Cat. No.: HY-13523

PAC-1

Name: PAC-1
Brand: MedChemExpress
SKU: HY-13523
Price: 34.00 USD
Availability: InStock
Rating: 5 (7 reviews)

(Synonyms: Procaspase activating compound 1)

7 Cited Publications

Customer Review

Based on 7 publication(s) in Google Scholar

PAC-1 is a procaspase-3 activator that induces apoptosis in cancer cells with an EC₅₀ of 2.08 μM.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

Purity : 99.88%
CAS No.: 315183-21-2
Formula: C₂₃H₂₈N₄O₂
Molecular Weight:392.49

Storage:

Powder -20°C, 3 years , 4°C, 2 years ; In solvent -80°C, 2 years , -20°C, 1 year

PAC-1 Chemical Structure

CAS No.: 315183-21-2

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Top Publications Citing

Use of MCE Products

Fluorescent Dye

Strong Fluorescence Signal / Multi-Disciplinary Applications / High Fluorescence Specificity

Biological Activity
- Description
- IC₅₀ & Target
- Cellular Effect
- In Vitro
- In Vivo
- Clinical Trial
Chemical Information
Publications (7)
Solvent & Solubility
- In Vitro
- In Vivo
Protocols (4)
Purity & Documentation
References
Help & FAQs
Classifications
Bioz

Biological Activity

Description

PAC-1 is a procaspase-3 activator that induces apoptosis in cancer cells with an EC₅₀ of 2.08 μM.

IC₅₀ & Target

^[1]

Procaspase-3

2.08 μM (EC₅₀)

All Caspase Isoforms :

