID: 41931996 -
Phytomedicine
Tongmai Yishen Formula alleviates post-stroke depression by restoring neuronal homeostasis in the lateral habenula via the ITPKA signaling pathway. [Abstract]2026 Jan 21:153:157866. PMID: 41655549 -
Phytomedicine
LW-213, a derivative of wogonin, triggers reticulophagy-mediated cell death in NSCLC via lysosomal damage combined with NPC1 inhibition. [Abstract]2024 Nov:134:155958. PMID: 39241385 -
Arch Toxicol
Upregulation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase prevents sunitinib-induced cardiotoxicity in vitro and in vivo. [Abstract]2019 Jun;93(6):1697-1712. PMID: 31025080 -
Acta Pharmacol Sin
Discovery of FO-4-15, a novel 1,2,4-oxadiazole derivative, ameliorates cognitive impairments in 3×Tg mice by activating the mGluR1/CaMKIIα pathway. [Abstract]2025 Jan;46(1):66-80. PMID: 39152295 -
Cell Death Discov
Preso enhances mGluR1-mediated excitotoxicity by modulating the phosphorylation of mGluR1-Homer1 complex and facilitating an ER stress after traumatic brain injury. [Abstract]2024 Mar 26;10(1):153. PMID: 38531909 -
Acta Pharmacol Sin
ZYZ-803, a novel hydrogen sulfide-nitric oxide conjugated donor, promotes angiogenesis via cross-talk between STAT3 and CaMKII. [Abstract]2020 Feb;41(2):218-228. PMID: 31316179
KN-93 purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2020 Feb;41(2):218-228. [Abstract]
HUVECs are pretreated with KN93 for 1 h, followed by ZYZ-803 (1 μM) for 30 min. Protein levels are assessed by Western blot.
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Br J Anaesth
Sevoflurane alters α5β3GABAA receptor trafficking via calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II-dependent β3 subunit phosphorylation to produce cognitive impairment in aged mice. [Abstract]2026 Jan 27:S0007-0912(25)00893-1. PMID: 41605734 -
Diabetes
Prostaglandin F2α Facilitates Hepatic Glucose Production Through CaMKIIγ/p38/FOXO1 Signaling Pathway in Fasting and Obesity. [Abstract]2018 Sep;67(9):1748-1760. PMID: 29773555
KN-93 purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Diabetes. 2018 Sep;67(9):1748-1760. [Abstract]
Immunoblotting analysis of PCK1, G6Pase, and phospho-CaMKIIγ proteins in NTG and HCTG hepatocytes in response to PGF2α and in the presence or absence of KN-93 treatment.
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Chin Med J (Engl)
Precision therapy targeting CAMK2 to overcome resistance to EGFR inhibitors in FAT1-mutated oral squamous cell carcinoma. [Abstract]2025 Aug 5;138(15):1853-1865. PMID: 39227322 -
Int J Biol Macromol
α-Conotoxin LvID, an antagonist of α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor, mitigates Alzheimer-associated phenotypes by inhibiting Aβ deposition and reactive astrogliosis. [Abstract]2026 Mar:349:150933. PMID: 41692211 -
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Environ Res
2024 Aug 15:255:119210. PMID: 38795947 -
Phytother Res
Poria cocos Polysaccharides Protect Against Contrast-Induced Renal Injury Through Activating CaMKK2/AMPK/PGC-1α Signaling Pathway. [Abstract]2026 Jun 18. PMID: 42312878 -
Free Radic Biol Med
Methionine sulfoxide reductase A deficiency aggravated ferroptosis in LPS-induced acute kidney injury by inhibiting the AMPK/NRF2 axis and activating the CaMKII/HIF-1α pathway. [Abstract]2025 Apr 25:S0891-5849(25)00250-3. PMID: 40288699 -
EMBO Mol Med
PGF2α facilitates pathological retinal angiogenesis by modulating endothelial FOS-driven ELR+ CXC chemokine expression. [Abstract]2023 Jan 11;15(1):e16373. PMID: 36511116 -
Curr Biol
2026 May 4;36(9):2367-2381.e9. PMID: 42025171 -
Aging Cell
