Sigma Receptor Antagonist

Rimcazole (BW 234U) dihydrochloride is a carbazole derivative that acts in part as a sigma (σ) receptor antagonist. Rimcazole dihydrochloride also binds with moderate affinity to the dopamine transporter and inhibit dopamine uptake. Rimcazole dihydrochloride can reduce locomotor activity and sensitization. Rimcazole dihydrochloride also can be used for the research of cancer.

Opipramol (Ensidon) is an atypical tricyclic antidepressant (TCA). Opipramol acts primarily as a sigma (σ) receptor agonist and can potently interact with sigma recognition sites with a K_i value of 50 nM. Opipramol can be used for the research of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD).

Trifluperidol hydrochloride is a Sigma-1 receptor antagonist with a K_i value of 3.3 nM. Trifluperidol hydrochloride is used in the study of psychosis.

IPAG is a potent sigma-1 receptor antagonist with a pK_i of 4.3. IPAG induces apoptosis.

DuP 734 is a sigma receptor antagonist. DuP 734 is a selective and potent sigma and 5-HT2 receptor ligand with weak affinity for D2 receptors. DuP 734 may have antipsychotic activity without the liability of motor side effects typical of neuroleptics.

AB21 hydrochloride is a potent and selective S1R antagonist with K_is of 13, 102 nM for S1R and S2R. AB21 hydrochloride has the effect of reducing mechanical hypersensitivity.

EST73502 monohydrochloride is a selective, orally active and blood-brain barrier (BBB) penetrant dual μ-opioid receptor (MOR) agonist and σ1 receptor (σ1R) antagonist, with K_is of 64 nM and 118 nM for MOR and σ1R, respectively. EST73502 monohydrochloride has antinociceptive activity.

BD-1008-d₅ dihydrobromide is the deuterium labeled BD-1008 dihydrobromide (HY-100966). BD-1008 dihydrobromide is a nonselective σ receptor antagonist with K_is against σ1 receptor and σ2 receptor of 2 nM and 8 nM. The BD-1008 dihydrobromide has an extremely low affinity for the D2 receptor (K_i = 1112 nM) and dopamine transporter (DAT) (K_i > 10,000 nM). BD-1008 dihydrobromide significantly antagonizes dopamine release in the shell region of the nucleus accumbens via the σ₂ receptor. BD-1008 dihydrobromide blocks the self-administration behavior of σ agonists.BD-1008 dihydrobromide can be used for the study of addiction therapy that target the σ receptor.

SAS-0132 is a selective Sigma 2 receptor (Sig2R) antagonist (K_i: 90 nM) that can cross the blood-brain barrier. SAS-0132 is capable of regulating intracellular Ca²⁺ levels and modulating PGRMC1-related pathways. SAS-0132 exhibits neuroprotective activity and can improve cognitive impairment in Alzheimer's disease mice. SAS-0132 can be used in the research of neurocognitive disorders such as Alzheimer's disease.

CM304 is a potent S1R inhibitor that can inhibit drug-induced convulsions in rats.

KSK94 is a high-affinity histamine H3 receptor antagonist, with K_is of 7.9, 2958, 75.2 nM for H3 receptor, sigma-1, sigma-2 receptor respectively. KSK94 can be used for research of nociceptive and neuropathic pain.

σ1 Receptor/μ Opioid receptor modulator 1 (Compound 44) is a potent σ1 receptor antagonist and μ opioid receptor agonist with K_is of 1.86 nM and 2.1 nM, respectively.σ1 Receptor/μ Opioid receptor modulator 1 exhibits potent analgesic activity. σ1 Receptor/μ Opioid receptor modulator 1 can be used for the research of neuropathic pain.

EST64454 maleate is a highly soluble σ1 receptor antagonist, demonstrating potent antinociceptive properties for pain treatment. EST64454 maleate exhibits excellent metabolic stability across various species and possesses an adequate pharmacokinetic profile in rodents. EST64454 maleate has been identified as a promising clinical candidate due to its favorable aqueous solubility and high permeability in Caco-2 cells.

KSK68 is a high-affinity dual sigma-1 and histamine H3 receptor antagonist, with K_is of 7.7, 3.6, 22.4 nM for H3 receptor, sigma-1, sigma-2 receptor respectively. KSK68 has negligible affinity at the other histamine receptor subtypes. KSK68 can be used for research of nociceptive and neuropathic pain.

Sigma-1 receptor antagonist 5 (compound 12)，a 4-pyridylpiperidine derivative with analgesic activity，is an antagonist of sigma receptor (Ki=4.5 nM (σ1R)，10 nM (σ2R)) and histamine H3 (hH₃R，Ki=7.7 nM，IC₅₀=215 nM). Sigma-1 receptor antagonist 5 suppresses Capsaicin-induced nociception with antinociceptive activity and shows potent efficacy in nociceptive and neuropathic pain models.

KSK67 is a high-affinity dual sigma-2 and histamine H3 receptor antagonist, with K_is of 3.2, 1531, 101 nM for H3 receptor, sigma-1, sigma-2 receptor respectively. KSK67 can be used for research of nociceptive and neuropathic pain.

σ1 Receptor/μ Opioid receptor modulator 2 (compound 4x) is a dual μOR agonist/σ1R antagonist, and displays picomolar μOR agonism activity (EC₅₀: 0.6 ± 0.2 nM) and good σ1R inhibitory activity (K_i: 363.7 ± 5.6 nM). σ1 Receptor/μ Opioid receptor modulator 2 exhibits robust analgesic effects in various pain models.

Sigma-1 receptor antagonist 6 (Compound 12) is an antagonist of the Sigma-1 receptor (σ1R). Sigma-1 receptor antagonist 6 exerts a robust antiallodynic effect by antagonizing σ1R. Sigma-1 receptor antagonist 6 can be used in neuropathic pain animal models to alleviate mechanical allodynia induced by paclitaxel (HY-B0015).

Sigma-1 receptor antagonist 4 (Compound 32) is a potent σ1R antagonist that significantly enhances the analgesic effect of morphine and rescues morphine-induced analgesic tolerance, with potential to prevent morphine tolerance.

PW507 is a potent, brain-penetrant and selective sigma 1 receptor (S1R) antagonist with a K_i of 7.5 nM for human S1R. PW507 displays a low binding affinity to S2R and hERG. PW507 can be used for the study of painful diabetic neuropathy (PDN).