Cellular Effect

Cell Line	Type	Value	Description	References
A549	IC₅₀	2.51 μM Compound: PAC-1	Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 25874341]
B16-F10	IC₅₀	>100 μM Compound: 1, PAC-1	Activation of procaspase-3-mediated human B16-F10 cell death after 24 hrs by MTS/PMS assay Activation of procaspase-3-mediated human B16-F10 cell death after 24 hrs by MTS/PMS assay	[PMID: 16936720]
BT-549	IC₅₀	14.3 μM Compound: 19	Cytotoxicity against Smac mimetic-resistant human BT549 cells assessed as growth inhibition after 24 hrs by CellTiter-Glo assay Cytotoxicity against Smac mimetic-resistant human BT549 cells assessed as growth inhibition after 24 hrs by CellTiter-Glo assay	[PMID: 27578248]
Cancer cell lines	IC₅₀	0.003 μM Compound: 1, PAC-1	Cytotoxicity against human colon cancer cells after 24 hrs by MTS/PMS assay Cytotoxicity against human colon cancer cells after 24 hrs by MTS/PMS assay	[PMID: 16936720]
Colon cell	IC₅₀	5.02 μM Compound: 1, PAC-1	Cytotoxicity against human colon cells after 24 hrs by MTS/PMS assay Cytotoxicity against human colon cells after 24 hrs by MTS/PMS assay	[PMID: 16936720]
EL4	IC₅₀	6.5 μM Compound: 1, PAC-1	Cytotoxicity against mouse EL4 cells assessed as cell death after 72 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay Cytotoxicity against mouse EL4 cells assessed as cell death after 72 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay	[PMID: 25856364]
HL-60	IC₅₀	0.92 μM Compound: 1, PAC-1	Activation of procaspase-3-mediated human HL60 cell death after 72 hrs by MTS/PMS assay Activation of procaspase-3-mediated human HL60 cell death after 72 hrs by MTS/PMS assay	[PMID: 16936720]
HL-60	IC₅₀	0.92 μM Compound: 38; PAC-1	Antitumor activity against human HL-60 cells assessed as cell growth inhibition Antitumor activity against human HL-60 cells assessed as cell growth inhibition	[PMID: 36858050]
Hs-578T	IC₅₀	>100 μM Compound: 1, PAC-1	Activation of procaspase-3-mediated human Hs 578T cell death after 24 hrs by MTS/PMS assay Activation of procaspase-3-mediated human Hs 578T cell death after 24 hrs by MTS/PMS assay	[PMID: 16936720]
HT-29	IC₅₀	0.83 μM Compound: 7, PAC-1	Cytotoxicity against human HT-29 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human HT-29 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 23838381]
HT-29	IC₅₀	0.83 μM Compound: 8; PAC-1	Cytotoxicity against human HT-29 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human HT-29 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 26897090]
HT-29	IC₅₀	0.97 μM Compound: 5, PAC-1	Cytotoxicity against human HT-29 cells assessed as growth inhibition after 72 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human HT-29 cells assessed as growth inhibition after 72 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 23059545]
HT-29	IC₅₀	1.02 μM Compound: PAC-1	Cytotoxicity against human HT-29 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human HT-29 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 25874341]
HT-29	IC₅₀	1.36 μM Compound: PAC-1	Antiproliferative activity against human HT-29 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay Antiproliferative activity against human HT-29 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 25171780]
Jurkat	IC₅₀	4.4 μM Compound: 1, PAC-1	Cytotoxicity against human Jurkat cells assessed as cell death after 72 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay Cytotoxicity against human Jurkat cells assessed as cell death after 72 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay	[PMID: 25856364]
KE-37	IC₅₀	241.66 nM Compound: PAC-1	Anticancer activity against human KE-37 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability Anticancer activity against human KE-37 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability	[PMID: 33774345]
MCF-10A	IC₅₀	3.2 μM Compound: 1, PAC-1	Activation of procaspase-3-mediated human MCF-10A cell death after 72 hrs by MTS/PMS assay Activation of procaspase-3-mediated human MCF-10A cell death after 72 hrs by MTS/PMS assay	[PMID: 16936720]
MCF7	IC₅₀	>40 μM Compound: PAC-1	Antiproliferative activity against human MCF7 cells after 24 hrs by CCK-8 assay Antiproliferative activity against human MCF7 cells after 24 hrs by CCK-8 assay	[PMID: 31015910]
MCF7	IC₅₀	>75 μM Compound: 1, PAC-1	Activation of procaspase-3 in human MCF-7 cells assessed as cell death after 72 hrs Activation of procaspase-3 in human MCF-7 cells assessed as cell death after 72 hrs	[PMID: 16936720]
MCF7	IC₅₀	>75 μM Compound: 38; PAC-1	Antitumor activity against human MCF7 cells assessed as cell growth inhibition Antitumor activity against human MCF7 cells assessed as cell growth inhibition	[PMID: 36858050]
MDA-MB-231	IC₅₀	3.2 μM Compound: PAC-1	Cytotoxicity against human MDA-MB-231 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human MDA-MB-231 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 25874341]
MDA-MB-231	IC₅₀	4.6 μM Compound: 7, PAC-1	Cytotoxicity against human MDA-MB-231 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human MDA-MB-231 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 23838381]
