HIV
HIV-1 is an RNA retrovirus that infects immune cells through the envelope glycoprotein Env, whose mature gp120/gp41 trimer mediates viral entry into host cells[1]. Mechanistically, gp120 binds CD4 and then the chemokine coreceptors CCR5 or CXCR4, while gp41 refolding brings viral and cellular membranes together for fusion[2][3]. After entry, viral replication depends on reverse transcriptase, protease, and integrase, making these enzymes core targets for antiretroviral research[4][5]. In disease relevance, untreated HIV replication causes progressive CD4+ T-cell loss and immunological abnormalities, increasing infectious and oncological complications[6]. Compared with related forms, HIV-1 remains the main focus because it is described as the most virulent and pathogenic subtype in diagnostic and treatment literature[7]. For experimental applications, entry inhibitors target gp120, gp41, CCR5, or CXCR4, while enzyme inhibitors target reverse transcriptase, protease, or integrase to suppress distinct stages of the HIV life cycle[4][8].
References:
- [1]. Anang S, et al. Characterization of full-length and cytoplasmic tail-truncated envelope glycoproteins incorporated into human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) virions and virus-like particles. J Virol. 2025 Dec 23;99(12):e0158525. [Content Brief]
- [2]. Teixeira C, et al. Viral surface glycoproteins, gp120 and gp41, as potential drug targets against HIV-1: brief overview one quarter of a century past the approval of zidovudine, the first anti-retroviral drug. Eur J Med Chem. 2011 Apr;46(4):979-92. [Content Brief]
- [3]. Princen K, et al. HIV chemokine receptor inhibitors as novel anti-HIV drugs. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 2005 Dec;16(6):659-77. [Content Brief]
- [4]. De Clercq E. Emerging anti-HIV drugs. Expert Opin Emerg Drugs. 2005 May;10(2):241-73. doi: 10.1517/14728214.10.2.241. PMID: 15934866. et al. Emerging anti-HIV drugs. Expert Opin Emerg Drugs. 2005 May;10(2):241-73. [Content Brief]
- [5]. Palmisano L. Role of integrase inhibitors in the treatment of HIV disease. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther. 2007 Feb;5(1):67-75. doi: 10.1586/14787210.5.1.67. PMID: 17266455. et al. Role of integrase inhibitors in the treatment of HIV disease. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther. 2007 Feb;5(1):67-75. [Content Brief]
- [6]. Deeks SG, et al. HIV infection. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2015 Oct 1;1:15035. [Content Brief]
- [7]. Zulfiqar HF, et al. HIV Diagnosis and Treatment through Advanced Technologies. Front Public Health. 2017 Mar 7;5:32. [Content Brief]
- [8]. Greenberg M, et al. HIV fusion and its inhibition in antiretroviral therapy. Rev Med Virol. 2004 Sep-Oct;14(5):321-37. [Content Brief]
All Product Categories
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HIV Related Products (903)
Related Products (903)
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Didanosine-d2
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-B0249SDidanosine-d2 is the deuterium labeled Didanosine. Didanosine (Videx) is a reverse transcriptase inhibitor with an IC50 of 0.49 μM.
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(2S,5S)-Censavudine
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-16776ASynonyms: (2S,5S)-Festinavir; (2S,5S)-BMS-986001; (2S,5S)-OBP-601(2S,5S)-Censavudine ((2S,5S)-OBP-601) is the (2S,5S)-enantiomer of Censavudine. Censavudine, a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor, is a potent HIV inhibitor. (2S,5S)-Censavudine is a click chemistry reagent, it contains an Alkyne group and can undergo copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc) with molecules containing Azide groups.
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A3N19
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-146031CAS No.: 2249755-49-3A3N19 is a potent HIV-1 non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor, with an EC50 of 3.28 nM against HIV-1 IIIB.
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Valproic acid sodium (GMP)
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-10585AGCAS No.: 1069-66-5Synonyms: Sodium Valproate (GMP); VPA sodium (GMP); 2-Propylpentanoic acid sodium (GMP)Valproic acid (Sodium Valproate) sodium is an orally active HDAC inhibitor, with IC50 in the range of 0.5 and 2 mM, also inhibits HDAC1 (IC50, 400 μM), and induces proteasomal degradation of HDAC2. Valproic acid sodium activates Notch1 signaling and inhibits proliferation in small cell lung cancer (SCLC) cells. Valproic acid sodium is used in the treatment of epilepsy, bipolar disorder, metabolic disease, HIV infection and prevention of migraine headaches.
