D-Glucose
Based on 61 publication(s) in Google Scholar
D-Glucose is the naturally occurring form of glucose and the most abundant monosaccharide. D-Glucose is a critical components of the general metabolism, and serve as critical signaling molecules in relation to both cellular metabolic status and biotic or abiotic stress response.
For research use only. We do not sell to patients.
- Purity: 98.0%
- CAS No.: 50-99-7
- Formula: C6H12O6
- Molecular Weight:180.16
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Storage:Powder -20°C, 3 years , 4°C, 2 years ; In solvent -80°C, 6 months , -20°C, 1 month
To place orders, for customer services and technical support, please contact: MedChemExpress USA
Tel: 609-228-6898 E-mail: [email protected] [email protected]
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Biological Activity
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Chemical Information
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Solvent & Solubility
- Purity & Documentation
- References
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Help & FAQs
Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) D-Glucose
More- Nature. 2025 Jul;643(8070):192-200. [Abstract]
- Cancer Cell. 2025 Aug 12:S1535-6108(25)00330-7. [Abstract]
- Nat Cell Biol. 2025 Oct 15. [Abstract]
- Cancer Res. 2026 Feb 9. [Abstract]
- ACS Nano. 2023 Sep 26;17(18):18037-18054. [Abstract]
- Nat Protoc. 2021 Jan;16(1):405-430. [Abstract]
- Nat Commun. 2026 Mar 3;17(1):3382. [Abstract]
- Autophagy. 2025 Oct 25. [Abstract]
- Autophagy. 2023 Jun;19(6):1745-1763. [Abstract]
- Adv Sci (Weinh). 2024 Jul 1:e2403640. [Abstract]
- J Nanobiotechnology. 2025 Feb 4;23(1):81. [Abstract]
- Sci Adv. 2025 May 23;11(21):eadv0558. [Abstract]
- Cancer Lett. 2026 Sep 28:656:218681. [Abstract]
- Cancer Lett. 2026 Aug 1:652:218561. [Abstract]
- Cancer Lett. 2022 Dec 1:550:215918. [Abstract]
- Ultrason Sonochem. 2025 Dec:123:107673. [Abstract]
- Burns Trauma. 2026 Jan 13.
- Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2026 Jul 7;123(27):e2523789123.
- Cell Commun Signal. 2022 Oct 27;20(1):168. [Abstract]
- EMBO Mol Med. 2025 Oct 15. [Abstract]
- J Transl Med. 2024 Jan 18;22(1):74. [Abstract]
- J Transl Med. 2023 Sep 7;21(1):605. [Abstract]
- Oncogene. 2024 Oct;43(44):3215-3226. [Abstract]
- Cell Death Discov. 2025 Jul 2;11(1):299. [Abstract]
- J Autoimmun. 2025 Apr 2:153:103411. [Abstract]
- Cell Rep. 2024 Dec 30;44(1):115116. [Abstract]
- Int J Nanomedicine. 2025 Aug 6:20:9753-9770. [Abstract]
- Mol Med. 2025 Jan 18;31(1):15. [Abstract]
- Phytother Res. 2023 Aug;37(8):3323-3341. [Abstract]
- Biochem Pharmacol. 2026 Mar 20:249:117918. [Abstract]
- Am J Chin Med. 2026;54(1):285-301. [Abstract]
- Cancer Metab. 2026 Apr 2;14(1):13. [Abstract]
- Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2024 Oct 1;327(4):C1125-C1142. [Abstract]
- J Biol Chem. 2026 May 27:113207. [Abstract]
- Biomedicines. 2026 Mar 30;14(4):781. [Abstract]
- Sci Rep. 2025 Jul 1;15(1):21261. [Abstract]
- Diabetol Metab Syndr. 2025 Jun 5;17(1):193. [Abstract]
- Cell Signal. 2024 May 11:120:111225. [Abstract]
- Cell Signal. 2023 May:105:110626. [Abstract]
- Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2026 May:615:112739. [Abstract]
- Mol Med Rep. 2026 Jan;33(1):2. [Abstract]
- Biology (Basel). 2025 Jun 17;14(6):712. [Abstract]
- Kaohsiung J Med Sci. 2025 Sep 25:e70120. [Abstract]
- J Leukoc Biol. 2025 Apr 11:qiaf042. [Abstract]
- Funct Integr Genomics. 2024 Nov 15;24(6):214. [Abstract]
- Mol Immunol. 2026 Feb:190:1-10. [Abstract]
- J Diabetes Investig. 2025 Jun 10. [Abstract]
- J Cell Biochem. 2021 Sep;122(9):1252. [Abstract]
- Mol Cell Biol. 2025 Jul 22:1-17. [Abstract]
- Electron J Biotechnol. 2026 Jun 12.