Piezo1 exacerbates inflammation-induced cartilaginous endplate degeneration by activating mitochondrial fission via the Ca2+/CaMKII/Drp1 axis. [Abstract]2025 Apr;24(4):e14440. PMID: 39610146 -
Brain Behav Immun
NR2B-CaMKII signaling in the dentate gyrus driven by astrocytic P2Y1Rs mediates the antidepressant effect of low-dose LPS. [Abstract]2026 Jul:135:106529. PMID: 41796645 -
J Pineal Res
2024 Aug;76(5):e12987. PMID: 38975671 -
Cell Syst
A Library of Phosphoproteomic and Chromatin Signatures for Characterizing Cellular Responses to Drug Perturbations. [Abstract]2018 Apr 25;6(4):424-443.e7. PMID: 29655704 -
Neurosci Bull
Astrocyte-Derived CXCL10 Induces Neuronal Tau Hyperphosphorylation and Cognitive Impairments in Sepsis. [Abstract]2025 Jul 2. PMID: 40601125 -
J Ethnopharmacol
Lancao decoction alleviates Alzheimer's disease: Depending on activating CaMKII to protect neuronal refunction by reducing β-amyloid in the hippocampus. [Abstract]2025 Apr 9:345:119619. PMID: 40074096 -
J Ethnopharmacol
Jiawei-Xiaoyao pill elicits a rapid antidepressant effect, dependent on activating CaMKII/mTOR/BDNF signaling pathway in the hippocampus. [Abstract]2024 Jan 10;318(Pt B):117016. PMID: 37567427 -
J Agric Food Chem
Ginsenoside-Rb1 Improved Diabetic Cardiomyopathy through Regulating Calcium Signaling by Alleviating Protein O-GlcNAcylation. [Abstract]2019 Dec 26;67(51):14074-14085. PMID: 31793297 -
CNS Neurosci Ther
2025 Nov;31(11):e70672. PMID: 41299860 -
Cell Mol Life Sci
Obesity-induced oleic acid metabolic dysregulation may exacerbate osteoarthritis through the degradation of SOX9. [Abstract]2026 May 22. PMID: 42171703 -
Biochem Pharmacol
Triptolide induces the secretion of insulin, through which it alleviates the tauopathies of Alzheimer's disease via inhibiting the phosphorylation of tau. [Abstract]2025 Aug 8;242(Pt 3):117223. PMID: 40784568 -
Cell Mol Life Sci
2022 Dec 1;79(12):613. PMID: 36454480 -
Biochem Pharmacol
FAK inhibitor PF-431396 suppresses IgE-mediated mast cell activation and allergic inflammation in mice. [Abstract]2021 Oct:192:114722. PMID: 34384759 -
Life Sci
Inhibition of RELM-β prevents hypoxia-induced overproliferation of human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells by reversing PLC-mediated KCNK3 decline. [Abstract]2020 Apr 1:246:117419. PMID: 32045592 -
Commun Biol
2022 Jul 28;5(1):750. PMID: 35902736 -
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Eur J Pharmacol
Camk2n1 deficiency reduces the NaCl cotransporter activity through the CUL3/KLHL3/WNK4 complex in the kidney. [Abstract]2025 Mar 5:990:177270. PMID: 39798916 -
Eur J Pharmacol
Activation of CaMKII/HDAC4 by SDF1 contributes to pulmonary arterial hypertension via stabilization Runx2. [Abstract]2024 May 5:970:176483. PMID: 38479721 -
J Endocrinol
2018 Mar;236(3):151-165. PMID: 29371236 -
Int Immunopharmacol
Galanin regulates M1/M2 polarization of microglia after spinal cord injury through TRPV1/Ca2+/CaMKII/NRF2 signaling pathway. [Abstract]2025 Oct 30:164:115330. PMID: 40811950 -
Front Pharmacol
CaM/CaMKII mediates activation and proliferation of hepatic stellate cells regulated by ASIC1a. [Abstract]2022 Dec 15:13:996667. PMID: 36588718 -
Front Pharmacol
Simvastatin Enhances Activity and Trafficking of α7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor in Hippocampal Neurons Through PKC and CaMKII Signaling Pathways. [Abstract]2018 Apr 12:9:362. PMID: 29706890
KN-93 purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Front Pharmacol. 2018 Apr 12:9:362. [Abstract]
MK 733-increased biotinylated α7nAChR protein is blocked by the addition of KN93 (P<0.01, n=6 mice).
