7,8-Dihydroneopterin
Based on 1 Customer Validation
7,8-Dihydroneopterin, an inflammation marker, induces cellular apoptosis in astrocytes and neurons via enhancement of nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression. 7,8-Dihydroneopterin can be used in the research of neurodegenerative diseases.
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- Purity : 97.2%
- CAS No.: 1218-98-0
- 화학식: C9H13N5O4
- 분자량:255.23
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보관:Powder -20°C, 3 years ; In solvent -80°C, 6 months , -20°C, 1 month
To place orders, for customer services and technical support, please contact: MedChemExpress USA
Tel: 609-228-6898 E-mail: [email protected] [email protected]
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Biological Activity
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Chemical Information
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용액&용해도
- Protocol
- 순도&문서
- References
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Help & FAQs
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HY-W008646
7,8-Dihydro-L-biopterinNOS Uncoupling Inducer -
HY-102015
6-BiopterinNO Synthase Cofactor -
HY-N0455
L-ArginineeNOS Substrate -
HY-136341R
7,8-Dihydroneopterin (Standard)Apoptosis Inducer -
HY-N0455R
L-Arginine (Standard)eNOS Substrate -
HY-N0455A
L-Arginine hydrochlorideNitrogen Donor -
HY-W011845
DMBA -
HY-W013372
7,8-Dihydroxyflavone -
HY-N0455AR
L-Arginine hydrochloride (Standard)Nitrogen Donor -
HY-18731
1400W DihydrochlorideNO Synthase Inhibitor -
HY-N7864
Osbond acidFatty acid -
HY-W008646R
7,8-Dihydro-L-biopterin (Standard)
All Endogenous Metabolite Isoforms
More
Biological Activity
제품 설명
IC50 & Target
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iNOS |
Human Endogenous Metabolite |
In Vitro
7,8-Dihydroneopterin is a heterocyclic pteridine which produced and secreted by monocytes/macrophages upon stimulation with the cytokine interferon-y (IFN-y)[1].
7,8-Dihydroneopterin (0.1, 0.5, 1, 2.5, 5 mM; 2 days and 5 days) inhibits growth of U373MG astroeytes[1] .
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only. Further protocols information, click here.
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Cell Line:Astrocytic cell line U373MG
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Concentration:0.1, 0.5, 1, 2.5, 5 mM
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Incubation Time:2 days and 5 days
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Result:After 2 days of treatment, a significantly lower cell number was observed for those cells treated with 5 mM and 2.5 mM.
After incubation for 5 days concentrations of 1-5 mM completely abrogated acid phosphatase activity to background level found for complete cell culture medium.
A significant cell growth inhibition was also visible for the cells incubated with 0.5 mM, whereas 0.1 mM did not alter cell growth.
Chemical Information
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CAS No. 1218-98-0
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Appearance Solid
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분자량 255.23
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화학식 C9H13N5O4
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Color Light yellow to yellow
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SMILES
O=C1NC(N)=NC2=C1N=C([C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO)CN2
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Structure Classification
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Initial Source
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선적
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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보관
Powder -20°C 3 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month
용액&용해도
In Vitro:
DMSO : 250 mg/mL (979.51 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
In Vivo:
Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.
- For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
- To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
- The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline
Solubility: ≥ 6.25 mg/mL (24.49 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 6.25 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (62.5 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.
Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)
Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (8.15 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.
Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:
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Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Please enter your animal formula composition:
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%DMSO +
Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
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%+
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+%Tween-80 + +
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%Saline +
The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL
Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL DMSO. Stock solution concentration: mg/mL.
1. Take μL DMSO stock solution;
2. Add μL .
μL , mix evenly;
3. Then add μL Tween 80, mix evenly;
4. Then add μL
Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
Protocol
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RNA extraction experimental
By lysing cells, releasing RNA, and removing impurities such as proteins and DNA, high-purity RNA products are finally obtained. The commonly used traditional method is the guanidine isothiocyanate/phenol/chloroform method (Trizol), which is suitable for a variety of animal materials including animal tissues, microorganisms, cultured cells, etc., and most plant materials.
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Detection of Apoptosis
Apoptosis, also called programmed cell death, is generally characterized by distinct morphological characteristics.
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TUNEL staining for apoptotic DNA fragmentation
TUNEL staining detects DNA strand breaks by using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase to add labeled nucleotides to exposed 3′-OH DNA termini, generating either microscopic staining in fixed cells or tissue sections, or fluorescence/cytometric signal in cell suspensions. TUNEL positivity reflects DNA fragmentation but should not be interpreted alone as definitive apoptosis, because TUNEL can also label necrotic, autolytic, mechanically damaged, or DNA-repair-associated DNA breaks.