MDA-MB-231	IC₅₀	4.6 μM Compound: 8; PAC-1	Cytotoxicity against human MDA-MB-231 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human MDA-MB-231 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 26897090]
MDA-MB-231	IC₅₀	4.7 μM Compound: 19	Cytotoxicity against Smac mimetic-sensitive human MDA-MB-231 cells assessed as growth inhibition after 24 hrs by CellTiter-Glo assay Cytotoxicity against Smac mimetic-sensitive human MDA-MB-231 cells assessed as growth inhibition after 24 hrs by CellTiter-Glo assay	[PMID: 27578248]
MDA-MB-231	IC₅₀	4.8 μM Compound: PAC-1	Antiproliferative activity against human MDA-MB-435 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay Antiproliferative activity against human MDA-MB-435 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 25171780]
MDA-MB-231	IC₅₀	6.11 μM Compound: 5, PAC-1	Cytotoxicity against human MDA-MB-231 cells assessed as growth inhibition after 72 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human MDA-MB-231 cells assessed as growth inhibition after 72 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 23059545]
MDA-MB-453	IC₅₀	2 μM Compound: 19	Cytotoxicity against Smac mimetic-resistant human MDA-MB-453 cells assessed as growth inhibition after 24 hrs by CellTiter-Glo assay Cytotoxicity against Smac mimetic-resistant human MDA-MB-453 cells assessed as growth inhibition after 24 hrs by CellTiter-Glo assay	[PMID: 27578248]
MKN-45	IC₅₀	0.82 μM Compound: 7, PAC-1	Cytotoxicity against human MKN45 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human MKN45 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 23838381]
MKN-45	IC₅₀	0.82 μM Compound: 8; PAC-1	Cytotoxicity against human MKN45 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human MKN45 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 26897090]
MKN-45	IC₅₀	2.61 μM Compound: PAC-1	Antiproliferative activity against human MKN45 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay Antiproliferative activity against human MKN45 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 25171780]
NCI-H226	IC₅₀	0.35 μM Compound: 1, PAC-1	Activation of procaspase-3-mediated human NCI-H226 cell death after 24 hrs by MTS/PMS assay Activation of procaspase-3-mediated human NCI-H226 cell death after 24 hrs by MTS/PMS assay	[PMID: 16936720]
NCI-H226	IC₅₀	0.35 μM Compound: 38; PAC-1	Antitumor activity against human NCI-H226 cells assessed as cell growth inhibition Antitumor activity against human NCI-H226 cells assessed as cell growth inhibition	[PMID: 36858050]
NCI-H226	IC₅₀	1.02 μM Compound: PAC-1	Antiproliferative activity against human NCI-H226 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay Antiproliferative activity against human NCI-H226 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 25171780]
NCI-H446	IC₅₀	2326.69 μM Compound: PAC-1	Anticancer activity against human NCI-H446 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability Anticancer activity against human NCI-H446 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability	[PMID: 33774345]
NCI-H460	IC₅₀	1.25 μM Compound: PAC-1	Cytotoxicity against human H460 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human H460 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 25874341]
NCI-H460	IC₅₀	3.57 μM Compound: 5, PAC-1	Cytotoxicity against human H460 cells assessed as growth inhibition after 72 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human H460 cells assessed as growth inhibition after 72 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 23059545]
PBL	IC₅₀	123.81 μM Compound: 8; PAC-1	Cytotoxicity against human PBL cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human PBL cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 26897090]
PC-12	EC₅₀	122 μM Compound: 2, PAC-1	Induction of apoptosis in rat PC12 cells after 24 hrs by trypan blue exclusion assay Induction of apoptosis in rat PC12 cells after 24 hrs by trypan blue exclusion assay	[PMID: 23859779]
SK-N-SH	IC₅₀	3.06 μM Compound: PAC-1	Antiproliferative activity against human SK-N-SH cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay Antiproliferative activity against human SK-N-SH cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 25171780]
U-937	IC₅₀	10.2 μM Compound: 1, PAC-1	Cytotoxicity against human U937 cells assessed as cell death after 72 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay Cytotoxicity against human U937 cells assessed as cell death after 72 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay	[PMID: 25856364]
U-937	IC₅₀	4.8 μM Compound: 1, PAC-1	Cytotoxicity against human U937 cells after 72 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay Cytotoxicity against human U937 cells after 72 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay	[PMID: 19708658]
U-937	IC₅₀	6 μM Compound: PAC-1	Antiproliferative activity against human procaspase-3 over-expressing U937 cells after 24 hrs by CCK-8 assay Antiproliferative activity against human procaspase-3 over-expressing U937 cells after 24 hrs by CCK-8 assay	[PMID: 31015910]
UACC-62	IC₅₀	>100 μM Compound: 1, PAC-1	Activation of procaspase-3-mediated human UACC62 cell death after 24 hrs by MTS/PMS assay Activation of procaspase-3-mediated human UACC62 cell death after 24 hrs by MTS/PMS assay	[PMID: 16936720]

