Protease Substrate

Rhodamine 110 is a sensitive and selective substrate for assaying proteinases in solution or inside living cells. The excitation wavelength is 498 nm and the emission wavelength is 521 nm.

4-Methylumbelliferyl-β-D-glucuronide hydrate is a fluorogenic substrat (λ_ex=362 nm, λ_em=445 nm). 4-Methylumbelliferyl-β-D-glucuronide hydrate has potential applications in detecting the activity of β-glucuronidase and the number of Escherichia coli.

4-Methylumbelliferyl phosphate (4-MUP), an anionic organophosphate, is a acid and alkaline phosphatase fluorogenic substrate. 4-Methylumbelliferyl phosphate is also a nerve agent simulant.

X-Neu5Ac (sodium) is a substrate for chromogenic assay of neuraminidase activity in bacterial expression systems; with a K_m of 0.89 mM for neuraminidase.

IDT307, an analog of the organic cation MPP+, is a specific fluorescent substrate for DAT (fluorescent substrate APP+).

Chlorophenol red-β-D-galactopyranoside (CPRG) is an efficient and sensitive chromogenic substrate for β-galactosidase (HY-P2869), widely used in colorimetric assays. Chlorophenol red-β-D-galactopyranoside itself appears pale yellow. When it is specifically hydrolyzed by β-galactosidase, it releases chlorophenol red. The released chlorophenol red turns purple-red under alkaline or neutral pH conditions. This color change from yellow to red can be quantitatively detected at wavelengths of 540-572 nm using visible spectrophotometry.

Ac-ANW-AMC is a fluorogenic substrate for immunoproteasome. Ac-ANW-AMC can be used to measure β5i activity (Ex=345 nm, Em=445 nm).

Ac-WLA-AMC is a specific 20S constitutive proteasome β5 fluorogenic substrate.

4-Methylumbelliferyl β-D-galactopyranoside is a fluorescent substrate for β-galactosidase which, when cleaved, produces a water-soluble blue fluorescent coumarin fluorophore that can be detected using a fluoroenzymeter or fluorometer.

Ac-LEHD-AFC is a fluorescent substrate for caspase-9, can be used to assess the activity of caspase.

L-Leucine-7-amido-4-methylcoumarin (Leu-AMC) hydrochloride is a bright blue fluorogenic peptidyl substrate for LAP3 (leucine aminopeptidase). L-Leucine-7-amido-4-methylcoumarin hydrochloride can be used for leucine aminopeptidase inhibition assays in vitro.

MeOSuc-Ala-Ala-Pro-Val-pNA is a sensitive chromogenic substrate for human leukocyte and porcine pancreatic elastase.

β-Ala-Lys (AMCA) is a fluorescently labeled substrate of oligopeptide transporters. β-Ala-Lys (AMCA) acts as a substrate for a variety of bacterial proton-coupled oligopeptide transporters, and is used to label the activity of oligopeptide transporters. Excitation/emission wavelength: 340 nM/460 nM.

4-Methylumbelliferyl oleate is a fluorogenic substrate for acid and alkaline lipases. 4-Methylumbelliferyl oleate is cleaved by lipases, liberating 4-Methylumbelliferyl (Ex/Em=320/450 nm).

Ac-YVAD-AFC is the the fluorometric peptide substrate of caspase-1, with λ excitation of 400 nm and λ emission of 505 nm.

BCIP(BCIP p-toluidine salt; X-phosphate p-toluidine salt) is an artificial chromogenic substrate used for the sensitive colorimetric detection of alkaline phosphatase activity.

C6 NBD Glucosylceramide is a glucosylceramide fluorescent derivative (Ex=466 nm, Em=535 nm). C6 NBD Glucosylceramide can be used to study the metabolism and internalization of glucosylceramide and also for the determination of glucosyl ceramide synthase activity.

D-Ala-Lys-AMCA hydrochloride is a known proton-coupled oligopeptide transporter 1 (PEPT1) substrate that emits blue fluorescence. D-Ala-Lys-AMCA hydrochloride may be transported into liver cancer cells and Caco-2 cells based on fluorescence analysis. D-Ala-Lys-AMCA hydrochloride can be used for characterizing PEPT1-specific substrates or inhibitors (Ex/Em = 390/480 nm).

Mu-6S-Palm-β-Glc is a fluorogenic substrate for palmitoyl-protein thioesterase (PPT). Mu-6S-Palm-β-Glc can be used for the research of neuronal ceroid lipofuscin disease in infants.

Mca-Ala-Pro-Lys(Dnp)-OH, a specific ACE2 quenched fluorogenic substrate, can be used to detect ACE2 activity, such as urinary, heart and lung.