- Placenta. 2025 Oct 3:172:51-62. [Abstract]
- Hereditas. 2025 Jun 13;162(1):104. [Abstract]
- Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2026 Jun 25:819:153768. [Abstract]
- Stem Cells Dev. 2021 Oct 15;30(20):1017-1027. [Abstract]
- Nephrology (Carlton). 2025 Jul;30(7):e70073. [Abstract]
- Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom. 2022;36(1):e9211. [Abstract]
- Exp Anim. 2023 Aug 7;72(3):302-313. [Abstract]
- Res Sq. 2025 May 15.
- Research Square Print. November 29th, 2022.
- Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2022 Aug 31;2022:9004738. [Abstract]
- RNA & Disease. 2020 Jan 09; 7: e461.
Customer Validation & Images
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WB
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Apoptosis Analysis
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IF
All Endogenous Metabolite Isoforms
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Biological Activity
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Microbial Metabolite |
Human Endogenous Metabolite |
D-Glucose (25-150 mM, 20min) increases the release of 5-Hydroxytryptamine from human BON cells dose-dependently[3].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
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Animal Model:Male rats (Charles River strain) with alloxan induced diabetes[2]
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Dosage:250, 500, 750 mg/kg
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Administration:Intravenous injection (i.v.)
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Result:Demonstrated slight to moderate degranulation of isletβcells and only minimal or absent evidence of injury, while β cell necrosis was noted in those receiving only alloxan.
| NCT Number | Sponsor | Condition | Start Date |
Phase
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| NCT01329991 | Plexxikon| | 2011-05 | PHASE1 |
Chemical Information
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CAS No. 50-99-7
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Appearance Solid
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Molecular Weight 180.16
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Formula C6H12O6
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Color White to off-white
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SMILES
O=C[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@@H](CO)O)O)O)O
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Synonyms
Glucose; D-(+)-Glucose; Dextrose
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Structure Classification
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Initial Source
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Shipping
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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Storage
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month
Publications (61)
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Journal Impact Factor
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Most Recent
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Nature
2025 Jul;643(8070):192-200. PMID: 39695227 -
Cancer Cell
2025 Aug 12:S1535-6108(25)00330-7. PMID: 40829591 -
Nat Cell Biol
A continuous totipotent-like cell-based embryo model recapitulates mouse embryogenesis from zygotic genome activation to gastrulation. [Abstract]2025 Oct 15. PMID: 41094030 -
Cancer Res
The Farnesyl Transferase Inhibitor Darlifarnib (KO-2806) Resensitizes Relapsing Tumors to RAS Inhibition. [Abstract]2026 Feb 9. PMID: 41661652 -
ACS Nano
Enhanced Biohomogeneous Composite Membrane-Encapsulated Nanoplatform with Podocyte Targeting for Precise and Safe Treatment of Diabetic Nephropathy. [Abstract]2023 Sep 26;17(18):18037-18054. PMID: 37713364
D-Glucose purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: ACS Nano. 2023 Sep 26;17(18):18037-18054. [Abstract]
Relative cell viability of human kidney podocyte after coincubation with HG (containing 25 mM of glucose (24 h)), HHG (containing 75 mM of glucose (24 h)) and various components of ESC-HCM-B.
D-Glucose purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: ACS Nano. 2023 Sep 26;17(18):18037-18054. [Abstract]
The mitochondrial membrane potential of human kidney podocyte after coincubation with HG (containing 25 mM of glucose (24 h)), HHG (containing 75 mM of glucose 24 h) and various components of ESC-HCM-B, the scale bar = 100 μm.
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Nat Protoc
2021 Jan;16(1):405-430. PMID: 33311713 -
Nat Commun
TIGAR regulates intestinal mucus barrier integrity by inhibiting lactylation of G6PD/6PGD in ulcerative colitis. [Abstract]2026 Mar 3;17(1):3382. PMID: 41776188 -
Autophagy
XIAP-ULK1-Mediated mitophagy modulates carnitine metabolism to mitigate diabetic kidney disease. [Abstract]2025 Oct 25. PMID: 41139215 -
Autophagy
The Valsa mali effector Vm1G-1794 protects the aggregated MdEF-Tu from autophagic degradation to promote infection in apple. [Abstract]2023 Jun;19(6):1745-1763. PMID: 36449354 -
Adv Sci (Weinh)
Granulosa Cell-Layer Stiffening Prevents Escape of Mural Granulosa Cells from the Post-Ovulatory Follicle. [Abstract]2024 Jul 1:e2403640. PMID: 38946588 -
J Nanobiotechnology
RGD-HSA-TAC nanoparticles targeted delivery of tacrolimus and attenuation of podocyte injury in diabetic kidney disease. [Abstract]2025 Feb 4;23(1):81. PMID: 39905421
D-Glucose purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: J Nanobiotechnology. 2025 Feb 4;23(1):81. [Abstract]
Human podocyte fibrosis and inflammatory factor secretion were significantly higher in patients treated with HG (30 mM glucose for 24 h)+AGEs than in those treated with fTAC alone.