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Annexin V plus membrane-impermeant dye apoptosis staining
Annexin V-based apoptosis assays rely on the detection of phosphatidylserine (PS) externalization from the inner leaflet of the plasma membrane to the outer leaflet, an early biochemical hallmark of apoptosis. Fluorescently labeled Annexin V binds PS in a calcium-dependent manner, enabling identification of early apoptotic cells by flow cytometry or fluorescence microscopy. When combined with a membrane-impermeant DNA-binding dye (e. g. , propidium iodide), this approach allows discrimination between viable (Annexin V−/dye−), early apoptotic (Annexin V+/dye−), and late apoptotic or necrotic (Annexin V+/dye+) cell populations by assessing membrane integrity and PS exposure.
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Apoptosis Solutions
Apoptosis is a regulated, generally non-lytic cell-death pathway that removes unwanted, damaged, infected, or abnormal cells through coordinated morphological changes, caspase activation, DNA fragmentation, and membrane remodeling. The intrinsic apoptosis pathway is controlled mainly by mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization, BCL-2 family proteins, cytochrome c release, apoptosome formation, caspase-9 activation, and downstream executioner caspase-3/7 activation. The extrinsic apoptosis pathway is initiated by death receptors such as Fas, TNFR, and TRAIL receptors, which recruit adaptor proteins and activate caspase-8 before engaging executioner caspases or mitochondrial amplification through BID cleavage. Apoptosis is linked to many phenotypes, including cancer cell killing, tissue homeostasis, immune regulation, neurodegeneration, infection response, and treatment-induced cytotoxicity; unresolved questions include how apoptosis interacts with necroptosis, pyroptosis, ferroptos
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Research Protocol for Inflammation-related Diseases
The NLRP3 inflammasome is a cytosolic innate immune signaling platform that integrates priming signals and danger-signal activation to promote caspase-1 activation, maturation of IL-1β and IL-18, and gasdermin D-mediated pyroptotic cell death. The core experimental logic is to determine whether inflammatory disease phenotypes are driven by increased NLRP3 expression, ASC-containing inflammasome assembly, caspase-1 cleavage, GSDMD cleavage, and extracellular release of IL-1β/IL-18 rather than by nonspecific cell injury alone. The pathway is strongly linked to inflammation-related disease phenotypes because monosodium urate crystals activate NALP3/NLRP3 inflammasome signaling in gout-like crystal inflammation, cholesterol crystals activate NLRP3 inflammasomes in atherogenesis models, and DSS-induced intestinal inflammation has been reported to involve NLRP3 inflammasome activity. However, experimental colitis studies also show context-dependent protective effects of NLRP3 inflammasome co
순도&문서
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Data Sheet (273 KB)
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SDS (393 KB)
- English - EN (393 KB)
- Français - FR (393 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (393 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (393 KB)
- Español - ES (393 KB)
- Swedish - SV (393 KB)
- Italian - IT (393 KB)
- Korean - KR (393 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (393 KB)
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Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References
Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
| Optional Solvent | Concentration Solvent Mass | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | 25 mg |
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| DMSO | 1 mM | 3.9180 mL | 19.5902 mL | 39.1803 mL | 97.9509 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.7836 mL | 3.9180 mL | 7.8361 mL | 19.5902 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.3918 mL | 1.9590 mL | 3.9180 mL | 9.7951 mL | |
| 15 mM | 0.2612 mL | 1.3060 mL | 2.6120 mL | 6.5301 mL | |
| 20 mM | 0.1959 mL | 0.9795 mL | 1.9590 mL | 4.8975 mL | |
| 25 mM | 0.1567 mL | 0.7836 mL | 1.5672 mL | 3.9180 mL | |
| 30 mM | 0.1306 mL | 0.6530 mL | 1.3060 mL | 3.2650 mL | |
| 40 mM | 0.0980 mL | 0.4898 mL | 0.9795 mL | 2.4488 mL | |
| 50 mM | 0.0784 mL | 0.3918 mL | 0.7836 mL | 1.9590 mL | |
| 60 mM | 0.0653 mL | 0.3265 mL | 0.6530 mL | 1.6325 mL | |
| 80 mM | 0.0490 mL | 0.2449 mL | 0.4898 mL | 1.2244 mL | |
| 100 mM | 0.0392 mL | 0.1959 mL | 0.3918 mL | 0.9795 mL |
7,8-Dihydroneopterin Related Classifications
HY-136341 Related Classifications
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