In Vitro

PAC-1 activates procaspase-3 with an EC₅₀ of 2.08 μM. PAC-1 exhibits an enhanced zinc chelating ability (EC₅₀= 7.08 μM). PAC-1 induces leukemia cell death with IC₅₀ of 4.03 μM, which is consistent with the values reported by other investigators. PAC-1 treatment also results in death of other malignant cells in a concentration-dependent manner with IC₅₀s ranging from 4.03 to 53.44μM. The overall mean IC₅₀ in the fifteen malignant cell lines is 0.88 mM for WF-210 and 19.40 μM for PAC-1. In contrast, the sensitivity of the normal human cells (PBL, L-02, HUVEC and MCF 10A) to WF-210 is 2.6-fold lower (mean IC₅₀=412.34 μM) than PAC-1 (mean IC₅₀=158.29 μM)^[1]. Procaspase-activating compound-1 (PAC-1) is the first direct caspase-activating compound discovered. PAC-1 treatment upregulates Ero1α in multiple cell lines, whereas silencing of Ero1α significantly inhibits calcium release from ER and cell death^[2].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only. Further protocols information, click here.

In Vivo

To evaluate the in vivo effect of WF-210 on the growth of malignant tumors, we examined the ability of WF-210 to suppress tumor growth in mouse Hep3B and MDA-MB-435 xenograft models. These two cell lines express procaspase-3 at relatively high levels. Tumors induced by xenografts of the liver cancer cell Hep3B are allowed to develop and grow to a size of 100 mm³, after which WF-210 (2.5 mg/kg) or PAC-1 (5.0 mg/kg) is given daily for two weeks by intravenous (i.v.) administration. As shown in both PAC-1 and WF-210 significantly inhibits the growth of Hep3B tumor xenografts^[1].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Clinical Trial

NCT Number	Sponsor	Condition	Start Date	Phase A549
NCT01329991	Plexxikon\|		2011-05	PHASE1

Chemical Information

CAS No. 315183-21-2
Appearance Solid
Molecular Weight 392.49
Formula C₂₃H₂₈N₄O₂
Color White to yellow
SMILES

O=C(N/N=C/C1=CC=CC(CC=C)=C1O)CN2CCN(CC3=CC=CC=C3)CC2
Synonyms

Procaspase activating compound 1
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

Storage

Powder	-20°C	3 years
	4°C	2 years
In solvent	-80°C	2 years
	-20°C	1 year

Publications (7)

All Apoptosis AnalysisCell Imaging/StainingMicrobiological AssayBio/Physico-chemical AssayWB

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Journal Impact Factor

Free Radic Biol Med

2026 Feb 16:244:452-463. PMID: 41422996

PAC-1 purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Free Radic Biol Med. 2026 Feb 16:244:452-463.

Intracellular ROS in HepaRG cells treated with PAC-1 (5-50 μM; 12 h) was visualized and quantified using DHE fluorescence imaging. PAC-1 increased ROS levels in a dose-dependent manner.

PAC-1 purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Free Radic Biol Med. 2026 Feb 16:244:452-463.

Caspase-3 activity was measured in HepaRG cells treated with PAC-1 (5-50 μM; 12 h). PAC-1 increased caspase-3 activity in a dose-dependent manner.
Mol Cancer Ther

Discovery of New Targets to Control Metastasis in Pancreatic Cancer by Single-cell Transcriptomics Analysis of Circulating Tumor Cells. [Abstract]

2020 Aug;19(8):1751-1760. PMID: 32499301
Cell Mol Life Sci

Suppression of Skp2 contributes to sepsis-induced acute lung injury by enhancing ferroptosis through the ubiquitination of SLC3A2. [Abstract]

2024 Jul 30;81(1):325. PMID: 39079969
Cancers (Basel)

High-Dosage NMN Promotes Ferroptosis to Suppress Lung Adenocarcinoma Growth through the NAM-Mediated SIRT1-AMPK-ACC Pathway. [Abstract]

2023 Apr 23;15(9):2427. PMID: 37173894
Poult Sci

Protective effects of hypericin against infectious bronchitis virus induced apoptosis and reactive oxygen species in chicken embryo kidney cells. [Abstract]

2019 Dec 1;98(12):6367-6377. PMID: 31399732

PAC-1 purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Poult Sci. 2019 Dec 1;98(12):6367-6377. [Abstract]