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Sci Adv
Sphingolipid synthesis in tumor-associated macrophages confers immunotherapy resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma. [Abstract]2025 May 23;11(21):eadv0558. PMID: 40397754 -
Cancer Lett
CAF-derived extracellular vesicle-associated LINC02420 links stromal communication to HIF1A-dependent glycolytic regulation in head and neck cancer. [Abstract]2026 Sep 28:656:218681. PMID: 42296563 -
Cancer Lett
Stress-inducible circSCLT1 scaffolds HNRNPA1/CSDE1 to amplify IL1B/NF-κB signaling in TNBC via mRNA stabilization, suppressor degradation, and stress granule shielding. [Abstract]2026 Aug 1:652:218561. PMID: 42092680 -
Cancer Lett
Obesity accelerates immune evasion of non-small cell lung carcinoma via TFEB-dependent upregulation of Siglec-15 and glycolytic reprogramming. [Abstract]2022 Dec 1:550:215918. PMID: 36150633 -
Ultrason Sonochem
Ultrasonic complexation with Lycium barbarum polysaccharide significantly enhances the aqueous solubility and bioavailability of curcumin. [Abstract]2025 Dec:123:107673. PMID: 41223460 -
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Cell Commun Signal
DNMT3A R882H mutation drives daunorubicin resistance in acute myeloid leukemia via regulating NRF2/NQO1 pathway. [Abstract]2022 Oct 27;20(1):168. PMID: 36303144 -
EMBO Mol Med
Isoginkgetin antagonizes ALS pathologies in its animal and patient iPSC models via PINK1-Parkin-dependent mitophagy. [Abstract]2025 Oct 15. PMID: 41094045 -
J Transl Med
Hypoxia-induced P4HA1 overexpression promotes post-ischemic angiogenesis by enhancing endothelial glycolysis through downregulating FBP1. [Abstract]2024 Jan 18;22(1):74. PMID: 38238754 -
J Transl Med
ESRRG-PKM2 axis reprograms metabolism to suppress esophageal squamous carcinoma progression and enhance anti-PD-1 therapy efficacy. [Abstract]2023 Sep 7;21(1):605. PMID: 37679788 -
Oncogene
The tumor suppressor Parkin exerts anticancer effects through regulating mitochondrial GAPDH activity. [Abstract]2024 Oct;43(44):3215-3226. PMID: 39285229 -
Cell Death Discov
DNMBP-AS1/hsa-miR-30a-5p/PGC1α axis suppresses tumor progression of colorectal cancer by inhibiting PKM2-mediated Warburg effect and enhance anti-PD-1 therapy efficacy. [Abstract]2025 Jul 2;11(1):299. PMID: 40603870 -
J Autoimmun
Neutrophil extracellular traps induce trophoblasts pyroptosis via enhancing NLRP3 lactylation in SLE pregnancies. [Abstract]2025 Apr 2:153:103411. PMID: 40179478 -
Cell Rep
IMPDH2 dephosphorylation under FGFR signaling promotes S-phase progression and tumor growth. [Abstract]2024 Dec 30;44(1):115116. PMID: 39739531 -
Int J Nanomedicine
Inhibition of Ferroptosis by Adipose Stem Cell-Derived Apoptotic Vesicles Enhances Angiogenesis and Accelerates Diabetic Wound Healing. [Abstract]2025 Aug 6:20:9753-9770. PMID: 40791776 -
Mol Med
D-mannose promotes diabetic wound healing through inhibiting advanced glycation end products formation in keratinocytes. [Abstract]2025 Jan 18;31(1):15. PMID: 39827347 -
Phytother Res
Cognitive protection of sinomenine in type 2 diabetes mellitus through regulating the EGF/Nrf2/HO-1 signaling, the microbiota-gut-brain axis, and hippocampal neuron ferroptosis. [Abstract]2023 Aug;37(8):3323-3341. PMID: 37036428 -
Biochem Pharmacol
CSDE1-mediated histone lactylation modification of the HOXD9 promoter promotes gastric cancer progression. [Abstract]2026 Mar 20:249:117918. PMID: 41864431 -
Am J Chin Med
Tanshinone IIA Alleviates Pyroptosis through SIRT1/NLRP3 Pathway to Improve Diabetic Nephropathy. [Abstract]2026;54(1):285-301. PMID: 41582081 -
Cancer Metab
PER2 knockdown drives immunotherapy resistance in gastric cancer via metabolic reprogramming of myeloid-derived suppressor cells. [Abstract]2026 Apr 2;14(1):13. PMID: 41928364 -
