Silybin B
Based on 1 Customer Validation
Silybin B (Silibinin B) is an orally active amyloid-β aggregation inhibitor and ATR pathway activator that can cross the blood-brain barrier. Silybin B inhibits Aβ fibril formation and promotes amorphous aggregate formation, while activating the ATR-mediated DNA damage repair pathway and inhibiting JNK/p38 MAPK signaling. Silybin B can reduce Cisplatin (HY-17394)-induced neuronal DNA damage and apoptosis. Silybin B has anti-oxidative stress, cell cycle regulation and neuroprotective activities. Silybin B is mainly used in the study of Alzheimer's disease and Cisplatin chemotherapy-related neurotoxicity.
Nur für Forschungszwecke. Wir verkaufen nicht an Patienten.
- Reinheit : 99.90%
- CAS. Nr.: 142797-34-0
- Formel: C25H22O10
- Molecular Weight:482.44
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Speicherung:Powder -20°C, 3 years , 4°C, 2 years ; In solvent -80°C, 6 months , -20°C, 1 month
Biologische Aktivität
Beschreibung
Cellular Effect
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Cell Line
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Type | Value | Description | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| B16-4A5 | IC50 |
>100 μM
Compound: 6
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Toxicity in mouse B16-4A5 cells assessed as inhibition of cell proliferation in presence of 1 mM theophylline after 72 hrs by WST8 dye reduction assay
Toxicity in mouse B16-4A5 cells assessed as inhibition of cell proliferation in presence of 1 mM theophylline after 72 hrs by WST8 dye reduction assay
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[PMID: 20189399] |
| DU-145 | IC50 |
61.8 μM
Compound: 1
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Antiproliferative activity against human DU145 cells after 72 hrs after ATPlite kit assay
Antiproliferative activity against human DU145 cells after 72 hrs after ATPlite kit assay
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[PMID: 23260576] |
| HEK293 | IC50 |
5 μM
Compound: Silybin B
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Inhibition of OATP1B3 (unknown origin) expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as reduction of [3H]estradiol-17beta-glucuronide uptake after 3 mins by beta-counting
Inhibition of OATP1B3 (unknown origin) expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as reduction of [3H]estradiol-17beta-glucuronide uptake after 3 mins by beta-counting
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[PMID: 23401473] |
| HEK293 | IC50 |
8.5 μM
Compound: Silybin B
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Inhibition of OATP1B1 (unknown origin) expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as reduction of [3H]estradiol-17beta-glucuronide uptake after 3 mins by beta-counting
Inhibition of OATP1B1 (unknown origin) expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as reduction of [3H]estradiol-17beta-glucuronide uptake after 3 mins by beta-counting
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[PMID: 23401473] |
| Huh-7 | IC50 |
40 μM
Compound: 1
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Antiviral activity against HCV JFH1 infected in human Huh7.5.1 cells assessed as reduction in viral proteins after 72 hrs post compound dose by Western blotting method
Antiviral activity against HCV JFH1 infected in human Huh7.5.1 cells assessed as reduction in viral proteins after 72 hrs post compound dose by Western blotting method
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[PMID: 23260576] |
| Huh-7 | IC50 |
56.2 μM
Compound: 1
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Antiproliferative activity against human Huh7.5.1 cells after 72 hrs after ATPlite kit assay
Antiproliferative activity against human Huh7.5.1 cells after 72 hrs after ATPlite kit assay
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[PMID: 23260576] |
| Huh-7 | IC50 |
68.7 μM
Compound: 3
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Cytotoxicity against human Huh7.5.1 cells after 72 hrs
Cytotoxicity against human Huh7.5.1 cells after 72 hrs
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[PMID: 23673225] |
| Huh7.5.1 | CC50 |
68.7 μM
Compound: 4
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Cytotoxicity against human Huh7.5.1 cells after 72 hrs by ATPlite assay
Cytotoxicity against human Huh7.5.1 cells after 72 hrs by ATPlite assay
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[PMID: 30485098] |
| HUVEC | IC50 |
6.49 μM
Compound: 1b, (2R,3R,10S,11S)
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Antiproliferative activity against HUVEC assessed as inhibition of cell growth after 3 days by MTT assay
Antiproliferative activity against HUVEC assessed as inhibition of cell growth after 3 days by MTT assay
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[PMID: 21928794] |
| HUVEC | IC50 |
60.47 μM
Compound: 1b, (2R,3R,10S,11S)
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Cytotoxicity against HUVEC assessed as cell viability after 16 hrs by MTT assay
Cytotoxicity against HUVEC assessed as cell viability after 16 hrs by MTT assay
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[PMID: 21928794] |
| LNCaP | IC50 |
69.6 μM
Compound: 1
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Antiproliferative activity against human LNCAP cells after 72 hrs after ATPlite kit assay
Antiproliferative activity against human LNCAP cells after 72 hrs after ATPlite kit assay
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[PMID: 23260576] |
| MDCK-II | IC50 |
0.8 μM
Compound: Silybin B
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Inhibition of OATP2B1 (unknown origin) expressed in MDCK2 cells assessed as reduction of [3H]estrone-3-sulfate uptake after 3 mins by beta-counting
Inhibition of OATP2B1 (unknown origin) expressed in MDCK2 cells assessed as reduction of [3H]estrone-3-sulfate uptake after 3 mins by beta-counting
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[PMID: 23401473] |
| PC-3 | IC50 |
60.5 μM
Compound: 1
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Antiproliferative activity against human PC3 cells after 72 hrs after ATPlite kit assay
Antiproliferative activity against human PC3 cells after 72 hrs after ATPlite kit assay
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[PMID: 23260576] |
In Vitro
Silybin B (4 μM; 24 h) inhibits amyloid fibril formation, promoted amorphous aggregate formation, and reduces ThT fluorescence intensity in 10 μM Aβ40 solution[1].
