Isovalerylcarnitine
Based on 1 Customer Validation
Isovalerylcarnitine is a metabolite of leucine. Isovalerylcarnitine can specifically activate calpain in human neutrophils. Isovalerylcarnitine inhibits tumor cell proliferation and induces apoptosis. Elevated circulating levels of Isovalerylcarnitine are negatively correlated with reduced lung cancer risk.
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- Pureté: 99.91%
- CAS No.: 31023-24-2
- Formule: C12H23NO4
- Masse moléculaire:245.32
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Stockage:
4°C, sealed storage, away from moisture
* In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture)
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Activité biologique
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Chemical Information
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Solvant et solubilité
- Pureté et documentation
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Activité biologique
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Human Endogenous Metabolite |
Isovalerylcarnitine is a selective activator of calpain, which can induce cell apoptosis[1].
Isovalerylcarnitine exhibits pro-apoptotic activity, enhances cellular phagocytosis and cytotoxicity, and inhibits cell proliferation in U937 leukemic cells[3].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Chemical Information
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CAS No. 31023-24-2
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Appearance Solid
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Masse moléculaire 245.32
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Formule C12H23NO4
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Color White to off-white
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SMILES
CC(C)CC(O[C@H](CC([O-])=O)C[N+](C)(C)C)=O
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Structure Classification
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Initial Source
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Livraison
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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Stockage
4°C, sealed storage, away from moisture
* In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture)
Solvant et solubilité
DMSO : 150 mg/mL (611.45 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.
- For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
- To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
- The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline
Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (8.48 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.
Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)
Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (8.48 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.
Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:
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Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Please enter your animal formula composition:
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%DMSO +
Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
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%+
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+%Tween-80 + +
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%Saline +
The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL
Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL DMSO. Stock solution concentration: mg/mL. * In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture)
1. Take μL DMSO stock solution;
2. Add μL .
μL , mix evenly;
3. Then add μL Tween 80, mix evenly;
4. Then add μL
Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
Pureté et documentation
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Fiche technique (289 KB)
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SDS (251 KB)
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Instruction de manipulation (2659 KB)
Références
[1]. Smith-Byrne K, et al. Circulating Isovalerylcarnitine and Lung Cancer Risk: Evidence from Mendelian Randomization and Prediagnostic Blood Measurements. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2022;31(10):1966-1974. [Content Brief]
[2]. Pontremoli S, et al. Isovalerylcarnitine is a specific activator of calpain of human neutrophils. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1987;148(3):1189-1195. [Content Brief]
[3]. Ferrara F, et al. Evaluation of carnitine, acetylcarnitine and isovalerylcarnitine on immune function and apoptosis. Drugs Exp Clin Res. 2005;31(3):109-14. [Content Brief]
Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
| Optional Solvent | Concentration Solvent Mass | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | 25 mg |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DMSO | 1 mM | 4.0763 mL | 20.3815 mL | 40.7631 mL | 101.9077 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.8153 mL | 4.0763 mL | 8.1526 mL | 20.3815 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.4076 mL | 2.0382 mL | 4.0763 mL | 10.1908 mL | |
| 15 mM | 0.2718 mL | 1.3588 mL | 2.7175 mL | 6.7938 mL | |
| 20 mM | 0.2038 mL | 1.0191 mL | 2.0382 mL | 5.0954 mL | |
| 25 mM | 0.1631 mL | 0.8153 mL | 1.6305 mL | 4.0763 mL | |
| 30 mM | 0.1359 mL | 0.6794 mL | 1.3588 mL | 3.3969 mL | |
| 40 mM | 0.1019 mL | 0.5095 mL | 1.0191 mL | 2.5477 mL | |
| 50 mM | 0.0815 mL | 0.4076 mL | 0.8153 mL | 2.0382 mL | |
| 60 mM | 0.0679 mL | 0.3397 mL | 0.6794 mL | 1.6985 mL | |
| 80 mM | 0.0510 mL | 0.2548 mL | 0.5095 mL | 1.2738 mL | |
| 100 mM | 0.0408 mL | 0.2038 mL | 0.4076 mL | 1.0191 mL |
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