Am J Physiol Cell Physiol
Hypomethylation-associated ELF3 helps nasopharyngeal carcinoma to escape immune surveillance via MUC16-mediated glycolytic metabolic reprogramming. [Abstract]2024 Oct 1;327(4):C1125-C1142. PMID: 39219440 -
J Biol Chem
Lactate-fueled H3K18 lactylation sustains ΔNp63α-dependent self-renewal in limbal epithelial stem cells. [Abstract]2026 May 27:113207. PMID: 42208899 -
Biomedicines
Chrysin Pretreatment Enhances BMSC Therapeutic Efficacy in Resolving Diabetic Wound Healing. [Abstract]2026 Mar 30;14(4):781. PMID: 42072322 -
Sci Rep
Tanshinone IIA suppresses the proliferation and fibrosis of mesangial cell in diabetic nephropathy though WTAP-mediated m6A methylation. [Abstract]2025 Jul 1;15(1):21261. PMID: 40593882 -
Diabetol Metab Syndr
IL-37 inhibited inflammation to improve gestational diabetes mellitus through the GSK3/NF-κB pathway. [Abstract]2025 Jun 5;17(1):193. PMID: 40474280 -
Cell Signal
USP5 facilitates diabetic retinopathy development by stabilizing ROBO4 via deubiquitination. [Abstract]2024 May 11:120:111225. PMID: 38735506 -
Cell Signal
DNMT3A R882H mutation promotes acute leukemic cell survival by regulating glycolysis through the NRF2/NQO1 axis. [Abstract]2023 May:105:110626. PMID: 36758683 -
Mol Cell Endocrinol
Hyperglycemia differentially regulates osteoblast and osteoclast autophagy via AMPK/mTOR/p70 S6K signaling in diabetic osteoporosis. [Abstract]2026 May:615:112739. PMID: 41611117 -
Mol Med Rep
MALT1 inhibition by MI‑2 suppresses epithelial‑to‑mesenchymal transition and fibrosis by inactivating the NF‑κB pathway in high glucose‑treated HK‑2 cells. [Abstract]2026 Jan;33(1):2. PMID: 41104891 -
Biology (Basel)
3-Hydroxyacyl CoA Dehydratase 2 Is Essential for Embryonic Development and Hepatic Metabolic Function Under a Low-Fat, High-Carbohydrate Diet. [Abstract]2025 Jun 17;14(6):712. PMID: 40563962 -
Kaohsiung J Med Sci
Involvement of the miR-128-3p/KDM3A/NLRP3 Axis in High Glucose-Induced Inflammatory Injury in Retinal Endothelial Cells. [Abstract]2025 Sep 25:e70120. PMID: 40999581 -
J Leukoc Biol
Mitochondrial fusion reduces T cell susceptibility to HIV infection through citrate modulation. [Abstract]2025 Apr 11:qiaf042. PMID: 40211578 -
Funct Integr Genomics
BHLHE40-mediated transcriptional activation of GRIN2D in gastric cancer is involved in metabolic reprogramming. [Abstract]2024 Nov 15;24(6):214. PMID: 39546079 -
Mol Immunol
Formononetin in Jiawei Qihuangyin inhibits podocyte epithelial-mesenchymal transition and ameliorates diabetic nephropathy via SIRT1/NF-κB axis. [Abstract]2026 Feb:190:1-10. PMID: 41483656 -
J Diabetes Investig
METTL3/YTHDF3 m6A axis promotes ferroptosis in diabetic kidney disease by stabilizing TfR1. [Abstract]2025 Jun 10. PMID: 40492436 -
J Cell Biochem
Circular RNA ACR relieves high glucose-aroused RSC96 cell apoptosis and autophagy via declining microRNA-145-3p. [Abstract]2021 Sep;122(9):1252. PMID: 31886589 -
Mol Cell Biol
miR-365-3p Regulates Gastrointestinal Dysfunction in Diabetes Mellitus Rats via the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB Pathway. [Abstract]2025 Jul 22:1-17. PMID: 40693422 -
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Placenta
Exosomal miR-152-5p promotes trophoblast apoptosis by inhibiting the PI3K/AKT/FOXO3a signaling pathway via targeting VAMP3 in gestational diabetes mellitus. [Abstract]2025 Oct 3:172:51-62. PMID: 41124982 -
Hereditas
Astragaloside IV regulates FOXM1 deubiquitination to ameliorate trophoblast damage caused by high glucose. [Abstract]2025 Jun 13;162(1):104. PMID: 40514721 -
Biochem Biophys Res Commun
Chiglitazar prevents diabetes-induced skeletal muscle loss by enhancing myogenic differentiation through the MEK/ERK pathway. [Abstract]2026 Jun 25:819:153768. PMID: 42035619 -