Silybin B (20, 40, 80 μM; 48 h) dose-dependently antagonizes the cytotoxicity of 10 μM Cisplatin (HY-17394), and increases HT22 cell viability, reduces cell arrest in the G2/M phase, reduces cell apoptosis, and increases cleaved-PARP protein expression[2].
Silybin B (20, 40, 80 μM; 24 h) inhibits protein phosphorylation in the JNK/p38 MAPK signaling pathway in HT22 cells, upregulates p-ATR protein expression and downregulates γ-H2AX levels, and alleviates DNA damage[2].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only. Further protocols information, click here.
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Cell Line:Murine hippocampal neuronal HT22 cells
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Concentration:20 μM, 40 μM, 80 μM
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Incubation Time:48 h
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Result:Dose-dependently increased cell viability in cisplatin (10 μM)-treated HT22 cells.
Compared to the cisplatin-alone group, cell viability increased from 30% to 60% (20 μM) and 70% (80 μM), indicating alleviation of cisplatin-induced cytotoxicity.
In Vivo
Silybin B (25, 50 mg/kg; gavage; once a day; 15 days) increases the antioxidant indexes of SOD, GSH, and T-AOC in the brain, reduces the level of LPO, and alleviates neuronal damage and apoptosis in the hippocampus in a Cisplatin (HY-17394)-induced mouse neurotoxicity model[2].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
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Animal Model:Male Balb/c mice (6-7 weeks old) with Cisplatin-induced neurotoxicity model[2]
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Dosage:25 mg/kg, 50 mg/kg
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Administration:Oral gavage, daily for 15 consecutive days, with a single intraperitoneal injection of Cisplatin (10 mg/kg) on day 10
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Result:Significantly improved motor coordination and learning memory in Cisplatin-treated mice, as evidenced by reduced escape latency in the Morris water maze and decreased time to descend the pole test.
I ncreased the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), reduced glutathione (GSH), and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) in brain tissue, while decreased lipid peroxidation (LPO) levels.
Chemical Information
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CAS. Nr. 142797-34-0
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Appearance Solid
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Molecular Weight 482.44
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Formel C25H22O10
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Color White to off-white
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SMILES
O=C1[C@H](O)[C@@H](C2=CC=C(O[C@@H](CO)[C@H](C3=CC=C(O)C(OC)=C3)O4)C4=C2)OC5=CC(O)=CC(O)=C15
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Synonyms
Silibinin B
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Structure Classification
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Versand
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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Speicherung
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month
Lösungsmittel & Löslichkeit
In Vitro:
DMSO : 250 mg/mL (518.20 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
Konzentration (Stammlösung) × Volumen (Stammlösung) = Konzentration (Ziellösung) × Volumen (Ziellösung)
In Vivo:
Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.
- For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
- To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
- The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline
Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (4.31 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.
Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)
Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (4.31 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.
Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:
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Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Please enter your animal formula composition:
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%DMSO +
Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
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%+
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+%Tween-80 + +
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%Saline +
The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL
Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL DMSO. Stock solution concentration: mg/mL.
1. Take μL DMSO stock solution;
2. Add μL .
μL , mix evenly;
3. Then add μL Tween 80, mix evenly;
4. Then add μL
Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
Protokoll
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Neurotoxicity Study
This protocol assesses in vitro neurotoxicity by combining neuronal viability, mitochondrial/metabolic activity, neurite outgrowth, and optional neuronal network function readouts. Calcein-AM or resazurin/PrestoBlue readouts estimate viable or metabolically active cells; βIII-tubulin immunofluorescence detects neuronal morphology and neurite networks; TMRE detects mitochondrial membrane potential; and MEA recordings detect functional changes in neuronal network activity.
