Human α-Thrombin (Lyophilized)
Based on 8 publication(s) in Google Scholar
Human α-Thrombin (EC 3.4.21.5; Human Alpha Thrombin) (Lyophilized) is a terminal serine protease in the coagulation cascade, as well as a potent physiological platelet agonist and fibrin-generating enzyme in vivo. Human α-Thrombin catalyzes the conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin for blood clot formation, and activates platelet aggregation by cleaving the protease-activated receptors PAR1 (major) (Kd = 1 nM) and PAR4 (minor) on the platelet surface to expose tethered ligands. Human α-Thrombin also amplifies coagulation via positive feedback by activating coagulation factors V, VIII, XI (FV/FVIII/FXI), and switches to activate protein C to exert anticoagulant effects after binding to thrombomodulin.
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- CAS No.: 9002-04-4
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Biological Activity
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Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) Human α-Thrombin (Lyophilized)
More- Cancer Commun (Lond). 2025 Feb;45(2):143-166. [Abstract]
- Allergy. 2022 Jul;77(7):2104-2120. [Abstract]
- Stem Cell Res Ther. 2020 Feb 21;11(1):76. [Abstract]
- Front Pharmacol. 2022 Jan 10;12:792263. [Abstract]
- Antiviral Res. 2023 Jun:214:105606. [Abstract]
- Mol Carcinog. 2024 Jul;63(7):1288-1302. [Abstract]
- University of Utah. 2026.
- bioRxiv. 2026 Mar 5:2026.03.03.709348. [Abstract]
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Flow Cytometry
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Cell Imaging/Staining
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Cell Migration/Invasion Assay
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WB
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Biological Activity
This product is in a freeze-dried form.
Human α-Thrombin (1-100 nM) exhibits significant fibrinogen coagulation activity in in vitro fibrinogen coagulation assays[1].
Human α-Thrombin (0.0001-100 nM; 12 minutes) induces dose-dependent aggregation in washed human platelets[1].
Human α-Thrombin binds a small subset of human platelet GPIb receptors with high affinity, with a dissociation constant Kd of 0.3 nM[2].
Human α-Thrombin (30 nM) induces PAR-4-dependent activation of human platelets only when PAR-1 function is impaired[2].
The primary binding site of human α-Thrombin (1 nM) on human platelets is PAR-1, as anti-PAR-1 antibodies abolish its binding and activation effects, while GPIb exerts no significant effect under physiological Ca2+ conditions or with short incubation times[2].
Human α-Thrombin (5 nM) induces irreversible activation of the GPIIb/IIIa integrin on human platelets[2].
Human α-Thrombin initiates PAR-1-dependent intracellular signal transduction and activation events in human platelets, thereby triggering aggregation; 0.5 nM human α-Thrombin induces PAR-1 cleavage and platelet aggregation[2].
Human α-thrombin (14 nM) potently inhibits the specific binding of 125I-PPACK-α-thrombin to gel-filtered, washed human platelets, achieving nearly complete inhibition over an incubation period of up to 50 min[3].
Human α-thrombin (14 nM) effectively inhibits the specific binding of 125I-α-thrombin to gel-filtered, washed human platelets, and maintains a low binding level throughout incubation periods of up to 50 min[3].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Human α-Thrombin exhibits significant hemostatic efficacy in a rat renal partial nephrectomy bleeding model[1].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
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Animal Model:New Zealand White rabbits (anesthetized with ketamine hydrochloride and isoflurane)[1]
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Dosage:1000 U/mL
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Administration:topical; single application
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Result:Reduced time to hemostasis statistically significantly compared with saline control.
Achieved time to hemostasis equivalent to that observed with bovine thrombin.
Chemical Information
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CAS No. 9002-04-4
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Appearance Solid
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Color Off-white to light yellow
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SMILES
[Human α-Thrombin (Lyophilized)]
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Synonyms
EC 3.4.21.5 (Lyophilized); Human Alpha Thrombin (Lyophilized)
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Shipping
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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Storage
Please store the product under the recommended conditions in the Certificate of Analysis.
Publications (8)
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Journal Impact Factor
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Most Recent
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Cancer Commun (Lond)
Reciprocal tumor-platelet interaction through the EPHB1-EFNB1 axis in the liver metastatic niche promotes metastatic tumor outgrowth in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. [Abstract]2025 Feb;45(2):143-166. PMID: 39648610
Human α-Thrombin (Lyophilized) purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Cancer Commun (Lond). 2025 Feb;45(2):143-166. [Abstract]
Platelets were treated with Fc fragment, Thrombin (1 µg/mL; 2 h), EphB1‐Fc, Thrombin + EphB1‐Fc, mono EphB1, mono EphB1 + EphB1‐Fc, or EFNB1 Ab + EphB1‐Fc. Platelets without treatment served as controls. CD62P expression in activated platelets was tested by flow cytometry analysis. Representative flow cytometry analysis of CD62P expression is presented on the left. The right graph shows the percentage of CD62P+ platelets. Data were presented as the means ± SD, with n = 3 per group.