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HIV gp120 (318-327)
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-P10251CAS No.: 147841-68-7HIV gp120 (318-327) is a short sequence of the HIV-1 strain IIIB envelope peptide (rgpgrafvti) that corresponds to the conserved C-terminal region of the glycoprotein. HIV gp120 (318-327) is part of the HIV vaccine V3 peptide epitope, also known as the I10 peptide. However, HIV gp120 (318-327) lacks the A2 anchor residues recognized by epitope-specific CTLs but has structural features that confer promiscuous A2 binding.
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(+)-Carbovir triphosphate
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-126082CAS No.: 144606-93-9(+)-Carbovir triphosphate is an enantiomer of Carbovir triphosphate (HY-131607). (+)-Carbovir triphosphate is an inhibitor and substrate of HIV reverse transcriptase.
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(+)-Dihydrocalanolide A
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-142073CAS No.: 183904-53-2Synonyms: DHCal A; NSC 678323(+)-Dihydrocalanolide A (DHCal A; NSC 678323) is an orally active nonnucleoside inhibitor of Reverse Transcriptase. (+)-Dihydrocalanolide A can be used to HIV infection research.
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Isochlorogenic acid A (Standard)
0 ImagesSynonyms: 3,5-Dicaffeoylquinic acid (Standard); 3,5-CQA (Standard)Isochlorogenic acid A (Standard) is the analytical standard of Isochlorogenic acid A. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Isochlorogenic acid A (3,5-Dicaffeoylquinic acid) is a natural phenolic acid with anti-mutagenicity, anti-HBV, anti-HIV, anti-oxidant, anti-bacterial, and anti-inflammatoryy activities.
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Valproic acid magnesium
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-W794759CAS No.: 62959-43-7Synonyms: Magnesium valproate; VPA magnesium; 2-Propylpentanoic acid magnesiumValproic acid magnesium (Magnesium valproate) is an orally active HDAC inhibitor, with IC50 in the range of 0.5 and 2 mM. Valproic acid magnesium inhibits HDAC1 (IC50, 400 μM), and induces proteasomal degradation of HDAC2. Valproic acid magnesium activates Notch1 signaling and inhibits proliferation in small cell lung cancer (SCLC) cells. Valproic acid magnesium is used in the epilepsy, bipolar disorder, metabolic disease, HIV infection and prevention of migraine headaches.
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RDEA 806 potassium
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-105249BCAS No.: 878670-63-4RDEA 806 potassium is an orally effective non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase (NNRT) inhibitor that exhibits potent in vitro inhibitory activity against wild-type HIV-1 (EC50 = 1.7 ng/mL) and NNRTI-resistant HIV-1. RDEA 806 potassium rapidly reduces HIV-1 RNA viral load in vivo. RDEA 806 potassium has a favorable biosafety profile. RDEA 806 potassium can be used for research related to HIV-1 infection.
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GPS491
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-139850CAS No.: 2655502-29-5
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CP-94707
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-120055CAS No.: 343250-05-5CP-94707 is an HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (HIV-1 reverse transcriptase) inhibitor, with an IC50 of 4 μM against wild-type and HIV-1 reverse transcriptase Y181I-Y188L double mutant enzymes, and an IC50 of 10 μM against HIV-1 reverse transcriptase K103N mutant enzyme. CP-94707 inhibits the initiation of negative-strand DNA synthesis primed by tRNALys-3, as well as the elongation of DNA synthesis mediated by HIV-1 reverse transcriptase. CP-94707 can be used in studies related to HIV infection.
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IQP-0528 (Standard)
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-19509RCAS No.: 301297-45-0IQP-0528 (Standard) is the analytical standard of IQP-0528. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. IQP-0528 is a highly potent nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI). IQP-0528 shows nanomolar activity against both HIV-1 and HIV-2, with an HIV-1 EC50 of 0.2 nM and an HIV-2 EC50 of 100 nM.
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TX-1918
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-112393CAS No.: 503473-32-3TX-1918 is an inhibitor for eukaryotic elongation factor 2 kinase (eEF2-K) and Src kinase with IC50 of 0.44 and 4.4 μM, respectively. TX-1918 exhibits cytotoxicity in cell HepG2 and HCT116, with IC50 of 2.07 and 230 μM, respectively. TX-1918 inhibits the C-terminal domain of HIV-1 CA (CA CTD)(IC50 =3.81 μM), and inhibits the viral replication (IC50 =15.16 μM).