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Apoptosis
Apoptosis, also called programmed cell death, is generally characterized by distinct morphological characteristics.
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TUNEL staining for apoptotic DNA fragmentation
TUNEL staining detects DNA strand breaks by using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase to add labeled nucleotides to exposed 3′-OH DNA termini, generating either microscopic staining in fixed cells or tissue sections, or fluorescence/cytometric signal in cell suspensions. TUNEL positivity reflects DNA fragmentation but should not be interpreted alone as definitive apoptosis, because TUNEL can also label necrotic, autolytic, mechanically damaged, or DNA-repair-associated DNA breaks.
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Flow cytometric DNA-content cell-cycle staining
Flow cytometric DNA-content cell-cycle staining measures the fluorescence intensity of DNA-bound fluorochromes in single cells or nuclei to estimate DNA content distributions, allowing assignment of populations to G0/G1, S, and G2/M phases by DNA histogram deconvolution. Propidium iodide (PI) intercalates into DNA, and PI fluorescence is proportional to cellular DNA content when staining is performed under conditions that make DNA accessible and minimize non-DNA signal. Cells with G2/M DNA content are expected to show approximately twice the fluorescence intensity of G0/G1 cells, while S-phase cells occupy intermediate fluorescence values. PI-based DNA-content analysis can also detect cells with fractional DNA content, often reported as sub-G1, when DNA fragmentation and extraction during staining reduce retained DNA signal in apoptotic cells. DAPI is an alternative DNA fluorochrome for univariate DNA-content analysis, while bivariate approaches combining DNA content with proliferation
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Annexin V plus membrane-impermeant dye apoptosis staining
Annexin V-based apoptosis assays rely on the detection of phosphatidylserine (PS) externalization from the inner leaflet of the plasma membrane to the outer leaflet, an early biochemical hallmark of apoptosis. Fluorescently labeled Annexin V binds PS in a calcium-dependent manner, enabling identification of early apoptotic cells by flow cytometry or fluorescence microscopy. When combined with a membrane-impermeant DNA-binding dye (e. g. , propidium iodide), this approach allows discrimination between viable (Annexin V−/dye−), early apoptotic (Annexin V+/dye−), and late apoptotic or necrotic (Annexin V+/dye+) cell populations by assessing membrane integrity and PS exposure.
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ROS/oxidative-stress fluorescent staining
ROS/oxidative-stress fluorescent staining uses cell-permeant fluorogenic probes that become fluorescent after oxidation inside cells or tissues; commonly used examples include DCFH-DA/DCFDA for broad cellular oxidant detection, DHE for superoxide-related signal detection, MitoSOX for mitochondrial superoxide-related signal detection, and CellROX probes for oxidative-stress-associated fluorescence readouts. The assay detects probe oxidation rather than a single ROS species unless the probe and analysis method have been chemically validated for that species. DCFH-DA enters cells, is deacetylated by intracellular esterases to DCFH, and produces fluorescent DCF after oxidation, so the readout is used as an operational measure of total cellular oxidative stress rather than a species-specific ROS measurement. DHE and MitoSOX can report superoxide-related oxidation, but red fluorescence alone can include non-specific ethidium-like oxidation products; HPLC or optimized spectral approaches are
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BrdU Incorporation Assay
Bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation assay is based on the principle that BrdU, a thymidine analog, is incorporated into newly synthesized DNA during the S phase of the cell cycle, thereby serving as a marker of DNA replication and cellular proliferation. Incorporated BrdU can be detected using anti-BrdU antibodies following DNA denaturation, enabling visualization or quantification of proliferating cells through immunochemical detection methods such as immunofluorescence or immunohistochemistry.
