Cytomegalovirus Infection

Cytomegalovirus retinitis is a serious opportunistic infection caused by human cytomegalovirus, primarily affecting immunocompromised individuals such as those with AIDS. It leads to retinal necrosis, hemorrhage, vessel sheathing, and edema, resulting in vision loss or blindness in 15–40% of AIDS patients. The infection is characterized by the presence of large cells with distinctive nuclear and cytoplasmic inclusions, producing an "owl's eye" appearance under microscopy.