The immunofluorescence was performed in chicken embryo kidney cells treated with PAC-1 (20 μM; 30 h) as control.
Vet Microbiol

Lipid metabolism is a novel and practical source of potential targets for antiviral discovery against porcine parvovirus. [Abstract]

2021 Oct:261:109177. PMID: 34391196

PAC-1 purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Vet Microbiol. 2021 Oct:261:109177. [Abstract]

PK15 cells were infected with porcine parvovirus (MOI = 1) and simultaneously incubated with PAC-1 (10 μM; 24 h), followed by determination Log TCID₅₀. PAC-1 increased porcine parvovirus yield.
Oncotarget

RXRα ligand Z-10 induces PML-RARα cleavage and APL cell apoptosis through disrupting PML-RARα/RXRα complex in a cAMP-independent manner. [Abstract]

2017 Feb 14;8(7):12311-12322. PMID: 28129653

PAC-1 purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Oncotarget. 2017 Feb 14;8(7):12311-12322. [Abstract]

NB4 cells are treated with 5 μM Z-10 or 50 μM PAC-1 for the indicated time, and the expression of PML-RARα and cleaved caspase3 is analyzed by western blot.

Solvent & Solubility

In Vitro:

DMSO : 50 mg/mL (127.39 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

H₂O : < 0.1 mg/mL (insoluble)

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Preparing Stock Solutions

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Concentration Solvent Mass

1 mg

5 mg

10 mg

Concentration

Solvent

Mass

1 mM

2.5478 mL

12.7392 mL

25.4784 mL

5 mM

0.5096 mL

2.5478 mL

5.0957 mL

10 mM

0.2548 mL

1.2739 mL

2.5478 mL

Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.

Molarity Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Mass Mass

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Dilution Calculator

Concentration _(start) × Volume _(start) = Concentration _(final) × Volume _(final)

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In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

Stock Solution Working Solution

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

Protocol 1

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline

Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (6.37 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

Protocol 2

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

Solubility: 2.5 mg/mL (6.37 mM); Suspended solution; Need ultrasonic

This protocol yields a suspended solution of 2.5 mg/mL. Suspended solution can be used for oral and intraperitoneal injection.

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

Protocol 3

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% Corn Oil

Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (6.37 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown). If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL Corn oil, and mix evenly.

In Vivo Dissolution Calculator

Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

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g
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Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Please enter your animal formula composition:

%
DMSO +

Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
%
+
+
%
Tween-80 + +
%
Saline +

The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).

Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL

Protocols

All Cell Biology Signal Pathway Related

Apoptosis
Apoptosis, also called programmed cell death, is generally characterized by distinct morphological characteristics.
TUNEL staining for apoptotic DNA fragmentation
TUNEL staining detects DNA strand breaks by using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase to add labeled nucleotides to exposed 3′-OH DNA termini, generating either microscopic staining in fixed cells or tissue sections, or fluorescence/cytometric signal in cell suspensions. TUNEL positivity reflects DNA fragmentation but should not be interpreted alone as definitive apoptosis, because TUNEL can also label necrotic, autolytic, mechanically damaged, or DNA-repair-associated DNA breaks.
Annexin V plus membrane-impermeant dye apoptosis staining
Annexin V-based apoptosis assays rely on the detection of phosphatidylserine (PS) externalization from the inner leaflet of the plasma membrane to the outer leaflet, an early biochemical hallmark of apoptosis. Fluorescently labeled Annexin V binds PS in a calcium-dependent manner, enabling identification of early apoptotic cells by flow cytometry or fluorescence microscopy. When combined with a membrane-impermeant DNA-binding dye (e. g. , propidium iodide), this approach allows discrimination between viable (Annexin V−/dye−), early apoptotic (Annexin V+/dye−), and late apoptotic or necrotic (Annexin V+/dye+) cell populations by assessing membrane integrity and PS exposure.
Apoptosis Solutions
Apoptosis is a regulated, generally non-lytic cell-death pathway that removes unwanted, damaged, infected, or abnormal cells through coordinated morphological changes, caspase activation, DNA fragmentation, and membrane remodeling. The intrinsic apoptosis pathway is controlled mainly by mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization, BCL-2 family proteins, cytochrome c release, apoptosome formation, caspase-9 activation, and downstream executioner caspase-3/7 activation. The extrinsic apoptosis pathway is initiated by death receptors such as Fas, TNFR, and TRAIL receptors, which recruit adaptor proteins and activate caspase-8 before engaging executioner caspases or mitochondrial amplification through BID cleavage. Apoptosis is linked to many phenotypes, including cancer cell killing, tissue homeostasis, immune regulation, neurodegeneration, infection response, and treatment-induced cytotoxicity; unresolved questions include how apoptosis interacts with necroptosis, pyroptosis, ferroptos