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Toxicology
Wnt5a/Ca2+ signaling regulates silica-induced ferroptosis in mouse macrophages by altering ER stress-mediated redox balance. [Abstract]2023 May 15:490:153514. PMID: 37075931 -
World J Diabetes
2022 Apr 15;13(4):338-357. PMID: 35582666 -
Sci Rep
Hippocampal CaMKII inhibition induces reactivation-dependent amnesia for extinction memory and causes fear relapse. [Abstract]2023 Dec 7;13(1):21712. PMID: 38066022 -
Diabetol Metab Syndr
Glucose fluctuations aggravate myocardial fibrosis via activating the CaMKII/Stat3 signaling in type 2 diabtetes. [Abstract]2023 Oct 28;15(1):217. PMID: 37891701 -
J Mol Cell Cardiol
Ventricular SK2 upregulation following angiotensin II challenge: Modulation by p21-activated kinase-1. [Abstract]2022 Mar:164:110-125. PMID: 34774547 -
Cell Calcium
Activation of transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 exacerbates myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury via JNK-CaMKII phosphorylation pathway in isolated mice hearts. [Abstract]2021 Dec:100:102483. PMID: 34628110 -
Cell Signal
Interaction between A-kinase anchoring protein 5 and protein kinase A mediates CaMKII/HDAC signaling to inhibit cardiomyocyte hypertrophy after hypoxic reoxygenation. [Abstract]2023 Mar:103:110569. PMID: 36565899 -
J Cell Mol Med
Calpain-2 plays a pivotal role in the inhibitory effects of propofol against TNF-α-induced autophagy in mouse hippocampal neurons. [Abstract]2020 Aug;24(16):9287-9299. PMID: 32627970 -
Oncol Rep
TRPC5‑induced autophagy promotes the TMZ‑resistance of glioma cells via the CAMMKβ/AMPKα/mTOR pathway. [Abstract]2019 Jun;41(6):3413-3423. PMID: 30942446 -
Brain Res Bull
Modulation of NR1 receptor by CaMKIIα plays an important role in chronic itch development in mice. [Abstract]2020 May:158:66-76. PMID: 32112850 -
J Neurosci
Ras Inhibitor Lonafarnib Rescues Structural and Functional Impairments of Synapses of Aβ1-42 Mice via α7nAChR-Dependent BDNF Upregulation. [Abstract]2022 Aug 3;42(31):6090-6107. PMID: 35760529 -
FASEB J
EphrinB2/ephB2-mediated myenteric synaptic plasticity: mechanisms underlying the persistent muscle hypercontractility and pain in postinfectious IBS. [Abstract]2019 Dec;33(12):13644-13659. PMID: 31601124 -
Korean J Pain
Pulsed radiofrequency attenuates mechanical hypersensitivity in neuropathic pain rats by activating the Nrf2-regulated CaMKII/NF-κB signaling pathway. [Abstract]2026 Jan 1;39(1):86-95. PMID: 41469215 -
Transl Stroke Res
Alpha-Asarone Ameliorates Neurological Dysfunction of Subarachnoid Hemorrhagic Rats in Both Acute and Recovery Phases via Regulating the CaMKII-Dependent Pathways. [Abstract]2024 Apr;15(2):476-494. PMID: 36781743 -
Proteomics
Dynamic Phosphoproteomic Profiling Captured Early Signaling Events for Cold Acclimation in Larval Zebrafish. [Abstract]2026 May;26(5):69-85. PMID: 41906457 -
Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol
CaMKII phosphorylation promotes renal fibrosis in cisplatin induced chronic kidney disease via Smad 2/3 activation. [Abstract]2025 Nov 17. PMID: 41247456 -
Cell Cycle
Involvement of CaMKII in regulating the release of diplotene-arrested mouse oocytes by pAkt1 (Ser473). [Abstract]2019 Nov;18(21):2986-2997. PMID: 31530151 -
Insect Sci
The activation of hormone-sensitive lipase via MAPK phosphorylation is required for PBAN-mediated sex pheromone biosynthesis in Bombyx mori. [Abstract]2026 May 24. PMID: 42178911 -
Neuromodulation
