Hypertriglyceridemia

Poloxamer 407 (F127) is a nonionic surfactant that is 100% active and relatively non-toxic to cells at low concentrations, and frequently used with dye AM esters such as Indo-1 AM, Fura-2 AM, Calcein AM, Fluo-3 AM, Fluo-4 AM, Quest Fluo-8 AM and Quest Rhod-4 AM, etc. to improve their water solubility. Poloxamer 407 is also a lipoprotein lipase inhibitor.

Efimosfermin alfa is a genetically engineered FGF21 variant. Efimosfermin alfa exerts its function by activating the FGFR1c/β-Klotho complex. Efimosfermin alfa is applicable to researches on metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis, obesity and mild hypertriglyceridemia.

F44-S101 is an orally active, potent, and selective gut-restricted FXR antagonist with an IC₅₀ of 0.48 μM and lipid-lowering activity. F44-S101 selectively antagonizes intestinal FXR, feedback-activates hepatic FXR, promotes cholesterol metabolism and reduces lipid accumulation. F44-S101 decreases total cholesterol, triglyceride and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. F44-S101 can be used in studies related to hyperlipidemia.

AGN-191659 is an orally active RAR/RXR agonist with EC₅₀ values of 11 nM, 23 nM, and 37 nM for RXRα, RARβ, and RARγ, respectively. AGN-191659 activates RXRα, RARβ and RARγ to induce gene transcription. AGN-191659 induces tissue transglutaminase activity, inhibits ornithine decarboxylase activity induced by tumor promoters, and suppresses chondrogenesis. AGN-191659 reverses basic fibroblast growth factor-induced endothelial cell proliferation. AGN-191659 induces hypertriglyceridemia in rat models. AGN-191659 inhibits total heparin-releasable lipase activity. AGN-191659 can be used in research related to promyelocytic leukemia and hypertriglyceridemia.

F81-1144b is a MMP-1 and MMP-3 inhibitor with IC₅₀ values of 5 nM and 29 nM, respectively. F81-1144b reduces serum and hepatic triacylglycerol levels, decreases the secretion of very-low-density lipoprotein-triacylglycerol, inhibits de novo hepatic fatty acid synthesis, and lowers serum insulin and glucose levels. F81-1144b can be used for the research of hypertriglyceridemia.

Vescalagin is a hexahydroxyphenol. Vescalagin is isolable from Camu-camu (Myrciaria dubia) and immature wax apple fruits. Vescalagin exhibits inhibitory activity against a variety of enzymes, with a K_i value of 5.87 nM against AChE, 3.89 nM against BChE, 11.75 nM against hCA I, 16.23 nM against hCA II, and 16.08 nM against α-glucosidase. Vescalagin inhibits hCA I, hCA II and α-glucosidase in a non-competitive manner. Vescalagin downregulates JNK/p38 MAPK to protect pancreatic β-cells and improve insulin secretion in methylglyoxal-treated rats. Vescalagin reduces hyperglycemia and hypertriglyceridemia in rats fed a high-fructose diet. Vescalagin possesses anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.