Purity & Documentation

Select Batch:

Purity: 99.98%

Assay: 99.98%

ee.: 99.98%

Data Sheet (277 KB)
SDS (597 KB)
- English - EN (597 KB)
- Français - FR (597 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (597 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (597 KB)
- Español - ES (597 KB)
- Swedish - SV (597 KB)
- Italian - IT (597 KB)
- Korean - KR (597 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (597 KB)
COA (2659 KB)
Elemental Analysis Report (2659 KB)
HNMR (2659 KB)
CNMR (2659 KB)
RP-HPLC (2659 KB)
NP-HPLC (2659 KB)
MS (2659 KB)
LCMS (2659 KB)
IR (2659 KB)
GC (2659 KB)
OR (2659 KB)
SDS-PAGE (2659 KB)
SEC-HPLC (2659 KB)
Other Report (2659 KB)
Handling Instructions (2659 KB)

References

[1]. Wang F, et al. A novel small-molecule activator of procaspase-3 induces apoptosis in cancer cells and reduces tumor growth in human breast, liver and gallbladder cancer xenografts. Mol Oncol. 2014 Dec;8(8):1640-52. [Content Brief]

[2]. Seervi M, et al. ERO1α-dependent endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondrial calcium flux contributes to ER stress and mitochondrial permeabilization by procaspase-activating compound-1 (PAC-1). Cell Death Dis. 2013 Dec 19;4:e968. [Content Brief]

[3]. Putt KS, et al. Small-molecule activation of procaspase-3 to caspase-3 as a personalized anticancer strategy. Nat Chem Biol. 2006 Oct;2(10):543-50. [Content Brief]

Help & FAQs

How should lyophilized recombinant proteins be reconstituted and stored?

1. Before opening the cap, centrifuge the vial at 13000 rpm for 20-30 seconds. This step will ensure that any lyophilized powder that may have adhered to the cap or walls is collected at the bottom of the vial, minimizing the risk of product loss.

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.

Optional Solvent	Concentration Solvent Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg	25 mg
DMSO	1 mM	2.5478 mL	12.7392 mL	25.4784 mL	63.6959 mL
	5 mM	0.5096 mL	2.5478 mL	5.0957 mL	12.7392 mL
	10 mM	0.2548 mL	1.2739 mL	2.5478 mL	6.3696 mL
	15 mM	0.1699 mL	0.8493 mL	1.6986 mL	4.2464 mL
	20 mM	0.1274 mL	0.6370 mL	1.2739 mL	3.1848 mL
	25 mM	0.1019 mL	0.5096 mL	1.0191 mL	2.5478 mL
	30 mM	0.0849 mL	0.4246 mL	0.8493 mL	2.1232 mL
	40 mM	0.0637 mL	0.3185 mL	0.6370 mL	1.5924 mL
	50 mM	0.0510 mL	0.2548 mL	0.5096 mL	1.2739 mL
	60 mM	0.0425 mL	0.2123 mL	0.4246 mL	1.0616 mL
	80 mM	0.0318 mL	0.1592 mL	0.3185 mL	0.7962 mL
	100 mM	0.0255 mL	0.1274 mL	0.2548 mL	0.6370 mL

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PAC-1

Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) PAC-1

All Caspase Isoforms