Kilohertz High-Frequency Electrical Stimulation Effectively Mitigates Hyperalgesia in Mice With Neuropathic Pain Through Regulation of the Calcium/Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase II/N-Methyl-D-Aspartate 2B Signaling Pathway. [Abstract]2025 Aug;28(6):962-975. PMID: 40243981 -
J Biochem Mol Toxicol
Ketamine Induces Mitochondrial Fission and Dysfunction in Cervical Cancer Cells via RhoA-Dependent DRP-1 Activation. [Abstract]2025 Oct;39(10):e70500. PMID: 40976839 -
Cancer Med
CaMKII Exacerbates Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity by Promoting Ubiquitination Through USP10 Inhibition. [Abstract]2024 Nov;13(21):e70286. PMID: 39517125 -
Exp Cell Res
Secreted AGR2 promotes invasion of colorectal cancer cells via Wnt11-mediated non-canonical Wnt signaling. [Abstract]2018 Mar 15;364(2):198-207. PMID: 29427622
KN-93 purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Exp Cell Res. 2018 Mar 15;364(2):198-207. [Abstract]
Western blot analysis of β-catenin protein level in HEK 293T cells stimulated for 12h with rAGR2 (100 ng/mL) coupled with or without KN93 (10 μM).
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Neuroscience
High-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation upregulates BDNF expression and promotes synaptogenesis in mouse models of Parkinson's disease. [Abstract]2025 Jul 23:579:129-143. PMID: 40451606 -
Neuroscience
Inhibition of the NR2B-PSD95 Interaction Exerts Neuroprotective Effects on Retinal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. [Abstract]2022 May 10:490:89-99. PMID: 35257794 -
Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Alleviates MPTP-Induced Parkinson's Disease Symptoms by Regulating CaMKII-CREB-BMAL1 Pathway in Mice Model. [Abstract]2024 Sep 11:20:1693-1710. PMID: 39279880 -
Brain Res
Merazin hydrate produces rapid antidepressant effect by activating CaMKII to promote neuronal activities and proliferation in hippocampus. [Abstract]2024 Jan 1:1822:148665. PMID: 37924927 -
FEBS Lett
Kalirin mediates Rac1 activation downstream of calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II to stimulate glucose uptake during muscle contraction. [Abstract]2022 Dec;596(24):3159-3175. PMID: 35716086 -
Front Genet
CaMKII is a modulator in neurodegenerative diseases and mediates the effect of androgen on synaptic protein PSD95. [Abstract]2022 Aug 4;13:959360. PMID: 35991539 -
J Cell Biochem
Tao-Hong-Si-Wu decoction reduces ischemia reperfusion rat myoblast cells calcium overloading and inflammation through the Wnt/IP3R/CAMKII pathway. [Abstract]2019 Aug;120(8):13095-13106. PMID: 30950126 -
Mol Cell Biol
Effects of Phenylacetylglutamine on the Susceptibility of Atrial Fibrillation in Overpressure-Induced HF Mice. [Abstract]2024;44(4):149-163. PMID: 38725392 -
J Cardiovasc Transl Res
CaMKIIδ, Stabilized by RNA N6-Methyladenosine Reader IGF2BP2, Boosts Coxsackievirus B3-Induced Myocardial Inflammation via Interacting with TIRAP. [Abstract]2024 Jun;17(3):540-553. PMID: 38229002 -
J Mol Histol
Wnt5a up-regulates Periostin through CaMKII pathway to influence periodontal tissue destruction in early periodontitis. [Abstract]2021 Jun;52(3):555-566. PMID: 33904122 -
Biochem Biophys Res Commun
CaMKII and Kalirin, a Rac1-GEF, regulate Akt phosphorylation involved in contraction-induced glucose uptake in skeletal muscle cells. [Abstract]2022 Jun 25;610:170-175. PMID: 35462099 -
Biochem Biophys Res Commun
CaMKII inhibition protects against hyperthyroid arrhythmias and adverse myocardial remodeling. [Abstract]2022 Apr 20;615:136-142. PMID: 35617800 -
Int J Dent
The ROS/CaMK II/β-Catenin Signaling Axis Affects the Osteogenic Potential of BMSCs and Disrupts Implant Osseointegration: An In Vitro Study. [Abstract]2025 Aug 15:2025:5566776. PMID: 40861924 -
