2,2'-Thiodiacetic acid
Based on 1 Customer Validation
2,2'-Thiodiacetic acid (Thiodiglycolic acid) is a metabolite of the anticancer agent Ifosfamide (HY-17419). 2,2'-Thiodiacetic acid is also a biomarker of vinyl chloride monomer exposure in urine. 2,2'-Thiodiacetic acid increases the DNA damage response markers γH2AX, pCHK1, and pATR. 2,2'-Thiodiacetic acid induces Mitochondrial dysfunction. 2,2'-Thiodiacetic acid can be used in research on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.
For research use only. We do not sell to patients.
- Purity : 99.90%
- CAS No.: 123-93-3
- Formula: C4H6O4S
- Molecular Weight:150.15
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Storage:
Store at room temperature 3 years.
In solvent -80°C, 2 years , -20°C, 1 year
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Tel: 609-228-6898 E-mail: [email protected] [email protected]
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Biological Activity
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Chemical Information
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Solvent & Solubility
- Protocols
- Purity & Documentation
- References
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Help & FAQs
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Biological Activity
Description
IC50 & Target
[2]|
Chk1 |
ATR |
In Vitro
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
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Cell Line:HepG2 cells
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Concentration:1, 10, 20, and 50 µM
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Incubation Time:4 h
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Result:Increased γH2AX, pCHK1, and pATR levels relative to control at 1, 10, 20, and 50 µM.
Western blot and densitometry showed activation of the DNA damage response.
In Vivo
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Chemical Information
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CAS No. 123-93-3
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Appearance Solid
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Molecular Weight 150.15
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Formula C4H6O4S
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Color White to off-white
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SMILES
O=C(O)CSCC(=O)O
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Synonyms
Thiodiglycolic acid
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Shipping
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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Storage
Store at room temperature 3 years
In solvent -80°C 2 years -20°C 1 year
Solvent & Solubility
In Vitro:
DMSO : 100 mg/mL (666.00 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
In Vivo:
Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.
- For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
- To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
- The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline
Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (16.65 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.
Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)
Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (16.65 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.
Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:
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Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Please enter your animal formula composition:
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%DMSO +
Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
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%+
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+%Tween-80 + +
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%Saline +
The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL
Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL DMSO. Stock solution concentration: mg/mL.
1. Take μL DMSO stock solution;
2. Add μL .
μL , mix evenly;
3. Then add μL Tween 80, mix evenly;
4. Then add μL
Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
Purity & Documentation
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Data Sheet (274 KB)
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SDS (477 KB)
- English - EN (477 KB)
- Français - FR (477 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (477 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (477 KB)
- Español - ES (477 KB)
- Swedish - SV (477 KB)
- Italian - IT (477 KB)
- Korean - KR (477 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (477 KB)
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Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References
[1]. Wang CW, et al. Urinary thiodiglycolic acid is associated with increased risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in children living near a petrochemical complex. Environment international. 2019 Oct;131:104978. [Content Brief]
[2]. Hakulinen H, et al. Detection of degradation products of chemical warfare agents in Halabja soil: In vitro genotoxicity and effects in exposed humans. Journal of hazardous materials. 2026 Oct 10;518:143882. [Content Brief]
[3]. Haynes EN, et al. Urinary Metabolites of Volatile Organic Compounds in a Subset of East Palestine, Ohio Residents Five Months Following the Train Derailment Disaster. Environmental science & technology. 2026 Sep 29;60(38):26953-26960. [Content Brief]
[4]. Kalkenari FA, et al. Evaluation of thiodiglycolic acid as a urinary biomarker for exposure to vinyl chloride monomer: Development and analytical validation of a colorimetric method based on metal-organic frameworks. Journal of occupational and environmental hygiene. 2026 Sep 15. [Content Brief]
[5]. Visarius TM, et al. Thiodiglycolic acid is excreted by humans receiving ifosfamide and inhibits mitochondrial function in rats. Drug Metab Dispos. 1998 Mar;26(3):193-6. [Content Brief]
Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.
| Optional Solvent | Concentration Solvent Mass | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | 25 mg |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DMSO | 1 mM | 6.6600 mL | 33.3000 mL | 66.6001 mL | 166.5002 mL |
| 5 mM | 1.3320 mL | 6.6600 mL | 13.3200 mL | 33.3000 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.6660 mL | 3.3300 mL | 6.6600 mL | 16.6500 mL | |
| 15 mM | 0.4440 mL | 2.2200 mL | 4.4400 mL | 11.1000 mL | |
| 20 mM | 0.3330 mL | 1.6650 mL | 3.3300 mL | 8.3250 mL | |
| 25 mM | 0.2664 mL | 1.3320 mL | 2.6640 mL | 6.6600 mL | |
| 30 mM | 0.2220 mL | 1.1100 mL | 2.2200 mL | 5.5500 mL | |
| 40 mM | 0.1665 mL | 0.8325 mL | 1.6650 mL | 4.1625 mL | |
| 50 mM | 0.1332 mL | 0.6660 mL | 1.3320 mL | 3.3300 mL | |
| 60 mM | 0.1110 mL | 0.5550 mL | 1.1100 mL | 2.7750 mL | |
| 80 mM | 0.0833 mL | 0.4163 mL | 0.8325 mL | 2.0813 mL | |
| 100 mM | 0.0666 mL | 0.3330 mL | 0.6660 mL | 1.6650 mL |
2,2'-Thiodiacetic acid Related Classifications
HY-W012583 Related Classifications
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Keywords
- 2,2'-Thiodiacetic acid
- 123-93-3
- Thiodiglycolic acid
- DNA/RNA Synthesis
- Checkpoint Kinase (Chk)
- ATM/ATR
- Drug Metabolite
- Mitochondrial Metabolism
- Ataxia telangiectasia mutated
- ATM and RAD3 related
- DNA damage response signaling
- HepG2 cells
- genotoxic stress
- hepatic cells
- non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
- occupational vinyl chloride dose
- oxidative urinary excretion product
- peroxidase-like nanozyme activity
- sulfur mustard
- urinary vinyl chloride monomer exposure biomarker
- Inhibitor
- inhibitor
- inhibit