Phenoxan
Phenoxan is an inhibitor of cytochrome b and NADH: ubiquinone oxidoreductase. It exerts anti-HIV, antifungal, and cytotoxic effects by inhibiting the electron transport chain, the activity of HIV-1 Reverse Transcriptase, and viral replication. Phenoxan can be used in studies of HIV-1 infection and fungal infections.
For research use only. We do not sell to patients.
- CAS No.: 134332-63-1
- Formula: C23H25NO4
- Molecular Weight:379.45
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Storage:
Please store the product under the recommended conditions in the Certificate of Analysis.
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Biological Activity
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Chemical Information
- Protocols
- Purity & Documentation
- References
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Help & FAQs
Biological Activity
Description
IC50 & Target
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HIV-1 6.6 nM (ID50) |
Cellular Effect
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Cell Line
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Type | Value | Description | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| MT4 | EC50 |
6.6 nM
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Inhibition of HIV-1-induced cytopathogenicity in MT-4 cells assessed via 3H-thymidine incorporation into cellular DNA after 4 days post-infection with a 20 h thymidine incubation period.
Inhibition of HIV-1-induced cytopathogenicity in MT-4 cells assessed via 3H-thymidine incorporation into cellular DNA after 4 days post-infection with a 20 h thymidine incubation period.
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1429243 |
| MT4 | CC50 |
> 6600 nM
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Cytotoxicity against MT-4 cells assessed via 3H-thymidine incorporation into cellular DNA after 4 days post-infection with a 20 h thymidine incubation period.
Cytotoxicity against MT-4 cells assessed via 3H-thymidine incorporation into cellular DNA after 4 days post-infection with a 20 h thymidine incubation period.
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1429243 |
| H9 | CC50 |
6600 nM
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Cytotoxicity against human lymphoblastoid H9 cells assessed via 3H-thymidine incorporation measurement.
Cytotoxicity against human lymphoblastoid H9 cells assessed via 3H-thymidine incorporation measurement.
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1429243 |
| MOLT-3 | CC50 |
6600 nM
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Cytotoxicity against human lymphoblastoid Molt-3 cells assessed via 3H-thymidine incorporation measurement.
Cytotoxicity against human lymphoblastoid Molt-3 cells assessed via 3H-thymidine incorporation measurement.
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1429243 |
| Jurkat | CC50 |
66000 nM
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Cytotoxicity against human lymphoblastoid Jurkat cells assessed via 3H-thymidine incorporation measurement.
Cytotoxicity against human lymphoblastoid Jurkat cells assessed via 3H-thymidine incorporation measurement.
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1429243 |
| MOLT-4 | CC50 |
66000 nM
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Cytotoxicity against human lymphoblastoid Molt-4 clone 8 cells assessed via 3H-thymidine incorporation measurement.
Cytotoxicity against human lymphoblastoid Molt-4 clone 8 cells assessed via 3H-thymidine incorporation measurement.
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1429243 |
| Raji | CC50 |
66000 nM
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Cytotoxicity against human lymphoblastoid Raji cells assessed via 3H-thymidine incorporation measurement.
Cytotoxicity against human lymphoblastoid Raji cells assessed via 3H-thymidine incorporation measurement.
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1429243 |
In Vitro
Phenoxan completely inhibits HIV-1-induced cytopathogenicity in MT-4 cells at a concentration of 6.6 μM, exhibits no cytotoxicity at concentrations > 6600 nM, and has a selectivity index > 103[2].
Phenoxan does not inhibit HIV-1-induced syncytium formation at a concentration of 6.6 μM in a co-culture system of Molt-4 clone 8 cells and HIV-1IIIB-infected Molt-4 cells[2].
Phenoxan inhibits the activity of purified HIV-1IIIB reverse transcriptase with an IC50 of 376 μM, a concentration that is much higher than that required for its anti-HIV-1 activity in MT-4 cells[2].
Phenoxan (6600-66000 nM) exhibits toxicity to H9 and Molt-3 cells at a concentration of 6600 nM, and to Jurkat, Molt-4 clone 8 and Raji cells at a concentration of 66000 nM[2].
Phenoxan (compound 1) (40 μg) inhibits the growth of specific fungal strains, with a minimum inhibitory concentration of 19 ng/mL against Ustilago maydis, and shows no activity against the tested bacteria and yeasts[1].
Phenoxan (2.2 ng/mL; 4 minutes) potently inhibits NADH oxidation in bovine heart submitochondrial particles, with an IC50 of 5.8 nM (2.2 ng/mL)[1].
Phenoxan (25 μg/mL) completely inhibits NADH-induced reduction of cytochromes aa3, b, and c + c1 in bovine heart submitochondrial particles[1].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only. Further protocols information, click here.
Chemical Information
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CAS No. 134332-63-1
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Molecular Weight 379.45
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Formula C23H25NO4
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SMILES
CCC1=C(C2=COC(CC/C(C)=C/C3=CC=CC=C3)=N2)OC(OC)=C(C1=O)C
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Structure Classification
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Initial Source
myxobacteria
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Shipping
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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Storage
Please store the product under the recommended conditions in the Certificate of Analysis.
Protocols
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Research Protocol for Infectious Diseases
Infectious-disease experiments test how pathogens interact with host barriers, innate immune receptors, inflammatory signaling, pathogen replication, and tissue injury; pattern-recognition receptors such as TLRs, RIG-I-like receptors, NOD-like receptors, and inflammasomes detect microbial molecules and activate NF-κB, interferon, and cytokine responses. The central hypothesis is that infection severity reflects the balance between pathogen burden and host response: protective inflammation restricts pathogen growth, whereas excessive or mislocalized inflammation contributes to tissue damage and disease phenotype. Unresolved questions include which host pathways are protective versus pathogenic, why some infection models fail to translate to human disease, and which combined readouts best predict clinically relevant infection outcomes.
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Cell Viability Determination by MTT Colorimetric Assay
The following protocol uses the MTT colorimetric assay as a classic literature-established method for assessing cell viability/metabolic activity in cultured mammalian cells. MTT[3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] is reduced by metabolically active cells to a colored formazan product; the amount of formazan is quantified spectrophotometrically and provides an indirect measure of metabolically active viable cells. Importantly, MTT reduction reflects cellular oxidoreductase/metabolic activity rather than an absolute direct count of living cells, so changes in cellular metabolism can alter the signal independently of cell number.
Purity & Documentation
References
Calculators
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
Phenoxan Related Classifications
HY-N21815 Related Classifications
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Keywords
- Phenoxan
- 134332-63-1
- Cytochrome P450
- Reverse Transcriptase
- HIV
- Fungal
- cytochrome b
- HIV-1
- Triticum aestivum
- NADH: ubiquinone oxidoreductase
- human lymphoblastoid cell lines
- HIV-1 reverse transcriptase
- beef heart submitochondrial particles
- Moloney murine leukemia virus reverse transcriptase
- MT-4 cells
- Ustilago maydis
- Inhibitor
- inhibitor
- inhibit