Stem Cells Dev
Metformin Rescues the Impaired Osteogenesis Differentiation Ability of Rat Adipose-Derived Stem Cells in High Glucose by Activating Autophagy. [Abstract]2021 Oct 15;30(20):1017-1027. PMID: 34486387 -
Nephrology (Carlton)
Melatonin Protects Against Diabetic Kidney Disease via the SIRT1/NLRP3 Signalling Pathway. [Abstract]2025 Jul;30(7):e70073. PMID: 40589095 -
Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom
Application of zero-phase digital filtering for effective denoising of field asymmetric waveform ion mobility spectrometry signal. [Abstract]2022;36(1):e9211. PMID: 34643299 -
Exp Anim
SOX9 modulates Müller cell gliosis in diabetic retinopathy through upregulating TXNIP transcription. [Abstract]2023 Aug 7;72(3):302-313. PMID: 36642539 -
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Oxid Med Cell Longev
lncRNA ZFAS1 Positively Facilitates Endothelial Ferroptosis via miR-7-5p/ACSL4 Axis in Diabetic Retinopathy. [Abstract]2022 Aug 31;2022:9004738. PMID: 36092160 -
Solvent & Solubility
H2O : ≥ 50 mg/mL (277.53 mM)
* "≥" means soluble, but saturation unknown.
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
For the following dissolution methods, please prepare the working solution directly:
It is recommended to prepare fresh solutions and use them promptly within a short period of time.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.
Add each solvent one by one: PBS
Solubility: 100 mg/mL (555.06 mM); Clear solution; Need ultrasonic
Purity & Documentation
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Data Sheet (275 KB)
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SDS (397 KB)
- English - EN (397 KB)
- Français - FR (397 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (397 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (397 KB)
- Español - ES (397 KB)
- Swedish - SV (397 KB)
- Italian - IT (397 KB)
- Korean - KR (397 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (397 KB)
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Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References
[1]. Jin Jiaojiao, et al. D-glucose, D-galactose, and D-lactose non-enzyme quantitative and qualitative analysis method based on Cu foam electrode. Food Chem. 2015 May 15;175:485-93. [Content Brief]
[2]. Rossini AA, et al. Beta cell protection to alloxan necrosis by anomers of D-glucose. Science. 1974;183(4123):424. [Content Brief]
[3]. Kim M, et al. D-glucose releases 5-hydroxytryptamine from human BON cells as a model of enterochromaffin cells. Gastroenterology. 2001 Dec;121(6):1400-6. [Content Brief]
Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
| Optional Solvent | Concentration Solvent Mass | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | 25 mg |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| H2O | 1 mM | 5.5506 mL | 27.7531 mL | 55.5062 mL | 138.7655 mL |
| 5 mM | 1.1101 mL | 5.5506 mL | 11.1012 mL | 27.7531 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.5551 mL | 2.7753 mL | 5.5506 mL | 13.8766 mL | |
| 15 mM | 0.3700 mL | 1.8502 mL | 3.7004 mL | 9.2510 mL | |
| 20 mM | 0.2775 mL | 1.3877 mL | 2.7753 mL | 6.9383 mL | |
| 25 mM | 0.2220 mL | 1.1101 mL | 2.2202 mL | 5.5506 mL | |
| 30 mM | 0.1850 mL | 0.9251 mL | 1.8502 mL | 4.6255 mL | |
| 40 mM | 0.1388 mL | 0.6938 mL | 1.3877 mL | 3.4691 mL | |
| 50 mM | 0.1110 mL | 0.5551 mL | 1.1101 mL | 2.7753 mL | |
| 60 mM | 0.0925 mL | 0.4626 mL | 0.9251 mL | 2.3128 mL | |
| 80 mM | 0.0694 mL | 0.3469 mL | 0.6938 mL | 1.7346 mL | |
| 100 mM | 0.0555 mL | 0.2775 mL | 0.5551 mL | 1.3877 mL |
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
D-Glucose Related Classifications
HY-B0389 Related Classifications
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