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Allergy
2022 Jul;77(7):2104-2120. PMID: 34995358
Human α-Thrombin (Lyophilized) purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Allergy. 2022 Jul;77(7):2104-2120. [Abstract]
Western blots for the HA tag on RRL-expressed IL-33 showing the Thrombin cleavage of human pro-IL-33 into the two main forms, ~18 and ~25 kDa, and the inhibition of these cleavage events by the Thrombin inhibitor Argatroban (50 μg/ml). Cleavage occurred in a time-dependent manner (15 min, 30 min, 1 h, 2 h and 4 h; 0.075 U Thrombin; 15 μL buffer) (A) and a dose-dependent manner (0.01875, 0.0375, 0.075, 0.15 and 0.3 U; RT for 1 h; 15 μL buffer) (B).
Human α-Thrombin (Lyophilized) purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Allergy. 2022 Jul;77(7):2104-2120. [Abstract]
L-33-dependent IL-5, IL-13 and IL-4 production by ST2+ CD4 cells incubated with or without Thrombin (50 pg RRL; 0.075 U Thrombin; RT for 1 h) and with or without a neutralizing hIL-33 mAb. The bars and error bars represent the mean ± SEM; *p < .05; **p < .01; ***p < .001.
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Stem Cell Res Ther
Effects of SW033291 on the myogenesis of muscle-derived stem cells and muscle regeneration. [Abstract]2020 Feb 21;11(1):76. PMID: 32085799 -
Front Pharmacol
Hsp47 Inhibitor Col003 Attenuates Collagen-Induced Platelet Activation and Cerebral Ischemic-Reperfusion Injury in Rats. [Abstract]2022 Jan 10;12:792263. PMID: 35082674 -
Antiviral Res
Omicsynin B4 potently blocks coronavirus infection by inhibiting host proteases cathepsin L and TMPRSS2. [Abstract]2023 Jun:214:105606. PMID: 37076089 -
Mol Carcinog
Baicalein promotes KDM4E to induce BICD1 and inhibit triple-negative breast cancer progression by blocking PAR1 signaling. [Abstract]2024 Jul;63(7):1288-1302. PMID: 38607237
Human α-Thrombin (Lyophilized) purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Mol Carcinog. 2024 Jul;63(7):1288-1302. [Abstract]
Effect of knockdown of KDM4E and combined overexpression of BICD1 on the proliferative activity of Thrombin (1 pM)-activated TNBC cells detected by EdU staining (scale bar: 50 μm).
Human α-Thrombin (Lyophilized) purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Mol Carcinog. 2024 Jul;63(7):1288-1302. [Abstract]
Effect of knockdown of KDM4E and combined overexpression of BICD1 on the invasive activity of Thrombin (1 pM)-activated TNBC cells detected by Transwell assay (scale bar: 50 μm). *p < 0.05 versus the sh-scramble group, #p < 0.05 versus the sh-KDM4E + oe-NC group, &p < 0.05 versus the blank group.
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bioRxiv
Protease-Activated Receptor 1 as an Endogenous Model of Peptidergic Gαq-Gα12-Biased G Protein Signaling. [Abstract]2026 Mar 5:2026.03.03.709348. PMID: 41847045
Purity & Documentation
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Data Sheet (271 KB)
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SDS (251 KB)
- English - EN (251 KB)
- Français - FR (251 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (251 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (251 KB)
- Español - ES (251 KB)
- Swedish - SV (251 KB)
- Italian - IT (251 KB)
- Korean - KR (251 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (251 KB)
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Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References
[1]. Bishop PD, et al. Comparison of recombinant human thrombin and plasma-derived human alpha-thrombin. Seminars in thrombosis and hemostasis. 2006 Apr;32 Suppl 1:86-97. [Content Brief]
[2].
Ofosu FA, Nyarko KA. Human platelet thrombin receptors. Roles in platelet activation. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am. 2000 Oct;14(5):1185-98, x.
[Content Brief]
[3]. Schmaier AH, et al. PPACK-thrombin is a noncompetitive inhibitor of alpha-thrombin binding to human platelets. Thrombosis research. 1992 Sep 01;67(5):479-89. [Content Brief]
Calculators
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
Human α-Thrombin (Lyophilized) Related Classifications
HY-114164H Related Classifications
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- Human α-Thrombin (Lyophilized)
- 9002-04-4
- EC 3.4.21.5 (Lyophilized)
- Human Alpha Thrombin (Lyophilized)
- Ser/Thr Protease
- Thrombin
- Protease Activated Receptor (PAR)
- Factor Xa
- platelet agonist
- Human α-Thrombin
- serine protease
- protease-activated receptors 4
- protease-activated receptors 1
- antithrombin III
- hemostasis
- thrombosis
- fibrinogen
- Rat2 fibroblast cells
- Inhibitor
- inhibitor
- inhibit