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Apoptosis Solutions
Apoptosis is a regulated, generally non-lytic cell-death pathway that removes unwanted, damaged, infected, or abnormal cells through coordinated morphological changes, caspase activation, DNA fragmentation, and membrane remodeling. The intrinsic apoptosis pathway is controlled mainly by mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization, BCL-2 family proteins, cytochrome c release, apoptosome formation, caspase-9 activation, and downstream executioner caspase-3/7 activation. The extrinsic apoptosis pathway is initiated by death receptors such as Fas, TNFR, and TRAIL receptors, which recruit adaptor proteins and activate caspase-8 before engaging executioner caspases or mitochondrial amplification through BID cleavage. Apoptosis is linked to many phenotypes, including cancer cell killing, tissue homeostasis, immune regulation, neurodegeneration, infection response, and treatment-induced cytotoxicity; unresolved questions include how apoptosis interacts with necroptosis, pyroptosis, ferroptos
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Protocol for Cell Cycle
Cell-cycle analysis by flow cytometry measures DNA content in single cells to estimate the fraction of cells in G0/G1, S, and G2/M phases. Propidium iodide intercalates into DNA, and after RNA removal with RNase, fluorescence intensity reflects cellular DNA content: 2N cells are assigned to G0/G1, cells between 2N and 4N to S phase, and 4N cells to G2/M. DNA-content analysis alone cannot reliably separate G0 from G1 or G2 from M. Ki-67 can distinguish quiescent G0 cells from cycling cells, EdU or BrdU incorporation marks active DNA synthesis in S phase, and phospho-histone H3 staining identifies mitotic cells within the 4N population.
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Amyloid: Congo Red Amyloid Staining
Congo red amyloid staining is a histochemical method used to detect extracellular amyloid deposits in tissue sections based on the affinity of Congo red dye for β-pleated sheet-rich protein aggregates. When bound to amyloid, Congo red produces characteristic apple-green birefringence under polarized light microscopy, which is widely regarded as a diagnostic feature of amyloid deposition in histopathology. The diagnostic principle relies on the combination of dye binding (congophilia) and optical anisotropy under polarized illumination, which distinguishes amyloid from most non-amyloid eosinophilic extracellular deposits in routine histological evaluation. Amyloid identification by Congo red staining remains a cornerstone in diagnostic pathology despite the availability of adjunct methods such as immunohistochemistry and mass spectrometry, particularly because of its ability to localize deposits directly within tissue architecture. The specificity of Congo red-positive deposits is incre
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Genotoxicity/Mutagenicity Study
The bacterial reverse mutation assay detects point mutations that restore amino-acid prototrophy in auxotrophic Salmonella typhimurium or Escherichia coli tester strains; after exposure to a test article, mutagenic activity is read out as an increased number of revertant colonies on minimal agar compared with the vehicle control. The assay uses tester strains with different mutation targets so that base-substitution and frameshift mutagens can be detected, and testing is performed with and without exogenous mammalian metabolic activation because some chemicals require biotransformation to become mutagenic.
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Alzheimer’s Disease Modeling
Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by a progressive decline in cognitive functions and loss of specific types of neurons and synapses. Alzheimer's symptoms can be simulated in mice by injecting drugs (such as Aβ) or genetically modified.
Reinheit & Dokumentation
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Data Sheet (278 KB)
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SDS (393 KB)
- English - EN (393 KB)
- Français - FR (393 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (393 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (393 KB)
- Español - ES (393 KB)
- Swedish - SV (393 KB)
- Italian - IT (393 KB)
- Korean - KR (393 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (393 KB)
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Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
Verweise
[1]. Sciacca MFM, et al. Inhibition of Aβ Amyloid Growth and Toxicity by Silybins: The Crucial Role of Stereochemistry. ACS Chem Neurosci. 2017 Aug 16;8(8):1767-1778. [Content Brief]
[2]. Wang XL, et al. Silybin B exerts protective effect on cisplatin-induced neurotoxicity by alleviating DNA damage and apoptosis. J Ethnopharmacol. 2022 Apr 24;288:114938. [Content Brief]
Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
| Optional Solvent | Concentration Solvent Mass | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | 25 mg |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DMSO | 1 mM | 2.0728 mL | 10.3640 mL | 20.7280 mL | 51.8199 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.4146 mL | 2.0728 mL | 4.1456 mL | 10.3640 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2073 mL | 1.0364 mL | 2.0728 mL | 5.1820 mL | |
| 15 mM | 0.1382 mL | 0.6909 mL | 1.3819 mL | 3.4547 mL | |
| 20 mM | 0.1036 mL | 0.5182 mL | 1.0364 mL | 2.5910 mL | |
| 25 mM | 0.0829 mL | 0.4146 mL | 0.8291 mL | 2.0728 mL | |
| 30 mM | 0.0691 mL | 0.3455 mL | 0.6909 mL | 1.7273 mL | |
| 40 mM | 0.0518 mL | 0.2591 mL | 0.5182 mL | 1.2955 mL | |
| 50 mM | 0.0415 mL | 0.2073 mL | 0.4146 mL | 1.0364 mL | |
| 60 mM | 0.0345 mL | 0.1727 mL | 0.3455 mL | 0.8637 mL | |
| 80 mM | 0.0259 mL | 0.1295 mL | 0.2591 mL | 0.6477 mL | |
| 100 mM | 0.0207 mL | 0.1036 mL | 0.2073 mL | 0.5182 mL |