Neurosci Lett
RIP3 facilitates necroptosis through CaMKII and AIF after intracerebral hemorrhage in mice. [Abstract]2021 Apr 1:749:135699. PMID: 33540056 -
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Front Med
2023 Apr;17(2):263-274. PMID: 36738427 -
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Oxid Med Cell Longev
Photobiomodulation Therapy Ameliorates Glutamatergic Dysfunction in Mice with Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress-Induced Depression. [Abstract]2021 Mar 29:2021:6678276. PMID: 33859781 -
Evid Based Complement Alternat Med
The Inhibition Effects of Shenmai Injection on Acetylcholine-Induced Catecholamine Synthesis and Secretion by Modulating Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Ion Channels in Cultured Bovine Adrenal Medullary Cells. [Abstract]2020 Dec 15:2020:8514926. PMID: 33456492 -
Ann Transl Med
Left ventricular response in the transition from hypertrophy to failure recapitulates distinct roles of Akt, β-arrestin-2, and CaMKII in mice with aortic regurgitation. [Abstract]2020 Mar;8(5):219. PMID: 32309366 -
Sci Total Environ
Microcystin-leucine-arginine induced neurotoxicity by initiating mitochondrial fission in hippocampal neurons. [Abstract]2020 Feb 10:703:134702. PMID: 31753492 -
Oxid Med Cell Longev
Inhibitor 1 of Protein Phosphatase 1 Regulates Ca2+/Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase II to Alleviate Oxidative Stress in Hypoxia-Reoxygenation Injury of Cardiomyocytes. [Abstract]2019 Dec 7:2019:2193019. PMID: 31885777
Lösungsmittel & Löslichkeit
DMSO : 50 mg/mL (99.79 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)
H2O : < 0.1 mg/mL (insoluble)
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.
Konzentration (Stammlösung) × Volumen (Stammlösung) = Konzentration (Ziellösung) × Volumen (Ziellösung)
Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.
- For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
- To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
- The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:
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Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Please enter your animal formula composition:
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%DMSO +
Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
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%+
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+%Tween-80 + +
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%Saline +
The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL
Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL DMSO. Stock solution concentration: mg/mL.
1. Take μL DMSO stock solution;
2. Add μL .
μL , mix evenly;
3. Then add μL Tween 80, mix evenly;
4. Then add μL
Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
Protokoll
Cell viability is assessed by the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5- diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Briefly, Müller cells are seeded at a density of 10×104 cells per well in 96-well plates and cultured until sub-confluence. Next, cells are treated with curcumin for 24 h before incubation with MTT (5 mg/mL) at 37°C in 5% CO2 atmosphere for 4 h. The culture medium is then removed, and the formazan formed in the reaction is dissolved in 150 μL DMSO. The optical density of the solution is measured at 490 nm using a multifunctional microplate reader. Cell viability in each well is presented as a percentage of the control (vehicle-treated group).
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Male Sprague-Dawley rats (8 weeks of age) weighing 180-200 g are used in this study. Rats are housed in ventilated microisolator cages with free access to water and food. The rats are randomLy assigned to receive either 60 mg/kg STZ intraperitoneally or citrate buffer alone. Rats are categorized as diabetic when blood glucose levels exceeded 16.7 mM at 48 h after STZ treatment. Two weeks after the induction of diabetes, rats are divided randomLy into three subgroups: STZ-diabetic rats (n=12), STZ-treated diabetic rats administered curcumin (n=12), or STZ-diabetic rats administered KN93 (n=12) for a 12-week period. Curcumin is suspended in saline containing 0.5% carboxymethylcellulose at a concentration of 20 mg/mL and administered via oral gavage at a total dose of 100 mg/kg/day. KN93 is administered by intraperitoneal injection at 1 mg/kg/day. Control STZ-treated diabetic rats and non-diabetic controls (n=12) are gavage administered saline containing 0.5% carboxymethylcellulose on a daily basis. Body weights and blood glucose levels are measured every 2 weeks.
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Reinheit & Dokumentation
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Data Sheet (284 KB)
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SDS (393 KB)
- English - EN (393 KB)
- Français - FR (393 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (393 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (393 KB)
- Español - ES (393 KB)
- Swedish - SV (393 KB)
- Italian - IT (393 KB)
- Korean - KR (393 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (393 KB)
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Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
Verweise
[1]. Tombes RM, et al. G1 cell cycle arrest and apoptosis are induced in NIH 3T3 cells by KN-93, an inhibitor of CaMK (the multifunctional Ca2+/CaM kinase). Cell Growth Differ. 1995 Sep;6(9):1063-70. [Content Brief]
[2]. Mamiya N, et al. Inhibition of acid secretion in gastric parietal cells by the Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II inhibitorKN-93. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1993 Sep 15;195(2):608-15. [Content Brief]
[3]. Anderson ME, et al. KN-93, an inhibitor of multifunctional Ca++/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase, decreases early afterdepolarizations in rabbit heart. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1998 Dec;287(3):996-1006. [Content Brief]
[4]. Li J, et al. Curcumin Attenuates Retinal Vascular Leakage by Inhibiting Calcium/Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase II Activity in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes. Cell Physiol Biochem. 2016;39(3):1196-208. [Content Brief]
Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.
| Optional Solvent | Concentration Solvent Mass | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | 25 mg |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DMSO | 1 mM | 1.9958 mL | 9.9792 mL | 19.9585 mL | 49.8962 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.3992 mL | 1.9958 mL | 3.9917 mL | 9.9792 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.1996 mL | 0.9979 mL | 1.9958 mL | 4.9896 mL | |
| 15 mM | 0.1331 mL | 0.6653 mL | 1.3306 mL | 3.3264 mL | |
| 20 mM | 0.0998 mL | 0.4990 mL | 0.9979 mL | 2.4948 mL | |
| 25 mM | 0.0798 mL | 0.3992 mL | 0.7983 mL | 1.9958 mL | |
| 30 mM | 0.0665 mL | 0.3326 mL | 0.6653 mL | 1.6632 mL | |
| 40 mM | 0.0499 mL | 0.2495 mL | 0.4990 mL | 1.2474 mL | |
| 50 mM | 0.0399 mL | 0.1996 mL | 0.3992 mL | 0.9979 mL | |
| 60 mM | 0.0333 mL | 0.1663 mL | 0.3326 mL | 0.8316 mL | |
| 80 mM | 0.0249 mL | 0.1247 mL | 0.2495 mL | 0.6237 mL |
KN-93 Related Classifications
HY-15465 Related Classifications
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